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马红学主任医师论治功能性便秘临证经验

广西中医药 2024年第2期47卷 60-62页

作者：张雪何倩马红学(指导) 山西中医药大学山西太原030024 不详

功能性便秘是临床常见的消化系统疾病,其发病机制较为复杂,西医对其治疗多采用泻剂以对症治疗,时有不良反应发生,且复发率较高。中医治疗疾病注重整体调节,遵循辨证施治的理念。马红学主任医师临床治疗功能性便秘经验丰富,认为便秘的发... 详细信息

功能性便秘是临床常见的消化系统疾病,其发病机制较为复杂,西医对其治疗多采用泻剂以对症治疗,时有不良反应发生,且复发率较高。中医治疗疾病注重整体调节,遵循辨证施治的理念。马红学主任医师临床治疗功能性便秘经验丰富,认为便秘的发生与肝脾肺三脏联系密切,治疗时从整体出发,肝、脾、肺三脏同调,在临床中取得较好疗效。文章总结马红学主任医师治疗功能性便秘的经验,以期为功能性便秘的治疗提供一定的参考。

关键词：功能性便秘肝脾肺同调临床经验马红学

121株金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株的分子流行病学及遗传学特征

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中华医院感染学杂志 2024年第3期34卷 321-326页

作者：何倩常文娇黄开泉张士杰安徽中医药大学第一附属医院医院感染管理科安徽合肥230031 中国科学技术大学附属第一医院检验科安徽合肥230001 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院医院临床研究实验中心安徽合肥230031

目的研究临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌株的分子及遗传学特征.方法收集中国科学技术大学附属第一医院及安徽中医药大学第一附属医院2018-2019年临床检出的非重复金黄色葡萄球菌121株,检测其δ溶血、mecA基因、Agr系统分型、Spa分型等,并对me... 详细信息

目的研究临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌株的分子及遗传学特征.方法收集中国科学技术大学附属第一医院及安徽中医药大学第一附属医院2018-2019年临床检出的非重复金黄色葡萄球菌121株,检测其δ溶血、mecA基因、Agr系统分型、Spa分型等,并对mec A基因阳性菌株进行SCCmec分型.结果121株金黄色葡萄球菌中有甲氧西林耐药菌株(MRSA)67株,甲氧西林敏感菌株(MSSA)54株;MRSA菌株主要携带Ⅲ型SCCmec元件(18,26.86%)和Ⅳ型SCCmec元件(24,35.82%);Agr系统主要为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型;121株临床菌株中共有Spa类型54种,最为常见的是t437(15,12.40%)和t034(9,7.44%);在12株δ溶血阴性的金黄色葡萄球菌中有11株(91.67%)为MRSA菌株,δ溶血阴性的金黄色葡萄球菌携带的Agr系统类型主要为Ⅱ型(50.00%),携带的SCCmec元件主要为Ⅱ型(占58.33%),δ溶血阴性的金黄色葡萄球菌中共有Spa类型8种,最为常见的是t18363(41.67%).结论本研究阐述了医院分离的金黄色葡萄球菌分子及遗传学特征信息,有助于追踪医院内流行性金黄色葡萄球菌株的出现、传播,并提供对临床感染控制策略.

关键词：金黄色葡萄球菌分子流行病学遗传学特征感染控制

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忆阻器及其存算一体应用研究进展

科技导报 2024年第2期42卷 31-49页

作者：江之行席悦唐建石高滨钱鹤吴华强清华大学集成电路学院集成电路高精尖创新中心北京100084

深度学习的飞速发展带来了巨大的算力需求,然而基于存算分离的“冯·诺依曼架构”的传统硅基芯片面临着“存储墙”等问题,芯片算力增长逐渐陷入瓶颈。为了解决这个矛盾,研究人员从生物大脑的工作模式得到启发,提出了基于忆阻器的存算一... 详细信息

深度学习的飞速发展带来了巨大的算力需求,然而基于存算分离的“冯·诺依曼架构”的传统硅基芯片面临着“存储墙”等问题,芯片算力增长逐渐陷入瓶颈。为了解决这个矛盾,研究人员从生物大脑的工作模式得到启发,提出了基于忆阻器的存算一体架构。这种全新的架构在处理神经网络等任务时在能效和速度上较“冯·诺依曼架构”有望实现几个数量级的提升,是实现超低功耗、超高算力计算芯片的最有潜力的技术路线之一。本文综述了各种类型忆阻器的工作机理与最新进展,对比了国内外研究团队的器件研究进展;综述了基于忆阻器的存算一体芯片在神经网络、信号处理和机器学习等方向的应用演示的研究进展;总结了基于忆阻器的存算一体芯片目前面临的挑战,并提出中国在该领域进一步发展的建议。

关键词：忆阻器类脑计算存算一体:神经网络:信号处理

Assessing the effects of vegetation and precipitation on soil erosion in the Three-River headwaters Region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第5期12卷 865-886页

作者： he qian DAI Xiao'ai CheN Shiqi College of Earth Science Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Foreign Languages and Cultures Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

Soil erosion in the Three-River headwaters Region(TRHR)of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China has a significant impact on local economic development and ecological *** and precipitation are considered to be the main factors for the variation in soil ***,it is a big challenge to analyze the impacts of precipitation and vegetation respectively as well as their combined effects on soil erosion from the pixel *** assess the influences of vegetation and precipitation on the variation of soil erosion from 2005 to 2015,we employed the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)model to evaluate soil erosion in the TRHR,and then developed a method using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index model(LMDI)which can exponentially decompose the influencing factors,to calculate the contribution values of the vegetation cover factor(C factor)and the rainfall erosivity factor(R factor)to the variation of soil erosion from the pixel *** general,soil erosion in the TRHR was alleviated from 2005 to 2015,of which about 54.95%of the area where soil erosion decreased was caused by the combined effects of the C factor and the R factor,and 41.31%was caused by the change in the R *** were relatively few areas with increased soil erosion modulus,of which 64.10%of the area where soil erosion increased was caused by the change in the C factor,and 23.88%was caused by the combined effects of the C factor and the R ***,the combined effects of the C factor and the R factor were regarded as the main driving force for the decrease of soil erosion,while the C factor was the dominant factor for the increase of soil *** area with decreased soil erosion caused by the C factor(12.10×10^3 km^2)was larger than the area with increased soil erosion caused by the C factor(8.30×10^3 km^2),which indicated that vegetation had a positive effect on soil *** study generally put forward a new method for quantitative assessment of the impacts

关键词： soil erosion vegetation cover rainfall erosivity Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index quantitative assessment Three-River headwaters Region

靶向IGF1R mRNA的反义寡核苷酸修饰物新型制剂体外抗肝癌活性研究

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药学学报 2024年第5期59卷 1441-1448页

作者：蒲洋管静何仟一朱月洁潘德林关注杨振军成都中医药大学药学院四川成都611137 北京大学药学院/天然药物及仿生药物全国重点实验室北京100191 贵州中医药大学药学院贵州贵阳550025

反义寡核苷酸是一类靶向沉默mRNA后抑制蛋白翻译的基因疗法,已在多种疾病治疗中应用,但依然缺乏合适的体内递送载体、存在酶稳定性差及使用剂量高等问题。胰岛素样生长因子1型受体(IGF1R)是一种具有酪氨酸激酶活性的细胞表面受体,在多... 详细信息

反义寡核苷酸是一类靶向沉默mRNA后抑制蛋白翻译的基因疗法,已在多种疾病治疗中应用,但依然缺乏合适的体内递送载体、存在酶稳定性差及使用剂量高等问题。胰岛素样生长因子1型受体(IGF1R)是一种具有酪氨酸激酶活性的细胞表面受体,在多种恶性肿瘤中异常高表达,通过多种途径介导肿瘤细胞的恶性增殖、迁移及侵袭。本研究设计合成了靶向IGF1R mRNA的反义寡核苷酸(N04),利用中性胞苷脂材DNCA联合胱氨酸骨架阳离子脂材CLD对其进行包载递送,并结合化学修饰策略(PS,2’-OMOE),得到稳定且高效的反义寡核苷酸修饰物新型制剂。制剂粒径理想(151 nm)、大小均一(多分散系数0.18)、呈近电中性(ζ电位-3.9 mV)、可被肝癌细胞(hepG-2、Huh-7)高效摄取,明显沉默靶mRNA、导致细胞S期阻滞、促进细胞凋亡,进而抑制细胞增殖。本研究为抗肝细胞癌新型反义寡核苷酸制剂药物的研发提供了工作基础。

关键词：反义寡核苷酸中性胞苷脂材胱氨酸骨架阳离子脂材胰岛素样生长因子1型受体肝细胞癌

A micro-array bio detection system based on a GMR sensor with 50-ppm sensitivity

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第8期60卷 217-225页

作者： Cheng ZHU Lei ZHANG Jinwen GENG Xizeng SHI he qian Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University

Bio detection is widely utilized in hospitals and laboratories. However, conventional bio detection methods suffer from long detection time, complex operation, and low sensitivity, and these issues prevent their use in point of care testing(POCT) applications. Microelectronic bio detection methods are proposed to overcome these issues. Bio detection based on a micro-electronic technique allows easy integration of a system, leading to a fast detection speed and simple operation. In this work, a fully microelectronic bio detection system including a sensor design, a read-out strategy, and data processing is proposed based on a GMR biosensor. A GMR sensor chip is designed and different passivation layer thicknesses are tested to improve sensitivity. A 40 nm thickness passivation is realized to produce the largest response without oxidization and breakdown. In order to integrate the read-out circuit and simplify operations, a 4-channel read-out biochip is designed and fabricated, and this exhibits a super-low output noise corresponding to-116.84 d Bm/Hz at the operation frequency. This means that the noise only approximately corresponds to the signal level of five magnetic nanoparticles with a diameter of 200 nm. A reference sensor is also utilized to cancel the unwanted signal and reduce common-mode noise and error to improve sensitivity. Measurements indicate that 90% suppression is achieved. The measurements also reveal that a sensitivity of 50 ppm is achieved with the proposed GMR bio detection system.

关键词： giant magnetoresistance(GMR) biosensor magnetic nanoparticle(MNP) small signal extraction sensitivity

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存算一体技术研究现状

电子学报 2024年第4期52卷 1103-1117页

作者：李嘉宁姚鹏揭路唐建石伍冬高滨钱鹤吴华强清华大学集成电路学院北京100084

冯诺依曼计算机体系结构面临着“存储墙”的瓶颈,阻碍AI(Artificial Intelligence)计算性能提升.存算一体硬件结构打破了“存储墙”的限制,大大提升了AI计算的性能.目前存算一体计算方案已在多种存储介质上得到实现,根据计算信号类型,... 详细信息

冯诺依曼计算机体系结构面临着“存储墙”的瓶颈,阻碍AI(Artificial Intelligence)计算性能提升.存算一体硬件结构打破了“存储墙”的限制,大大提升了AI计算的性能.目前存算一体计算方案已在多种存储介质上得到实现,根据计算信号类型,可以将存算一体计算方案分成数字存算一体方案和模拟存算一体方案.存算一体硬件结构使得AI计算的性能取得巨大提升,然而进一步发展仍面临重大挑战.本文对不同信号域的存算一体方案的进行了对比分析,指出了每一种方案的主要优缺点,也指明了存算一体技术面临的挑战.我们认为,随着工艺集成、器件、电路、架构,软件工具链的跨层次协同研究发展,存算一体技术将在边缘端和云端,为AI计算提供更加强大和高效的算力.

关键词：人工智能存算一体存储介质计算信号类型评价指标

Rapid Thermal Annealing of Si^+-implanted SI-GaAs with Co-implantation of P^+

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Rare Metals 1990年第2期10卷 135-138页

作者： he, qian Chen, Tangsheng Luo, Jinsheng Xi'an Jiaotong Univ China

Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of Si+-implanted SI-GaAs was studied in an annealing system using a halogen lamp heater. Good electrical properties in the activated layers were achieved. The co-implantation of phosphorus (P+) with Si+ into SI-GaAs can improve mobility of the ion implanted layer. Hall mobility of 4600-4700 cm2/V · s and activation efficiencies of 75-85% were obtained. These results are better than those obtained from samples without P+ co-implantation. Deep level transient spectroscopy measurements showed that the number of deep levels and their concentrations decreased. P atoms occupy the As vacancies and enhance the activation efficiency and average Hall mobility. GaAs MESFETs with 0.5 W output power and associated gain of 3.5 dB at 6 GHz were obtained by this method.

关键词： Electric Properties Hall Effect heat Treatment Annealing Semiconductor Devices

Advanced Current Collectors for Alkali Metal Anodes

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2020年第3期36卷 386-401页

作者： CheN Jianyu XU Xin he qian MA Yanwen Kev Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays Jiangsu Key Laboratory for BiosensorsInstitute of Advanced Materials(LAM)Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAK1)Nanjing University of Posts&TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023P.R.China

High-energy-density batteries are in urgent need to solve the ever-increasing energy stroage demand for portable electronic devices,electric vehicles,and renewable solar and wind energy *** metals,typically lithium(Li),sodium(Na)and potassium(K),are considered as the promising anode materials owing to their low electrochemical potential,low density,and high theoretical gravimetric ***,the problem of dendrite growth of alkali metals during their plating/stripping process will lead to low Coulombic efficiencies,a short lifespan and huge volume expansion,eventually hindering their practical *** resolve this issue,a very effective approach is engineering the anodes on structured current *** review summarizes the development of the alkali metal batteries and discusses the recent advances in rational design of anode current ***,the challenges and strategies of suppressing alkali-metal dendrite growth are *** the special attention is paid to the novel current collector design for dendrite-free alkali metal ***,we give conclusions and perspective on the current challenges and future research directions toward advanced anode current collectors for alkali metal batteries.

关键词： High-energy-density battery Alkali metal anode Dendrite growth Growth mechanism Current collector