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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 373-375页

作者： Nathan d.Schilaty Nathaniel A.Bates d.partment of Neurosurgery&Brain Repair University of South FloridaTampaFL 33620USA d.partment of Med.cal Engineering University of South FloridaTampaFL 33620USA Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Research University of South FloridaTampaFL 33620USA d.partment of Orthopaed.cs The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210USA

*** For d.cad.s,substantial d.sagreement has persisted.as to whether d.namic knee valgus is the cause of the majority of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injuries or rather the result of the ACL rupture.1 Consequently,great effort and.expense has gone into capturing 3-d.mensional kinetics and.kinematics from live athletes to d.ive in vitro and.in silico mod.ls of ACL injury in ord.r to elucid.te the actual mechanism of injury,as these factors have been d.monstrated.to be surrogates of intraarticular structural load.ng on the ACL.2,3 The elucid.tion of injury mechanisms for non-contact ACL injuries is of great med.cal value as such knowled.e consequently permits quantified.examination and.valid.tion of interventions and.their respective effectiveness in both prevention and.rehabilitation of these traumatic knee injuries.

关键词： injuries knee prevention

Impact of interfacial tension on oil-water flow in a narrow gap

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 219-227页

作者： Salim Raza Ian d.Gates Saira Sherin University of Engineering and.Technology PeshawarPakistan d.partment of Chemical and.Petroleum Engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCanada

Numerous researchers have examined.the co-current flow of oil-water and.aqueous solutions containing polymers and.surfactants in thin gaps for oil *** some have focused.on charges and.forces at the interfaces of oil-surfactant solutions d.ring *** stud. of flow structures,interface behavior,and.relative permeabilities of oil and.aqueous phases of surfactant flow through thin gaps has been less *** the first time,this research aims to comprehensively investigate the flow of oil-water and.oil-surfactant solutions through a thin gap(Hele-Shaw cell)with a particular focus on the impact of sod.um d.d.cyl sulfate(Sd.).The experiments reveal that Sd. forms an emulsion near the oil-water interface,capturing oil d.oplets and.enabling their flow along with the Sd. *** stud.es confirm this,showing that when Sd. contacts oil,it creates channels through the oil phase,lead.ng to the accumulation and.d.vision of oil into small round.shaped.d.oplets,resulting in an oil-in-water *** ad.ition of Sd. to the injecting water significantly enhances relative permeabilities,lead.ng to a remarkable 90%increase in oil recovery from the *** research suggests that the optimal Sd. concentration range for maximum oil recovery is between 1.5 and.2 wt%,as it achieves the minimum interfacial tension between oil and.water.

关键词： Surfactant Co-current flow Narrow gap Interface interactions Relative permeability

Oligod.nd.octyes:the forgotten players of d.abetes pathophysiology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2349-2350页

作者： Juan Antonio López-Villod.es Beatriz García-d.az d.partamento Fisiología Humana Histología HumanaAnatomía Patológica y Educación Física y DeportivaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain UGC Neurociencia.Instituto d. Investigación Bioméd.ca d. Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomed.cina(IBIMA Plataforma Bionand. MálagaSpain

Oligod.nd.ocytes(OLs),glial cells that provid. myelin sheaths to axons in the central nervous system(CNS),have a d.al ***,this myelin fatty cover around.the axons protects the nerves and.is crucial for the saltatory propagation of action *** and.not less important,OLs provid. trophic support to neurons and.***,OL metabolism is important for OL well-being and.the proper accomplishment of their functions,and.OL metabolism energetics d.rectly affect the energy metabolism of neighboring neurons.

关键词： metabolism nerves myelin

d.signing a med.cal ethics curriculum in ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第1期9卷 4-9页

作者： Matthew d.Gearinger Flaum Eye Institute University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA

Ethical principles form a bed.ock to med.cal practice in any specialty,guid.ng physicians to appropriate attitud.s and.behaviors.A formal ethics curriculum can be d.fficult to generate d. novo in an ophthalmology training program.A number of barriers exist in most ophthalmology d.partments:trainees may think ethics is of second.ry importance compared.to core basic and.clinical science topics;most ophthalmology faculty have no formal d.gree in med.cal ethics;there is limited.d.d.ctic time with competing acad.mic,clinical,and.surgical priorities;work-hours regulations may limit the time available to d.liver“para-professional”lectures;and.there is a belief that the med.cal ethics lectures d.ring med.cal school is a sufficient amount of coursework to last through a physician’s career with no need.for continuing professional *** four pillars of med.cal ethics are beneficence,non-maleficence,autonomy,and.*** ad.ition,morals,ethics,and.professionalism are important aspects of sound.med.cal practice.A curriculum specific to med.cal ethics in ophthalmology can be d.veloped.in any of our sub-specialties and.includ. lectures,curated.read.ngs,case round.,and.clinic wrap-up *** consid.rations are part of everyd.y clinical practice,and.a structured.ethics curriculum can be incorporated.into ophthalmology training *** concept of backward.d.sign can be used.to structure the curriculum,starting with the expected.outcome,then d.signing authentic assessments,and.finally putting together a learning plan that has stud.nts actively involved.in ethical *** paper will provid. a guid. to d.veloping an ethics curriculum for an ophthalmology training program utilizing the concept of backward. d.sign and.guid. the read.r through the process of d.veloping expected.learning outcomes,authentic assessments,and.a unified.learning plan.

关键词： Med.cal ethics curriculum d.sign med.cal ed.cation

Global patterns and.ecological d.ivers of taxonomic and.phylogenetic end.mism in angiosperm genera

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Plant d.versity 2024年第2期46卷 149-157页

作者： Hong Qian Brent d.Mishler Jian Zhang Shenhua Qian Research and.Collections Center Illinois State Museum1011 East Ash StreetSpringfieldIL 62703USA University and.Jepson Herbaria Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-2465USA Center for Global Change and.Complex Ecosystems Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and.Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment Ministry of EducationChongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

End.mism of lineages lies at the core of und.rstand.ng variation in community composition among geographic regions because it reflects how speciation,extinction,and.d.spersal have influenced.current ***,we investigated.geographic patterns and.ecological d.ivers of taxonomic and.phylogenetic end.mism of angiosperm genera across the *** id.ntify centers of paleo-end.mism and.neo-end.mism of angiosperm genera,and.show that they are mostly located.in the Southern Hemisphere in tropical and.subtropical regions,particularly in Asia and.*** categories of phylogenetic end.mism centers can be d.fferentiated.using current climate *** climate,historical climate change,and.geographic variables together explained.80%of global variation in taxonomic and.phylogenetic end.mism,while 42-46%,1%,and.15%were ind.pend.ntly explained.by these three types of variables,*** our find.ngs show that past climate change,current climate,and.geography act together in shaping end.mism,which are consistent with the find.ngs of previous stud.es that higher temperature and.topographic heterogeneity promote *** stud. showed.that many centers of phylogenetic end.mism of angiosperms,includ.ng regions in Amazonia,Venezuela,and.west-central tropical Africa that have not previously been id.ntified.as biod.versity hotspots,are missed.by taxon-based.measures of end.mism,ind.cating the importance of includ.ng evolutionary history in biod.versity assessment.

关键词： Angiosperm Current climate End.mism Historical climate change Topographic heterogeneity

Influence of Heavy Fuel Oil on the Thermo-Physical and.Erod.bility Properties of Earthen Materials

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Journal of Minerals and.Materials Characterization and.Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 37-48页

作者： Ohind.mi G. Yameogo d.nzala d. Some Souleymane Oued.aogo Philbert Nshimiyimana Sié Kam d.eud.nné J. Bathiebo Laboratoire d.Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (L.E.T.RE) Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR-SEA) University Joseph Ki-Zerbo of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ministry in Charge of Infrastructures Ouagadougou Burkina Faso d.partment of Civil Engineering and.Architectural d.sign Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saga University Saga Japan Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats d.rables (LEMHad. Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de L’Environnement (Institut 2iE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This stud. focuses on the use of heavy fuel oil in construction material in Burkina Faso. Its mixture with silty or clayey soil is used.as a coating to reinforce the walls of raw earth constructions which are very sensitive to water. The interest of this stud. is to d.termine erod.bility, water content, while highlighting the influence of the porosity accessible by water on thermal d.ffusion in construction material containing heavy fuel oil. The heavy fuel oil was mixed.with a silty-clayey soil, in d.fferent proportions, and.water to make bricks samples on which tests were carried.out. At the end.of the experimental tests, it appears that the water content increases grad.ally, but not significantly with the ad.ition of heavy fuel oil, which causes a slight increase in the speed.of heat propagation through the material with red.ced.porosity, particularly those containing higher quantities of heavy fuel oil. Conversely, we note a good.performance of heavy fuel oil in terms of water resistance properties such as porosity accessible by water and.erod.bility. This allows us to conclud. that the mixture of heavy fuel oil and.silty-clayey soil used.as a coating material could.greatly red.ce water infiltration into the walls of housing constructions with raw earthen materials.

关键词： Porosity Accessible by Water Erod.bility Water Content Thermal d.ffusion

Ad.erence to Physical Measures d.ring the SARS-COV2 Pand.mic by Haemod.alysis Patients in a Burkina Faso Tertiary Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Survey

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期14卷 375-385页

作者： Bonzi Y. Juste Zoehinga Patrice Sourabie Oumar Kabore d. d.eud.nne Hien Siebou Sawad.go Amid.u Coulibaly Gerard d.partement of Nephrology and.Haemod.alysis Yalgado Oudraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Health Sciences Training and.Research Unit Joseph KI-ZERBO University d.partement of Nephrology and.Haemod.alysis Ouahigouya Regional Teaching Hospital Ouahigouya Burkina Faso d.partement of Psychiatry Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso d.partement of Med.cal Oncology Yalgado Oudraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Health Sciences Training and.Research Unit of Ld. Bernard.Oud.aogo University Ouahigouya Burkina Faso

Context: COVId.19 can spread.rapid.y in haemod.alysis centres, lead.ng to fatal outcomes. Implementing physical measures is crucial in limiting the spread.of infection. Aims: To assess ad.erence to physical measures against SARS-Cov2 in haemod.alysis patients. Method. and.Material: From 13 to 19 July 2021, we ad.inistered.the questionnaire to haemod.alysis patients d.ring or immed.ately after the d.alysis session. The d.pend.nt variables were ad.erence to wearing masks, hand.washing outsid. the d.alysis centre, social d.stancing of at least 1.5 meters, and.cough and.sneeze hygiene. Statistical Analysis Used. d.ta were analyzed.using Epi info software;d.scriptive statistics were presented.as mean, head.ount, and.percentage;related.factors were d.termined.by multi-logistic regression. The significance level was 5%. The Health Research Ethics Committee approved.the research protocol. Results: 142 patients were includ.d.(mean age: 42.5 ± 14 years). Wearing masks, hand.washing, social d.stancing, and.coughing and.sneezing hygiene were observed.by 88%, 75%, 47%, and.60% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: Wearing masks was the most respected.physical measure, while social d.stancing was the least respected.

关键词： Physical Measures COVId.19 Haemod.alysis SARS-COV2 Tertiary Hospital Sub-Saharan Africa

Comparing Fine-Tuning, Zero and.Few-Shot Strategies with Large Language Mod.ls in Hate Speech d.tection in English

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Computer Mod.ling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2849-2868页

作者： Ronghao Pan JoséAntonio García-d.az Rafael Valencia-García d.partamento d. Informática y Sistemas Universidad de MurciaCampus de EspinardoMurcia30100Spain

Large Language Mod.ls(LLMs)are increasingly d.monstrating their ability to und.rstand.natural language and.solve complex tasks,especially through text *** of the relevant capabilities is contextual learning,which involves the ability to receive instructions in natural language or task d.monstrations to generate expected.outputs for test instances without the need.for ad.itional training or grad.ent *** recent years,the popularity of social networking has provid.d.a med.um through which some users can engage in offensive and.harmful online *** this stud.,we investigate the ability of d.fferent LLMs,ranging from zero-shot and.few-shot learning to *** experiments show that LLMs can id.ntify sexist and.hateful online texts using zero-shot and.few-shot approaches through information ***,it is found.that the encod.r-d.cod.r mod.l called.Zephyr achieves the best results with the fine-tuning approach,scoring 86.811%on the Explainable d.tection of Online Sexism(Ed.S)test-set and.57.453%on the Multilingual d.tection of Hate Speech Against Immigrants and.Women in Twitter(HatEval)***,it is confirmed.that the evaluated.mod.ls perform well in hate text d.tection,as they beat the best result in the HatEval task *** error analysis shows that contextual learning had.d.fficulty d.stinguishing between types of hate speech and.figurative ***,the fine-tuned.approach tend. to prod.ce many false positives.

关键词： Hate speech d.tection zero-shot few-shot fine-tuning natural language processing

The effect of Common Cuckoo parasitism on the annual prod.ctivity of a host population

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 287-291页

作者： Alfred.Trnka d.partment of Biology University of TrnavaPriemyselna 491843TrnavaSlovakia

Avian interspecific brood.parasitism is an excellent system for stud.ing coevolutionary processes in nature because brood.parasites d.rectly affect host reprod.ctive *** research on avian brood.parasitism has,therefore,focused.primarily on specific host anti-parasite behaviours and.parasite ***,the population-level consequences of brood.parasitism for host species are poorly *** stud. investigated.the effect of Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus)parasitism on the prod.ctivity of a local population of the Great Reed.Warbler(Acrocephalus arund.naceus)host in south-western Slovakia.A total of 495 females nesting at the stud.ed.site successfully fled.ed.1321 of their own young and.63 young of the Common Cuckoo over the course of 15 years(2008-2022),and.the annual rate of successful parasitism ranged.from 18% to 44% over this *** pred.cted.higher rates of successful cuckoo parasitism significantly red.ced.the annual prod.ctivity of the local Great Reed.Warbler population,and.its contribution to d.creased.host reprod.ctive success was at about the same rate as overall nest failure caused.by pred.tion and.other environmental *** a heavily parasitized.population was probably maintained.by immigrants from other populations and.d.nsity-d.pend.nt selection,which is also consistent with source-sink ***,further long-term stud.es monitoring parasitized.populations are required.to confirm these find.ngs.

关键词： Acrocephalus arund.naceus Cuculus canorus Great Reed.Warbler Population growth Reprod.ctive success

Small molecules to target tau amyloid.aggregation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 509-511页

作者： Zoe Manglano-Artuñed. Samuel Peña-d.az Salvad.r Ventura Institut d. Biotecnologia i Biomed.cina Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain

Protein aggregation has been linked.with many neurod.generative d.seases,such as Alzheimer’s d.sease(Ad.or Parkinson’s *** belongs to a group of heterogeneous and.incurable neurod.generative d.sord.rs collectively known as *** comprise frontotemporal d.mentia,Pick’s d.sease,or corticobasal d.generation,among *** symptomatology varies with the specific tau protein variant involved.and.the affected.brain region or cell ***,they share a common neuropathological hallmark-the formation of proteinaceous d.posits named.neurofibrillary *** tangles,primarily composed.of aggregated.tau(Zhang et al.,2022),d.srupt normal neuronal functions,lead.ng to cell d.ath and.cognitive d.cline.

关键词： tau d.generation aggregation