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Schizophrenia-associated microRNA–Gene Interactions in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2019年第6期17卷 623-634页

作者： Danielle m.Santarelli Adam P.Carroll heath m.cairns Paul A.Tooney murray J.cairns School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Centre for Brain and mental Health Research Hunter Medical Research InstituteNewcastleNSW 2305Australia

Schizophrenia-associated anomalies in gene expression in postmortem brain can be attributed to a combination of genetic and environmental influences. Given the small effect size of common variants, it is likely that we may only see the combined impact of some of these at the pathway level in small postmortem studies. At the gene level, however, there may be more impact from common environmental exposures mediated by influential epigenomic modifiers, such as microRNA(miRNA). We hypothesise that dysregulation of miRNAs and their alteration of gene expression have significant implications in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In this study, we integrate changes in cortical gene and miRNA expression to identify regulatory interactions and networks associated with the disorder. Gene expression analysis in post-mortem prefrontal dorsolateral cortex(BA 46)(n = 74 matched pairs of schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and control samples)was integrated with miRNA expression in the same cohort to identify gene–miRNA regulatory networks. A significant gene–miRNA interaction network was identified, including miR-92 a, miR-495,and miR-134, which converged with differentially expressed genes in pathways involved in neurodevelopment and oligodendrocyte function. The capacity for miRNA to directly regulate gene expression through respective binding sites in BCL11 A, PLP1, and SYT11 was also confirmed to support the biological relevance of this integrated network model. The observations in this study support the hypothesis that mi RNA dysregulation is an important factor in the complex pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

关键词： Schizophrenia microRNA Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Network Neuropathology

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Contemporary and Historic Population Structure of Abies spectabilis at Treeline in Barun Valley,Eastern Nepal Himalaya

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Journal of mountain Science 2015年第3期12卷 558-570页

作者： Parveen Kumar CHHETRI David m.cairns Department of Geography Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station

Treeline ecotone dynamics of Abies spectabilis （D. Don） mirb. in the Barun valley, makalu Barun National Park, eastern Nepal Himalaya were studied by establishing seven plots （20 m x variable length） from the foresfline to the tree species limit： three plots on the south- and north-facing slopes each （S1-S3, N1-N3）, and one plot on the east- facing slope （E） in the relatively undisturbed forests. A dendroecological method was used to study treeline advance rate and recruitment pattern. In all the plots, most trees established in the early 20th century, and establishment in the second half of the 20th century was confined to the foresfline area. Treeline position has not advanced substantially in the Barun valley, with 0nly 22 m average elevational shift in the last 13o years, and with average current shifting rate of 14 cm/yr. moreover, no significant relationship was found between tree age and elevation on the south-, north-, and east-facing slopes. The number of seedlings and saplings in near the treeline area was negligible compared to that near the foresfline area. Therefore, A. spectabilis treeline response to the temperature change was slow, despite the increasing temperature trend in the region. Beside the temperature change, factors such as high inter-annual variability in temperature, dense shrub cover, and local topography also play an important role in treeline advance and controlling recruitment pattern above the treeline.

关键词： Climate change Treeline ecotone Treeline advance Recruitment pattern

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Dendroclimatic response of Abies spectabilis at treeline ecotone of Barun Valley, eastern Nepal Himalaya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第5期27卷 1163-1170页

作者： Parveen Kumar Chhetri David m.cairns Department of Geography Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843-3147USA

A dendroclimatic study was conducted in the treeline ecotone of Barun Valley, eastern Nepal, to determine the tree-ring climate response and ring width trend of Abies spectabilis. A 160-year-old chronology, from 1850 to 2010, was developed from 38 tree-ring samples. No higher growth in recent decades was observed in tree-ring width in this area. The mean temperature of the current year in February and in the combined winter months of December, January, and February showed significant positive correlation with tree-ring width, although no significant correlation was found between tree-ring width and the precipitation pattern of the region. This tree-ring climate response result is different from that in other studies in Nepal, which could be attributed to location and elevation.

关键词： spectabilis Dendroclimatology Treeline ecotone Abies Climate response Tree-ring width

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Topography and human disturbances are major controlling factors in treeline pattern at Barun and manang area in the Nepal Himalaya

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Journal of mountain Science 2017年第1期14卷 119-127页

作者： Parveen K.CHHETRI Krishna B.SHRESTHA David m.cairns Department of Geography Texas A&M University College Station TX 77840 USA UiB Global Jekteviksbakken 31 PO Box 7800 5020 Bergen Norway

The alpine treeline ecotone is an important component of mountain ecosystems of the Nepal Himalaya; it plays a vital role in the livelihood of indigenous people,and provides ecosystem services. However,the region faces a problem of paucity of data on treeline characteristics at the regional and landscape scales. Therefore,we used Remote Sensing(RS),and Geographic Information Science(GIS) approaches to investigate cross-scale interactions in the treeline ecotone. Additionally,European Space Agency land cover map,International Center for Integrated mountain Development(ICImOD) land cover map,ecological map of Nepal,and United States Geological Survey Shuttle Radar Topography mission-Digital Elevation model were used to analyze treeline pattern at the regional scale. Digital Globe high-resolution satellite imagery of Barun(eastern Nepal) and manang(central Nepal) were used to study treeline patterns at the landscape scale. Treeline elevation ranges from 3300-4300 m above sea level. Abies spectabilis,Betula utilis,and Pinus wallichiana are the main treeline-forming species in the Nepal Himalaya. There is an east to west treeline elevationgradient at the regional scale. No slope exposure is observed at the regional scale; however,at the landscape scale,slope exposure is present only in a disturbed area(manang). Topography and human disturbance are the main treeline controlling factor in Barun and manang respectively.

关键词： Alpine Treeline mountain ecosystem Himalaya Remote Sensing(RS) Geographic Information Science(GIS)

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Relationship between single and bulk mechanical properties for zeolite ZSm5 spray-dried particles

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Particuology 2014年第3期12卷 130-138页

作者： m.marigo D.L.cairns J.Bowen A.Ingram E.H.Stitt Johnson matthey Technology Centre P.O.Box 1Belasis AvenueBillinghamCleveland TS23 1LBUnited Kingdom Centre for Formulation Engineering Chemical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringThe University of BirminghamB15 2TTUnited Kingdom

In this work typical mechanical properties for a catalyst support material, ZSm5 （a spray-dried granular zeolite）, have been measured in order to relate the bulk behaviour of the powder material to the single particle mechanical properties. Particle shape and size distribution of the powders, determined by laser diffraction and scanning electron microscopy （SEm）, confirmed the spherical shape of the spray-dried particles. The excellent flowability of the material was assessed by typical methods such as the Hausner ratio and the Cart index, This was confirmed by bulk measurements of the particle-particle internal friction parameter and flow function using a Schulze shear cell, which also illustrated the low compressibility of the material. Single particle compression was used to characterize single particle mechanical properties such as reduced elastic modulus and strength from Hertz contact mechanics theory. Comparison with surface properties obtained from nanoindentation suggests heterogeneity, the surface being harder than the core. In order to evaluate the relationship between single particle mechanical properties and bulk compression behaviour, uniaxial confined compression was carried out. It was determined that the Adams model was suitable for describing the bulk compression and furthermore that the Adams model parameter, apparent strength of single particles, was in good agreement with the single particle strength determined from single particle compression test.

关键词： Zeolite particle Flowability Powder flow function Effective angle of internal friction Schulze shear cell Nanoindentation Single particle compression Bulk compression

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Counting rational points on cubic curves

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Science China mathematics 2010年第9期53卷 2259-2268页

作者： heath-BROWN Roger TESTA Damiano mathematical Institute University of OxfordOxfordUK

We prove upper bounds for the number of rational points on non-singular cubic curves defined over the *** bounds are uniform in the curve and involve the rank of the corresponding *** method used in the proof is a com... 详细信息

关键词： cubic curves rational points counting function elliptic curves determinant method m-descent

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A matched-pair analysis of laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: oncological outcomes using Leeds Pathology Protocol

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第4期13卷 435-441页

作者： Abdul R Hakeem Caroline S Verbeke Alison cairns Amer Aldouri Andrew m Smith Krishna V menon Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery St James's University Hospital NHS TrustLeeds Teaching Hospitals Beckett street Leeds LS9 7TF United Kingdom Division of Pathology Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Histopathology St James's University Hospital NHS TrustLeeds Teaching Hospitals Beckett street Leeds LS9 7TF United Kingdom

BACKGROUND： Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy（LPD）is a safe procedure. Oncological safety of LPD is still a matter for debate. This study aimed to compare the oncological outcomes,in terms of adequacy of resection and recurrence rate following LPD and open pancreaticoduodenectomy（OPD）.mETHODS： Between November 2005 and April 2009, 12LPDs（9 ampullary and 3 distal common bile duct tumors）were performed. A cohort of 12 OPDs were matched for age,gender, body mass index（BmI） and American Society of Anesthesiologists（ASA） score and tumor ***： mean tumor size LPD vs OPD（19.8 vs 19.2 mm,P=0.870）. R0 resection was achieved in 9 LPD vs 8 OPD（P=1.000）. The mean number of metastatic lymph nodes and total number resected for LPD vs OPD were 1.1 vs 2.1（P=0.140）and 20.7 vs 18.5（P=0.534） respectively. Clavien complications grade I/II（5 vs 8）, III/IV（2 vs 6） and pancreatic leak（2 vs 1）were statistically not significant（LPD vs OPD）. The mean high dependency unit（HDU） stay was longer in OPD（3.7 vs 1.4 days,P〈0.001）. There were 2 recurrences each in LPD and OPD（logrank,P=0.983）. Overall mortality for LPD vs OPD was 3 vs 6（log-rank, P=0.283） and recurrence-related mortality was 2 vs *** was one death within 30 days in the OPD group secondary to severe sepsis and none in the LPD ***： Compared to open procedure, LPD achieved a similar rate of R0 resection, lymph node harvest and longterm recurrence for tumors less than 2 cm. Though technically challenging, LPD is safe and does not compromise oncological outcome.

关键词： pancreaticoduodenectomy minimally invasive laparoscopic open oncological outcomes resection margins pathology

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Taxon sampling and the accuracy of phylogenetic analyses

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植物分类学报 2008年第3期46卷 239-257页

作者： Tracy A. heath Shannon m. HEDTKE David m. HILLIS Section of lntegrative Biology and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics One University Station C0930 The University of Texas Austin TX 78712 USA

Appropriate and extensive taxon sampling is one of the most important determinants of accurate phylogenetic estimation. In addition, accuracy of inferences about evolutionary processes obtained from phyloge-netic analyses is improved significantly by thorough taxon sampling efforts. many recent efforts to improve phylogenetic estimates have focused instead on increasing sequence length or the number of overall characters in the analysis, and this often does have a beneficial effect on the accuracy of phylogenetic analyses. However, phylogenetic analyses of few taxa (but each represented by many characters) can be subject to strong systematic biases, which in turn produce high measures of repeatability (such as bootstrap proportions) in support of incor-rect or misleading phylogenetic results. Thus, it is important for phylogeneticists to consider both the sampling of taxa, as well as the sampling of characters, in designing phylogenetic studies. Taxon sampling also improves estimates of evolutionary parameters derived from phylogenetic trees, and is thus important for improved applica-tions of phylogenetic analyses. Analysis of sensitivity to taxon inclusion, the possible effects of long-branch attraction, and sensitivity of parameter estimation for model-based methods should be a part of any careful and thorough phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, recent improvements in phylogenetic algorithms and in computa-tional power have removed many constraints on analyzing large, thoroughly sampled data sets. Thorough taxon sampling is thus one of the most practical ways to improve the accuracy of phylogenetic estimates, as well as the accuracy of biological inferences that are based on these phylogenetic trees.

关键词：动物物种分类方法取样方法

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Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week:An analysis with 707,616 adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Raphael H.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Clarice L.martins Luciana L.Barboza Rafael m.Tassitano Nicolas Aguilar-Farias Gilmar m.Jesus Robinson Ramírez-Véelez Riki Tesler Adewale L.Oyeyemi Ellen C.m.Silva Robert G.Weaver mark S.Tremblay Javier Brazo-Sayavera Grégore I.mielke Danilo R.P.Silva Graduation Program in Health Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program in Physical Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Department of Physical Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Department of Health State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Health management Department Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnold School of Public Health University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Health Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Sports and Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Department of Physical Education

Background:Guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(mVPA).However,using only this cut-off could hide important *** instance,from a population-level point of view,increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate ***,including a more sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity ***,the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of≥60 min of mVPA≥1 days per week among adolescents globally,and to describe any relevant gender ***:We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years old)and older(>14 years old)*** Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in≥60 min of mVPA≥1 days per week between boys and girls,and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled *** were stratified by country and ***:Approximately 80%of both younger and older adolescents reported≥60 min of mVPA≥1 days per *** prevalence was≥94%in Europe and Central Asia and North America,while the estimates for the other regions weremin of mVPA≥1 days per week was higher among boys than girls,with the largest differences occurring among the oldest adolescents(Prevalence ratio_(≤14y)=1.04(95%confidence interval(95%CI)):1.03-1.04)*** ratio_(>14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating≥60 min of mVPA≥1 days per week,with notable differences between *** differences were observed in several countries,especially among the oldest *** fo

关键词： Global School-based Student Health Survey Health Behaviour Among School-aged Children survey Inequality Surveillance Youth

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Selective Activation of Intrinsic Cohesive Elements

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Journal of Applied mathematics and Physics 2014年第12期2卷 1061-1068页

作者： Kyeongsik Woo William m. Peterson Douglas S. cairns School of Civil Engineering Chungbuk National University Cheongju Chungbuk Korea Department of mechanical & Industrial Engineering Montana State University Bozeman MT USA

In this paper, a selective activation strategy is studied in order to alleviate the issue of added compliance in the intrinsic cohesive zone model applied to arbitrary crack propagation. This strategy proceeds by first inserting cohesive elements between bulk elements and subsequently tying the duplicated nodes across the interface using controllable multi-point constraints before the analysis begins. Then, during the analysis, a part of the multi-point constraints are selectively released, thereby reactivating the corresponding cohesive elements and allowing cracks to initiate and propagate along the bulk element boundaries. The strategy is implemented in Abaqus/Standard using a user-defined multi-point constraint subroutine. Analysis results indicate that the strategy significantly alleviates the added compliance problem and reduces the computation time.

关键词： Intrinsic CZm Arbitrary Crack Propagation Added Compliance Selective Activation multi-Point Constraint

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