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Neural regeneration research 2020年第3期15卷 407-415页

作者： heather r.lucas ricardo D.Fernández Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University

N-acetylatedα-synuclein(αSyn)has long been established as an intrinsically disordered protein associated with a dysfunctional role in Parkinson’s *** recent years,a physiologically relevant,higher order conformation has been identified as a helical tetramer that is tailored by buried hydrophobic interactions and is distinctively aggregation *** canonical mechanism by which the tetramer assembles remains *** novel biochemical approaches,computational methods,pioneering purification platforms,and powerful imaging techniques continue to develop,puzzling information that once sparked debate as to the veracity of the tetramer has now shed light upon this new counterpart inαSyn *** magnetic resonance and computational studies on multimericαSyn structure have revealed that the protein folding propensity is controlled by small energy barriers that enable large scale ***,familial mutations ablate tetramerization and reconfigure polymorphic *** this review,we will discuss the dynamic landscape ofαSyn quaternary structure with a focus on the tetrameric conformation.

关键词： alpha-synuclein amyloid fibrils intrinsically disordered protein multimer N-acetylation oligomer Parkinson’s disease protein folding protein structure tetramer

Exploration of petrographic,elemental,and material properties of dynamic failure-prone coals

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第1期30卷 69-75页

作者： heather Lawson Spokane Mining research Division National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthSpokaneWA 99207USA

The purpose of this study is to explore how the geochemical and petrographic components of coal may impact its physical properties and how these correlate with a history of reportable dynamic failure in coal *** failure events,also termed bumps,bounces,or bursts,are the explosive failures of rock in a mining *** events occur suddenly and often with no warning,resulting in worker injury up to and including fatality in greater than 60%of reportable cases through the Mine Safety and Health Administration(MSHA).A database of variables was compiled using publicly available datasets,which includes compositional geographic,strength,and Hardgrove grindability index(HGI)*** indicated that bumping coals were less mature,lower in carbon,higher in oxygen,softer,and less well cleated than coals that did not *** liptinite content was found to correlate with higher average uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)***,no clear and direct correlation between UCS and dynamic failure status was *** findings of this study established that differences existed between coals that had versus had not experienced reportable dynamic failure *** differences were inherent to the coal itself and were independent of mining-induced risk *** further illuminated how compositional attribute of coal influenced physical properties and began to clarify potential links between geochemistry and dynamic failure *** through the better understanding of risk can more effective mitigating strategies be enacted.

关键词： Dynamic failure Coal Bump Bounce Burst

Building Momentum to realign Incentives to Support Open Science

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Data Intelligence 2021年第1期3卷 71-78页

作者： heather Joseph SPArC(Scholarly Publishing and Academic resources Coalition) Washington DC 20036USA

The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the urgent need to strengthen global scientific collaboration,and to ensure the fundamental right to universal access to scientific progress and its *** Science(OS)is central to achieving these *** aims to make science accessible,transparent,and effective by providing barrier-free access to scientific publications,data,and infrastructures,along with open software,Open Educational resources,and open *** also promotes public trust in science at a time when it has never been more important to do *** the past decade,momentum towards the widespread adoption of OS practices has been primarily driven by declarations(e.g.,DOrA,the Leiden Manifesto).These serve an important role,but for OS to truly take root,researchers also must be fully incentivized and rewarded for its *** requires research funders and academic leaders to take the lead in collaborating,with researchers in designing,and implementing new incentive structures,and to actively work to socialize these throughout the research *** US National Academies of Science,Engineering,and Medicine(NASEM)roundtable on Aligning research Incentives for OS is one such *** paper examines the strategy behind convening the roundtable,its current participant makeup,focus,and *** also explores how this approach might be expanded and adapted throughout the global OS community.

关键词： research assessment Incentives Open Science NASEM roundtable

Scattering and diffraction of plane P-waves in a 2-D elastic half-space Ⅱ：shallow arbitrary shaped canyon

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2017年第3期16卷 459-485页

作者： heather P.Brandow Vincent Lee Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles 90089 United States

Scattering and Diffraction of elastic in-plane P-and SV-waves by a surface topography such as an elastic canyon at the surface of a half-space is a classical problem which has been studied by earthquake engineers and strong-motion seismologists for over forty years. The case of out-of-plane SH waves on the same elastic canyon that is semi-circular in shape on the half-space surface is the first such problem that was solved by analytic closed form solutions over forty years ago by Trifunac. The corresponding case of in-plane P-and SV-waves on the same circular canyon is a much more complicated problem because, the in-plane P-and SV-scattered waves have different wave speeds and together they must have zero normal and shear stresses at the half-space surface. It is not until recently in 2014 that analytic solution for such problem is found by the author in the work of Lee and Liu. This paper uses the technique of Lee and Liu of defining these stress-free scattered waves to solve the problem of the scattered and diffraction of these in-plane waves on an almost-circular surface canyon that is arbitrary in shape.

关键词： diffraction elastic P-waves SV-waves weighted-residual method arbitrary-shaped canyon

Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer’s disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第2期12卷 496-510页

作者： Benjamin r.Troutwine Laylan Hamid Colton r.Lysaker Taylor A.Strope heather M.Wilkins Department of Neurology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas CityKS 66160USA University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center Kansas CityKS 66160USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA

Genetic variation in apolipoprotein E(APOE)influences Alzheimer’s disease(AD)***ε4 alleles are the strongest genetic risk factor for late onset sporadic *** AD risk is dose dependent,as those carrying one APOEε4 allele have a 2-3-fold increased risk,while those carrying twoε4 alleles have a 10-15-fold increased *** carrying APOEε2 alleles have lower AD risk and those carrying APOEε3 alleles have neutral *** is a lipoprotein which functions in lipid transport,metabolism,and inflammatory *** specific effects of APOE within the brain include alterations to Aβ,tau,neuroinflammation,and *** we review the association of APOE with AD,the APOE isoform specific effects within brain and periphery,and potential therapeutics.

关键词： Apolipoprotein E Alzheimer’s disease Mitochondria Neuroinflammation Amyloid beta Tau

Early stages of non-classic crystal growth

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第12期54卷 1867-1876页

作者： GrEEr heather F. EaStChem School of ChemistryUniversity of St Andrews

Investigation of early stages of crystal growth revealed that crystal growth in some systems may not follow the classic *** the early stages of inorganic crystal growth,precursor molecules and/or nanocrystallites may aggregate into large and disordered particles with the assistance of some polymers or *** crystallization of these aggregates would then take place to form shells with high crystallinity and density,followed by an extension of the crystallization from surface to *** so-called reversed crystal growth mechanism has been found in crystallization of several inorganic compounds including zeolites,perovskites,metals and metal oxides,and will be identified in more material *** establishment of this new crystal growth route gave us more freedom to control the morphology of crystals and to understand the formation mechanism of many natural *** article gives a brief review of the recent research in this field by featuring some typical examples of the reversed crystal growth.

关键词： reversed crystal growth hollow crystals core-shell particles electron microscopy

User-friendly finite element design of main entries, barrier pillars,and bleeder entries

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第1期28卷 3-10页

作者： William G.Pariseau Mark K.Larson heather E.Lawson Douglas r.Tesarik Department of Mining Engineering University of Utah Spokane Mining research Division NIOSH

This contribution describes development and application of a user-friendly finite element program,UT3PC, to address three important problems in underground coal mine design:(1) safety of main entries,(2) barrier pillar size needed for entry protection, and(3) safety of bleeder entries during the advance of an adjacent longwall *** the finite element method is by far the most popular engineering design tool of the digital age, widespread use by the mining community has been impeded by the relatively high cost of and the need for lengthy specialized training in numerical *** of UT3PC overcomes these impediments in three easy ***, a material properties file is prepared for the considered ***, mesh generation is automatic through an interactive process.A third and last step is simply execution of the *** using data from several western coal mines illustrate the ease of using the application for analysis of main entries, barrier pillars, and bleeder entry safety.

关键词： Finite element Coal Mine layout design Main entries Barrier pillars Bleeder entries

Bile acid signaling and biliary functions

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第2期5卷 123-128页

作者： Hannah Jones Gianfranco Alpini heather Francis Baylor Scott & White Digestive Disease research Center Division research Central Texas Veterans Health Care System Department of Medicine Texas A&M University

This review focuses on various components of bile acid signaling in relation to cholangiocytes. Their roles as targets for potential therapies for cholangiopathies are also explored. While many factors are involved in these complex signaling pathways, this review emphasizes the roles of transmembrane G protein coupled receptor(TGr5), farnesoid X receptor(FXr), ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) and the bicarbonate umbrella. Following a general background on cholangiocytes and bile acids,we will expand the review and include sections that are most recently known(within 5–7 years) regarding the field of bile acid signaling and cholangiocyte function. These findings all demonstrate that bile acids influence biliary functions which can, in turn, regulate the cholangiocyte response during pathological events.

关键词： Bile acids Cholangiocytes receptors Signaling

A review of solar type Ⅲ radio bursts

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第7期14卷 773-804页

作者： Hamish Andrew Sinclair reid heather ratcliffe SUPA School of Physics & Astronomy University of GlasgowG12 8QQUnited Kingdom Centre for Space Fusion and AstrophysicsDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of WarwickCV47ALUnited Kingdom

Solar type III radio bursts are an important diagnostic tool in the understanding of solar accelerated electron beams. They are a signature of propagating beams of nonthermal electrons in the solar atmosphere and the solar system. Consequently, they provide information on electron acceleration and transport, and the conditions of the background ambient plasma they travel through. We review the observational properties of type III bursts with an emphasis on recent results and how each property can help identify attributes of electron beams and the ambient background plasma. We also review some of the theoretical aspects of type III radio bursts and cover a number of numerical efforts that simulate electron beam transport through the solar corona and the heliosphere.

关键词： Sun: flares -- Sun: radio radiation -- Sun: X-rays gamma rays -- Sun:particle emission

Mothers overcoming remorse to care for self and baby:An emerging concept

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2022年第4期9卷 529-532,I0004页

作者： heather Lynn Coddington West Virginia University School of Nursing KeyserWVUSA UPMC Western Maryland Health System in Special Care Nursery USA

Objectives:Mothers with substance use disorder(SUD)experience a range of emotions such as feeling ostracized,diminished,and distressed while watching their baby experience withdrawal from *** fully present in the now moment is to trust self to do what is best by moving beyond perceived boundaries to care for self and *** process of concept building arose from nursing practice encounters in a special care nursery(SCN)for babies who experienced withdrawal from ***:Liehr and Smith’s 10-phase concept building approach was used to guide the development of this *** building began with a practice *** emerging concept was named,core qualities identified,and supported through a literature *** middle range theory of uncertainty in illness was chosen to serve as theoretical support for the concept.A model was created to provide clarity on the relationships within the ***:A mini-saga was gathered from a mother in the SCN whose newborn had experienced withdrawal from *** minisaga follows:Due to the baby’s discomfort and judging eyes of the staff,she was unable to mother her *** the baby recovered,she asked for help,comforted her baby,and gained confidence to move beyond perceived boundaries to become the mother she *** perceived boundaries to attend to self and baby is trusting oneself to do what is best in spite of feeling ostracized,diminished,and distressed while watching baby withdraw from ***:This concept provides the perspective of mothers with SUD through intermodernism from experiences in nursing *** Uncertainty in Illness theory further allows practitioners to gain an understanding of the role uncertainty plays in this unique situation.

关键词： Emotions Infant Mothers remorse Trust Uncertainty Substance-related disorders