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Gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic:Manifestations,mechanism and management

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第28期27卷 4504-4535页

作者： Dina zakaria mohamed Mai El-Sayed Ghoneim Sally El-Sayed Abu-Risha Ramy Ahmed Abdelsalam mohamed Abdelhalem Farag Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyTanta UniversityTanta 31511Egypt Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Sadat CityMenoufia 32632Egypt Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityMansoura 35511Egypt Department of Pediatrics Nebru General HospitalNebru 35511Egypt

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is considered the causative pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and has become an international danger to human *** respiratory transmission and symptoms are still the essential manifestations of COVID-19,the digestive system could be an unconventional or supplementary route for COVID-19 to be transmitted and manifested,most likely due to the presence of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)in the gastrointestinal *** addition,SARS-CoV-2 can trigger hepatic injury via direct binding to the ACE2 receptor in cholangiocytes,antibodydependent enhancement of infection,systemic inflammatory response syndrome,inflammatory cytokine storms,ischemia/reperfusion injury,and adverse events of treatment *** symptoms,including anorexia,nausea,vomiting,and diarrhea,which are unusual in patients with COVID-19,and some digestive signs may occur without other respiratory ***,SARS-CoV-2 can be found in infected patients’stool,demonstrating the likelihood of transmission through the fecal-oral *** addition,liver function should be monitored during COVID-19,particularly in more severe *** review summarizes the evidence for extra-pulmonary manifestations,mechanisms,and management of COVID-19,particularly those related to the gastrointestinal tract and liver.

关键词： COVID-19 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Gastrointestinal Inflammatory bowel disease Liver Management

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Outcome of selective CT vs. pan-CT scan in elderly trauma patients: A retrospective cohort study in a level 1 trauma center

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2021年第5期24卷 249-254页

作者： hazem mohamed Kar Teoh Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUnited KingdomUnited Kingdom

There are currently no clear guidelines for use of pan-or selective CT in elderly trauma patients and this subject matter remains *** aim of this study is to compare the outcome of elderly trauma patients in a level 1 trauma centre who required a pan-or selective CT scan on admission.;The Trauma Audit Research Network database was reviewed to identify eligible patients(65 years old and older)over a one-year period,from January 2018 to January ***'demographics,mechanism of injury,injury severity score,length of hospital stay(LOS),mortality and type of CT scans done were recorded.;There were 481 patients with the mean age of 80.8 years were evaluated(48.6%male).Among them 232 cases were multiple injuries while 249 were single system *** 235 patients(48.8%)underwent pan-CT in whom 66.8%were multiple injuries;246(51.1%)did selective CT scan in whom 69.5%were single system *** multiple injury patients,performing a pan-CT scan on presentation was associated with lower LOS compared to those who had a selective CT,in which 76.4%patients spent60 days in pan-CT group compared to 64%in selective CT group(p<0.0001).Performing pan-CT was also associated with lower need to repeat CT(p<0.01).In patients with a single system injury,no differences were found in LOS or the need to repeat CT if either pan-CT or selective CT were requested.;We recommend doing pan-CT scan in all elderly patients with multiple system injuries as it decreases the LOS and the need for another CT during hospital *** difference in LOS or need to repeat another CT if pan-CT or selective CT were requested initially in single system *** age and injury severity score are poor predictors for the need to do pan-CT,the mechanism of injury may be helpful.

关键词： Computed tomography Aged Length of stay Wounds and injuries

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Sequestration of toxic Pb(Ⅱ) ions by chemically treated rubber(Hevea brasiliensis) leaf powder

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第2期22卷 248-256页

作者： Megat Hanafiah Megat Ahmad Kamal Wan Mat Khalir Wan Khaima Azira mohamed Kasmawati zakaria Haslizaidi Wan Ngah Wan Saime Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang26400 JengkaPahangMalaysia Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA40450 Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia School of Chemical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 MindenPenangMalaysia

Rubber leaf powder （an agricultural waste） was treated with potassium permanganate followed by sodium carbonate and its performance in the removal of Pb（II） ions from aqueous solution was evaluated. The interactions between Pb（II） ions and functional groups on the adsorbent surface were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） coupled with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDX）. The effects of several important parameters which can affect adsorption capacity such as pH, adsorbent dosage, initial lead concentration and contact time were studied. The optimum pH range for lead adsorption was 4-5. Even at very low adsorbent dosage of 0.02 g, almost 100% of Pb（II） ions （23 mg/L） could be removed. The adsorption capacity was also dependent on lead concentration and contact time, and relatively a short period of time （60-90 min） was required to reach equilibrium. The equilibrium data were analyzed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms. Based on Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity of lead was 95.3 mg/g. Three kinetic models including pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order and Boyd were used to analyze the lead adsorption process, and the results showed that the pseudo second-order fitted well with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99.

关键词： adsorption isotherm kinetics lead rubber leaf powder

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Relationships among rat numbers,abundance of oil palm fruit and damage levels to fruit in an oil palm plantation

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第2期6卷 130-139页

作者： Chong Leong PUAN Anne W.GOLDIZEN mohamed zakaria Mohd N.HAFIDZI Greg S.BAXTER Faculty of Forestry Putra UniversityMalaysia University of Queensland School of Integrative SystemsGattonQueenslandAustralia University of Queensland School of Biological SciencesSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia Faculty of Agriculture Putra UniversityMalaysia University of Queensland School of GeographyPlanning and Environmental ManagementSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia

The relationships between vertebrate pests and crop damage are often complex and difficult to *** palm oil plantations rodents remain the major pests,causing substantial monetary *** present study examined the numerical and functional responses of rodents to changes in the availability of oil palm fruit and the damage associated with that *** the study,200 traps were set in pairs on a 10×10 trapping grid for 3 consecutive nights in each of 6 study plots at 8-week intervals in a 2569 ha oil palm plantation at Labu,Negeri Sembilan state in Peninsular Malaysia over 14 months.A total of 1292 individual rats were captured over 25200 *** were identified,aged,sexed,weighed and *** index of the relative abundance of rats was calculated based on trapping *** to infructescences was assessed at each trap *** of the age of palms,there were positive and significant relationships between the relative abundance of rats and numbers of *** levels of damage to infructescences were significantly correlated with the relative abundance of rats.A steep increase in damage was observed with an increase in mature infructescences,indicating a feeding preference of rats for mature *** both males and females of all rat species,there were weak and non-significant correlations between body condition and infructescence *** results indicated that there was a numerical and a functional response by rats to the availability of palm fruit and a resulting increase in depredation of oil palm *** ways in which this information might aid in future pest control are discussed.

关键词： body condition index fruit damage numerical response oil palms rodent pest

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Are biopsies during endoscopic ultrasonography necessary for a suspected esophageal leiomyoma?Is laparoscopy always feasible?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第9期11卷 2116-2118页

作者： hazem Beji mohamed Fadhel Chtourou Slim Zribi Yassine Kallel Mahdi Bouassida Hassen Touinsi Department of General Surgery Hospital mohamed Taher Maamouri Nabeul University of Tunis El Manar-Faculty of Medicine of TunisNabeul 8000Tunisia

The present letter to the editor is related to the work entitled“Large leiomyoma of lower esophagus diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography-fine needle aspiration:A case report.”Although endoscopic ultrasonography seems necessary in a suspected leiomyoma of the esophagus,the performance of biopsies via fine needle aspiration is controversial as it increases the risk of complications such as bleeding,infection,and intraoperative *** is the best treatment strategy for small *** with tumor enucleation or esophageal resection can be considered in large leiomyomas.

关键词： Esophageal Leiomyoma Endoscopic ultrasonography Biopsy Surgical resection

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Vital Parameters Assessments of Starvation Tolerance of in vitro Populus alba Culture

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第4期91卷 889-902页

作者： mohamed Fathy Ahmed Eman zakaria Ahmed Salman Aloufi Mohammed Alqurashi Amal Alyamani Eman Fayad Eman Tawfik Hussien Horticulture Department Faculty of AgricultureAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of ScienceHelwan UniversityCairo11795Egypt Department of Biotechnology Faculty of SciencesTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

Populus alba is a large woody deciduous *** plant has been introduced to shooting,then multiplication of rooting on Murashige and Skoog(MS)*** work was designed to estimate the effect of two factors(low levels of 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid NAA and sucrose)on *** response resulting in 6 treatments compared to the control,with twelve measured *** was a significant difference in some measurements in morphology,like plantlets fresh-weight,shoot-,root-length,and leaf *** the physiological measurements,there were significant differences in all the measured *** low concentrations of sucrose and media composition/power(MS grams/L)led to starvation in plants;however,these conditions led to enhancement in some morphological and physiological parameters to overcome the starvation effect,compared to the *** RAPD-PCR molecular marker(four decamers)was used to evaluate the new individuals’genetic variation(instability),resulting in a total polymorphism percentage of 50.83%.It was formerly known that the plantlets were identical to each other and to the mother *** this study,however,the use of distinct media power,hormonal and sucrose levels resulted in molecular variation reflected in ***’s morphological and physiological responses.

关键词： Genetic stability Populus alba RAPD-PCR somaclonal variations starvation

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Updates in the pathophysiological mechanisms of Parkinson's disease: Emerging role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2016年第3期8卷 106-117页

作者： Hanaa H Ahmed Ahmed M Salem hazem M Atta Emad F Eskandar Abdel Razik H Farrag mohamed A Ghazy Neveen A Salem Hadeer A Aglan Department Medical Research Division National Research Centre Biochemistry Department Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Clinical Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Pathology Department Medical Research Division National Research Centre Narcotics Ergogenic aids and Poisons Department Medical Research Division National Research Centre

AIM: To explore the approaches exerted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to improve Parkinson’s disease (PD) ***: MSCs were harvested from bone marrow of femoral bones of male rats, grown and propagated in culture. Twenty four ovariectomized animals were classified into 3 groups: Group (1) was control, Groups (2) and (3) were subcutaneously administered with rotenone for 14 d after one month of ovariectomy for induction of PD. Then, Group (2) was left untreated, while Group (3) was treated with single intravenous dose of bone marrow derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). SRY gene was assessed by PCR in brain tissue of the female rats. Serum transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were assayed by ELISA. Brain dopamine DA level was assayed fluorometrically, while brain tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and nestin gene expression were detected by semi-quantitative real time PCR. Brain survivin expression was determined by immunohistochemical procedure. Histopathological investigation of brain tissues was also ***: BM-MSCs were able to home at the injured brains and elicited significant decrease in serum TGF-β1 (489.7 ± 13.0 vs 691.2 ± 8.0, P 0.05) expression. Finally, the brain sections showed intact histologica

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Pathophysiology Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells Rotenone Anti-inflammatory action Ovariectomy Anti-apoptotic effect Neurogenic potential

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Small for size syndrome difficult dilemma: Lessons from 10 years single centre experience in living donor liver transplantation

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第21期9卷 930-944页

作者： Hany Shoreem Emad Hamdy Gad Hosam Soliman Osama Hegazy Sherif Saleh hazem zakaria Eslam Ayoub Yasmin Kamel Kalid Abouelella Tarek Ibrahim Ibrahim Marawan Hepatobiliary Surgery Department National Liver InstituteMenoufiya Univer-sity Anesthesia Department National Liver InstituteMenoufiya University

AIM To analyze the incidence, risk factors, prevention, treatment and outcome of small for size syndrome(SFSS) after living donor liver transplantation(LDLT). METHODS Through-out more than 10 years: During the period from April 2003 to the end of 2013, 174 adult-to-adults LDLT(A-ALDLT) had been performed at National Liver Institute, Menoufiya University, Shibin Elkoom, Egypt. We collected the data of those patients to do this cohort study that is a single-institution retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database analyzing the incidence, risk factors, prevention, treatment and outcome of SFSS in a period started from the end of 2013 to the end of 2015. The median period of follow-up reached 40.50 m, range(0-144 m). RESULTS SFSS was diagnosed in 20(11.5%) of our recipients. While extra-small graft [small for size graft(SFSG)], portal hypertension, steatosis and left lobe graft were significant predictors of SFSS in univariate analysis(P = 0.00, 0.04, 0.03, and 0.00 respectively); graft size was the only independent predictor of SFSS on multivariate analysis(P = 0.03). On the other hand, there was lower incidence of SFSS in patients with SFSG who underwent splenectomy [4/10(40%) SFSS vs 3/7(42.9%) no SFSS] but without statistical significance, However, there was none significant lower incidence of the syndrome in patients with right lobe(RL) graft when drainage of the right anterior and/or posterior liver sectors by middle hepatic vein, V5, V8, and/or right inferior vein was done [4/10(28.6%) SFSS vs 52/152(34.2%) no SFSS]. The 6-mo, 1-, 3-, 5-, 7-and 10-year survival in patients with SFSS were 30%, 30%, 25%, 25%, 25% and 25% respectively, while, the 6-mo, 1-, 3-, 5-, 7-and 10-year survival in patients without SFSS were 70.1%, 65.6%, 61.7%, 61%, 59.7%, and 59.7% respectively, with statistical significant difference(P = 0.00). CONCLUSION SFSG is the independent and main factor for occurrence of SFSS after A-ALDLT leading to poor outcome. However, the mana

关键词： Living donor liver transplantation Outcome after living donor liver transplantation Small for size syndrome Small for size graft Portal inflow Venous outflow

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The Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Otitis Media in Children under Five Years of Age in Mogadishu, Somalia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2023年第6期12卷 426-443页

作者： Ismail Ali mohamed zakaria Ahmed mohamed Fang Ning Wang Xin Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China

Background: Otitis media (OM) is highly prevalent and is one of the most important causes of preventable hearing loss in developing countries and it may have long-term impacts on the children. Several hospital-based cross-sectional studies have been conducted in East African countries to assess the prevalence of OM;however, no similar studies have been conducted in Somalia. Therefore, we conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study to identify the prevalence and the underlying risk factors of OM among children under the age of five in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2022 to November 2022 at three main hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia. A total of 384 children aged less than 5 years were included. Parents of these children were interviewed with a questionnaire and a clinical examination was performed for each child. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences, SPSS (Version 22, IBM, Inc.), was used for the statistical analysis. Result: The prevalence of otitis media among the 384 children recruited was 31.25% (120/384). Otitis media was significantly associated with age less than one year (P = 0.006), malnutrition (P Conclusion: In summary, the present study found that otitis media was highly prevalent (31.25%) in Mogadishu, Somalia. The majority of the affected children were younger than one year. Age of the child, malnutrition, upper respiratory tract infections, feeding in lying position, and dripping something into a child’s ear were found to significantly increase the risk of developing otitis media in children. In contrast, breastfeeding for more than one year has been found to reduce the risk of developing otitis media in children.

关键词： Otitis Media Children under Five Years Prevalence Risk Factors

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偏转板射流伺服阀前置级气穴和压力脉动的大涡模拟研究

偏转板射流伺服阀前置级气穴和压力脉动的大涡模拟研究

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作者： hazem Khaled mohamed Abdallah 哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

偏转板射流伺服阀先导级的流场特性对偏转板射流伺服阀的输出特性具有重要影响。由于伺服阀的重要性,需要对其进行更多的研究,因为它们在火箭、飞机、船舶和液压机器人等许多工程应用中都有应用。偏转板喷嘴附近的流场分布影响着阀门的... 详细信息

偏转板射流伺服阀先导级的流场特性对偏转板射流伺服阀的输出特性具有重要影响。由于伺服阀的重要性,需要对其进行更多的研究,因为它们在火箭、飞机、船舶和液压机器人等许多工程应用中都有应用。偏转板喷嘴附近的流场分布影响着阀门的性能甚至整个系统的性能。偏转板射流先导级的压力振荡是常见的,会引起气穴,从而引起高频噪声和伺服阀振动。本课题利用计算机辅助软件建立了伺服阀偏转板射流先导级三维流场的几何模型。供给端口、放大器和接收端口是几何体中受流体流动影响的核心部分,除了求解时间外,还提取了其他部分以节省工作量并简化网格划分过程。大涡模拟（LES）用于模拟压力振荡现象,以及气穴模型（流体体积）来捕捉在1-24MPa不同进口压力下的非定常气穴动力学。本课题对整个流场中的汽体体积分数进行了随时间变化的监测,以便在气穴影响流场不稳定性的情况下,观察气穴率以及沿偏转板射流伺服阀先导级的时间变化。利用监测点捕捉不同进口压力下压力随时间的振荡,研究了高波动区流场的动态特性和压力波动。此外,还对改善偏转板射流伺服阀的流场特性进行了一些尝试。分析了0.52mm和0.6mm偏转板进口宽度变化的影响,并与标准进口偏转板宽度0.56mm进行了比较。此外,还研究了0.56mm、0.6mm和0.68mm三种不同的射流喷嘴长度,并与0.64mm的基本长度进行了比较。研究了DJSV结构中改变射流喷嘴长度为0.39mm和0.27mm的影响,并与0.33mm的基本长度进行了比较。由于分流楔的锐边会引起回流和能量损失,因此将分流楔的形状改为曲边,并研究了其对偏转射流伺服阀性能的影响。在24MPa压力下,采用不同的出口压力和相同的边界条件,分析了出口压力变化的影响。结果表明,将得到的FFT数据与气穴结果和研究的流场分布联系起来,可以得出这样的结论:偏转板引射段的压力振荡是气穴产生的主要原因之一,并且高度依赖于进口压力,不同密度的偏转板射流伺服阀在不同区域会产生气穴现象。结构优化也有助于减少偏转板射流先导级的气穴和压力振荡。

关键词：偏转板射流伺服阀气穴压力振荡大涡模拟

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