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Review: update on performance assessment and monitoring systems for ophthalmologists

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第1期9卷 24-33页

作者： heather G.Mack Centre for Eye Research Australia University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

Performance assessment and monitoring systems are the process by which ophthalmologists demonstrate they are fit to continue *** is the process by which licensed doctors are legally required to demonstrate to medical regulators that they are up to date and fit to practice in order to maintain their medical license,and began in the United Kingdom(UK)in 2012 following well-publicized *** is a different process which began in North America and demonstrates doctors have maintained competence,without involvement of external *** for and against the concept of performance assessment are *** in performance assessment,whether part of the process or not,are doctors themselves,peers and other health care providers,patients,hospitals and health systems,medical regulators,and health policy *** models of performance assessment included portfolios,credit accumulation,and closed-book *** are in evolution with the value of formative rather than summative assessments,and the need for methods of assessing procedural competency increasingly *** methods of performance assessment of practicing ophthalmologists include use of performance indicators,simulation,and workplace-based *** methods of assuring the public by improved detection of outliers are *** weak evidence supporting performance assessments in demonstrating continuing competency to practice,the process is gradually being accepted *** research into optimum methods of performance assessment and monitoring processes is required,along with cost-benefit analysis.

关键词： Performance assessment revalidation recertification maintenance of competency relicensure

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璀璨新篇章格拉斯哥巴勒珍藏馆

室内设计与装修 2023年第6期 64-69页

作者： Paul East Chris Ravenscroft heather macey Katherine Watts Tom Roberts Paddy Pugh Hannah Lawson Hufton+Crow(摄影) 沙漏(编译) 约翰麦克斯兰与合伙人建筑事务所不详

巴勒珍藏馆(The Burrell Collection)是欧洲最好的博物馆之一,也是为数不多被列入苏格兰A类文化遗产建筑清单的战后建筑之一。馆内收藏了9000件非凡的艺术品,时间跨度达6000年。这些丰富多样的藏品,是由航运商人、艺术品收藏家和慈善家... 详细信息

巴勒珍藏馆(The Burrell Collection)是欧洲最好的博物馆之一,也是为数不多被列入苏格兰A类文化遗产建筑清单的战后建筑之一。馆内收藏了9000件非凡的艺术品,时间跨度达6000年。这些丰富多样的藏品,是由航运商人、艺术品收藏家和慈善家威廉布瑞尔爵士(1861-1958)捐赠给格拉斯哥市的。1983年,这些藏品被安置在一栋备受推崇的博物馆建筑中,该建筑由3位年轻的剑桥建筑师和学者巴里加森(Barry Gasson)、布里特安德烈森(Brit Andre;sen)和约翰穆尼耶(John Meunier)共同设计建造。

关键词：博物馆建筑安德烈巴勒格拉斯哥藏品丰富多样慈善家

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Lack of evidence for germline WWP1 pathogenic variants in gastrointestinal polyposis and other phenotypes suggestive of PTEN-hamartoma-tumor syndrome

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 524-527页

作者： Noemi Gonzalez-Abuin Tirso Pons Teresa Fuster Isabel Quintana Mariona Terradas Gemma Aiza Joan Brunet Gabriel Capellá heather Hampel Laura Valle Hereditary Cancer Program Catalan Institute of OncologyOncobell ProgramIDIBELLHospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08908Spain Department of Immunology and Oncology National Center for BiotechnologySpanish National Research Council (CNB-CSIC)Madrid 28049Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC) Madrid 28029Spain Catalan Institute of Oncology IDIBGiGirona 17007Spain Division of Clinical Cancer Genomics Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutic ResearchCity of Hope National Cancer CenterDuarteCA 91010USA

Germline activating variants in WWP1,which encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase that antagonizes PTEN tumor suppressive function,have been proposed as an alternative mechanism of PTEN inactivation in PTEN-hamartoma-tumor syndrome(PHTS)-like patients with wildtype PTEN.1 More specifically,heterozygous,potentially activating wwP1 variants were first identified by Lee et al in patients affected with gastrointestinal oligopolyposis,including adenomatous,hyperplastic/serrated,and hamartomatous polyps,and occasionally with colorectal cancer(Table 1).Subsequently,based on the PHTS phenotypic features,wWP1 mutational screening was performed in patients with thyroid nodules,2 or normocephalic autism spectrum disorder(ASD),3 where germline WWP1 variants were also identified(Table S1).

关键词： WWP1 gastrointestinal polyposis

Determining future high speed rail review topics through bibliometric analysis

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High-Speed Railway 2024年第1期2卷 17-29页

作者： heather Steele Marcelo Blumenfeld Paul Plummer Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education School of Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

As High Speed Rail(HSR)has proliferated globally,so has a related research field dedicated to exploring and addressing its unique ***,studies to understand and classify the HSR research domain are *** paper addresses the gap,using bibliometric analysis to identify future research areas and 20 candidate topics for literature review based on keyword analysis through *** and review papers related to HSR published in the last 20 years(2003-2022)were retrieved from Scopus,and then analyzed to determine the split in knowledge between languages,the collaboration between countries and institutions,highly productive and cited journals,and research topics which have and have not been *** 30%of the search results were published exclusively in Chinese,highlighting the importance of extending the evaluation to cover both *** is a novel aspect of the work,which has enabled the recognition of potential knowledge *** is recommended that future reviews incorporate works in both languages,possibly through international *** in China and other countries that are strong collaborators have been identified,as well as relevant,highly cited journals.

关键词： High speed rail Literature review Bibliometric analysis Vosviewer Keyword co-occurrence

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Disparate outcomes in Hispanic patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease/steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes: Large cohort study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 886-897页

作者： Joseph Matthew Gosnell George Golovko Esteban Arroyave Akshata Moghe Michael L Kueht Omar AbdulSaldarriaga Kevin H McKinney heather L Stevenson Monique R Ferguson Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Pharmacology&Toxicology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Center for Tropical Diseases Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States

BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)are a growing health burden across a significant portion of the global patient ***,these conditions seem to have disparate rates and outcomes between different ethnic *** combination of MASLD/MASH and type 2 diabetes increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and Hispanic patients experience the greatest burden,particularly those in South *** To compare outcomes between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients in the United States,while further focusing on the Hispanic population within Southeast Texas to determine whether the documented disparity in outcomes is a function of geographical circumstance or if there is a more widespread reason that all clinicians must account for in prognostic *** This cohort analysis was conducted with data obtained from TriNetX,LLC(“TriNetX”),a global federated health research network that provides access to deidentified medical records from healthcare organizations *** cohort networks were used:University of Texas Medical Branch(UTMB)hospital and the United States national database collective to determine whether disparities were related to geographic regions,like Southeast *** This study findings revealed Hispanics/Latinos have a statistically significant higher occurrence of HCC,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in both the United States and the UTMB Hispanic/Latino *** mortality in Hispanics/Latinos was lower within the United States group and not statistically elevated in the UTMB *** This would appear to support that Hispanic patients in Southeast Texas are not uniquely affected compared to the national Hispanic population.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis Hispanic Diabetes mellitus TriNetX Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Steatotic liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma

Tree structure and diversity shape the biomass of primary temperate mountain forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 568-579页

作者： Dheeraj Ralhan Ruffy Rodrigo heather Keith Annemiek Irene Stegehuis Jakob Pavlin Yumei Jiang Milos Rydval Juliana Nogueira Alexandre Fruleux Marek Svitok Martin Mikolas Daniel Kozak Martin Dusatko Pavel Janda Oleh Chaskovsky Catalin-Constantin Roibu Miroslav Svoboda Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesKamycka 129Suchdol16521 Praha 6Czech Republic Department of Forest Science Biliran Province State UniversityBiliran6549Philippines Griffith Climate Action Beacon Griffith UniversityParklands DriveSouthportGold CoastQueensland4222Australia Laboratoire de Geologie IPSLCNRSUMR 8538Ecole Normale SuperieurePSL UniversityParisFrance Univ.Lille Institut Mines-TelecomUniv.ArtoisJuniaULR 4515LGCgELaboratoire de Genie Civil et Geo-EnvironnementF-59000LilleFrance Department of Biology and General Ecology Faculty of Ecology and Environmental SciencesTechnical University in ZvolenMasaryka 2496001ZvolenSlovakia Institute of Forest Management Ukrainian National Forestry UniversityLvivUkraine Forest Biometrics Laboratory–Faculty of Forestry Stefan Cel Mare University of SuceavaUniversitații Street Number.13Suceava720229Romania

Primary forests are spatially diverse terrestrial ecosystems with unique characteristics,being naturally regenerative and heterogeneous,which supports the stability of their carbon storage through the accumulation of live and dead ***,little is known about the interactions between biomass stocks,tree genus diversity and structure across a temperate montane primary ***,we investigated the relationship between tree structure(variability in basal area and tree size),genus-level diversity(abundance,tree diversity)and biomass stocks in temperate primary mountain forests across Central and Eastern *** used inventory data from726 permanent sample plots from mixed beech and spruce across the Carpathian *** used nonlinear regression to analyse the spatial variability in forest biomass,structure,and genus-level diversity and how they interact with plot-level tree age,disturbances,temperature and *** found that the combined effects of genus and structural indices were important for addressing the variability in biomass across different spatial *** processes in disturbance regimes and uneven tree age support forest hete rogeneity and the accumulation of live and dead biomass through the natural regeneration,growth and decay of the forest *** complexities in basal area index,supporte d by genus-level abundance,positively influence total biomass stocks,which was modulated by tree age and *** forests showed higher tree density and basal area than mixed beech forests,though mixed beech still contributes significantly to biomass across *** heterogeneity was strongly influenced by complexities in forest composition(tree genus diversity,structure).We addressed the importance of primary forests as stable carbon stores,achieved through structure and *** such ecosystems is critical for ensuring the stability of the primary forest,carbon store and biodiversity into the future.

关键词： Biodiversity indicators Biomass carbon stock Ecosystem functioning Forest composition Primary forest structure Tree size distribution

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Lean body mass index is a marker of advanced tumor features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 393-404页

作者： Andrew Scott deLemos Jing Zhao Milin Patel Banks Kooken Karan Mathur Hieu Minh Nguyen Areej Mazhar Maggie McCarter heather Burney Carla Kettler Naga Chalasani Samer Gawrieh Department of Medicine Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States Department of Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Center for Health System Sciences(CHASSIS) Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

BACKGROUND Obesity is an independent risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and may influence its ***,after diagnosis of HCC,like other malignancies,the obesity paradox may exist where higher body mass index(BMI)may in fact confer a survival *** is frequently observed in patients with advanced HCC and cirrhosis,who often present late with advanced tumor features and cancer related weight *** To explore the relationship between BMI and survival in patients with cirrhosis and *** This is a retrospective cohort study of over 2500 patients diagnosed with HCC between 2009-2019 at two United States academic medical *** and tumor characteristics were extracted manually from medical records of each institutions'cancer *** were stratified according to BMI classes:30 kg/m^(2)(obese).Patient and tumor characteristics were compared according to BMI *** performed an overall survival analysis using Kaplan Meier by the three BMI classes and after adjusting for Milan criteria.A multivariable Cox regression model was then used to assess known risk factors for survival in patients with cirrhosis and *** A total of 2548 patients with HCC were included in the analysis of which 11.2%(n=286)were classified as *** three main BMI categories:Lean(n=754),overweight(n=861),and obese(n=933)represented 29.6%,33.8%,and 36.6%of the total population *** each BMI class,the non-cirrhotic patients accounted for 15%(n=100),12%(n=94),and 11%(n=92),*** patients with a BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2)(n=52)were included in the lean *** the obese cohort,42%(n=396)had a BMI≥35 kg/m^(2).Out of 2262 patients with cirrhosis and HCC,654(29%)were lean,767(34%)were overweight,and 841(37%)were *** three BMI classes did not differ by age,MELD,or Child-Pugh *** hepatitis C was the dominant etiology in lea

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Obesity Body mass index class Sarcopenia Chronic hepatitis C