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A Host KH RNA-Binding Protein Is a Susceptibility Factor Targeted by an RXLR Effector to Promote Late Blight Disease

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Molecular Plant 2015年第9期8卷 1385-1395页

作者： Xiaodan Wang Petra Boevink hazel mclellan Miles Armstrong Tatyana Bukh-arova Zhiwei Qin Paul R.J. Birch Horticultural College Northeast Agricultural University No. 59 Mucai Road Harbin 150030 China Cell and Molecular Sciences James Hutton Institute Errol Road Invergowrie Dundee DD2 5DA UK Division of Plant Sciences College of Ufe Sciences University of Dundee (at JHI) Errol Road Invergowrie Dundee DD2 5DA UK Virus-free Seedling Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences No. 368 Xuefu Road Harbin 150086 China These authors contributed equatly to this article.

Plant pathogens deliver effector proteins that alter host processes to create an environment conducive to colonization. Attention has focused on identifying the targets of effectors and how their manipulation facil- itates disease. RXLR effector Pi04089 from the potato blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans accumu- lates in the host nucleus and enhances colonization when transiently expressed in planta. Its nuclear local- ization is required for enhanced P. infestans colonization. Pi04089 interacts in yeast and in planta with a putative potato K-homology （KH） RNA-binding protein, StKRBPI. Co-localization of Pi04089 and StKRBP1, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation between them, indicate they associate at nuclear speckles. StKRBP1 protein levels increased when it was co-expressed with Pi04089. Indeed, such accumu- lation of StKRBP1 was observed also on the first day of leaf colonization by the pathogen. Remarkably, overexpression of StKRBP1 significantly enhances P. infestans infection. Mutation of the nucleotide- binding motif GxxG to GDDG in all three KH domains of StKRBP1 abolishes its interaction with Pi04089, its localization to nuclear speckles, and its increased accumulation when co-expressed with the effector. Moreover, the mutant StKRBP1 protein no longer enhances leaf colonization by P. infestans, implying that nucleotide binding is likely required for this activity. We thus argue that StKRBP1 can be regarded as a sus- ceptibility factor, as its activity is beneficial to the pathogen.

关键词： effector-triggered susceptibility oomycete plant disease late blight

The Ubiquitin E3 Ligase PUB17 Positively Regulates Immunity by Targeting a Negative Regulator, KH17, for Degradation

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Plant Communications 2020年第4期1卷 75-86页

作者： hazel mclellan Kai Chen Qin He Xintong Wu Petra C.Boevink Zhendong Tian Paul R.J.Birch Division of Plant Science School of Life ScienceUniversity of Dundee(at JHI)InvergowrieDundee DD25DAUK Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology(HZAU) Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology(HZAU)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Cell and Molecular Science James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundee DD25DAUK

Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that regulates many processes in *** ubiquitin E3 ligases act as either positive or negative regulators of immunity by promoting the degradation of different ***17 is an E3 ligase that has previously been shown to positively regulate immunity to bacteria,fungi and oomycetes,including the late blight pathogen Phytophthora *** of StPUB17 promotes pathogen colonization and attenuates Cf4/avr4 cell *** yeast-2-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation we identified the putative K-homology(KH)RNA-binding protein(RBP),StKH17,as a candidate substrate for degradation by ***17 acts as a negative regulator of immunity that promotes *** infection and suppresses specific immune pathways.A KH RBP domain mutant of StKH17(StKH17GDDG)is no longer able to negatively regulate immunity,indicating that RNA binding is likely required for StKH17 *** StPUB17 is a known target of the ubiquitin E3 ligase,StPOB1,we reveal an additional step in an E3 ligase regulatory cascade that controls plant defense.

关键词： oomycete plant disease late blight E3 ligase KH RNA-binding protein

Oomycetes Seek Help from the Plant：Phytophthora infestans Effectors Target Host Susceptibility Factors

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Molecular Plant 2016年第5期9卷 636-638页

作者： Petra C. Boevink hazel mclellan Eleanor M. Gilroy Shaista Naqvi Qin He Lina Yang Xiaodan Wang Dionne Turnbull Miles R. Armstrong Zhendong Tian Paul R.J. Birch Cell and Molecular Science James Hutton Institute(JHI) InvergowrieDundee DD2 5DA UK Division of Plant Science College of Life Science University of Dundee(at JHI) Invergowrie Dundee DD2 5DA UK Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China Virus-free Seedling Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences 368 Xuefu Road Harbin 150086 China

Plants have a sophisticated immune system to defend against a wide range of invaders,including insects,nematodes,bacteria,oomycetes,fungi,and *** may manipulate or suppress immunity by delivering effector proteins,either to the inside or outside of plant *** attention has been focused on identifying the targets of effector proteins in the host and on characterizing how effector activities suppress immunity.

关键词： Oomycetes Phytophthora Susceptibility

Patient-specific monocyte-derived microglia as a screening tool for neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 955-958页

作者： hazel Quek Anthony R.White Mental Health and Neuroscience QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute School of Biomedical Science The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Microglia, the main driver of neuroinflammation, play a central role in the initiation and exacerbation of various neurodegenerative diseases and are now considered a promising therapeutic target. Previous studies on in vitro human microglia and in vivo rodent models lacked scalability, consistency, or physiological relevance, which deterred successful therapeutic outcomes for the past decade. Here we review human blood monocyte-derived microglia-like cells as a robust and consistent approach to generate a patient-specific microglia-like model that can be used in extensive cohort studies for drug testing. We will highlight the strength and applicability of human blood monocyte-derived microglia-like cells to increase translational outcomes by reviewing the advantages of human blood monocyte-derived microglia-like cells in addressing patient heterogeneity and stratification, the basis of personalized medicine.

关键词： human in vitro microglia models neurodegeneration neuroinflammation patient heterogeneity patient stratification peripheral blood monocyte-derived microglia-like cells therapeutic target transdifferentiation translational outcomes

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Water softening by induced crystallization in fluidized bed

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第12期28卷 109-116页

作者： Yuefang Che Rong Fan Danfeng An Yujie Cheng hazel Tan School of Civil and Environment Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China.

Fluidized bed and induced crystallization technology were combined to design a new type of induced crystallization fluidized bed reactor. The added particulate matter served as crystal nucleus to induce crystallization so that the insoluble material, which was in a saturated state, could precipitate on its surface. In this study, by filling the fluidized bed with quartz sand and by adjusting water pH, precipitation of calcium carbonate was induced on the surface of quartz sand, and the removal of water hardness was achieved. With a reactor influent flow of 60 L/hr, a fixed-bed height of 0.5 m, pH value of 9.5, quartz sand nuclear diameter of 0.2-0.4 mm, and a reflux ratio of 60%, the effluent concentration of calcium hardness was reduced to 60 mg/L and 86.6% removal efficiency was achieved. The resulting effluent reached the quality standard set for circulating cooling water. Majority of the material on the surface of quartz sand was calculated to be calcium carbonate based on energy spectrum analysis and moisture content was around 15.994%. With the low moisture content, dewatering treatment is no longer required and this results to cost savings on total water treatment process.

关键词： Fluidized bed Induced crystallization Hardness Softening capability Quartz sand

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HER2 inhibition in gastro-oesophageal cancer:A review drawing on lessons learned from breast cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2018年第7期10卷 159-171页

作者： hazel Lote Nicola Valeri Ian Chau Centre for Molecular Pathology Institute of Cancer Research Department of Medicine Royal Marsden Hospital

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-inhibition is an important therapeutic strategy in HER2-amplified gastro-oesophageal cancer(GOC).A significant proportion of GOC patients display HER2 amplification,yet HER2 inhibition in these patients has not displayed the success seen in HER2 amplified breast *** of the current evidence surrounding HER2 has been obtained from studies in breast cancer,and we are only recently beginning to improve our understanding of HER2-amplified *** there are numerous licensed HER2 inhibitors in breast cancer,trastuzumab remains the only licensed HER2 inhibitor for HER2-amplified *** trials investigating lapatinib,trastuzumab emtansine,pertuzumab and MM-111 in GOC have demonstrated disappointing results and have not yet changed the treatment *** deruxtecan may hold promise and is currently being investigated in phase Ⅱ ***2 amplified GOC differs from breast cancer due to inherent differences in the HER2 amino-truncation and mutation rate,loss of HER2 expression,alterations in HER2 signalling pathways and differences in insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and MET *** alterations involving different micro RNA profiles in GOC as compared to breast cancer and intrinsic differences in the immune environment are likely to play a *** key to effective treatment of HER2 amplified GOC lies in understanding these mechanisms and tailoring HER2 inhibition for GOC patients in order to improve clinical outcomes.

关键词： Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 Gastro-oesophageal cancer Trastuzumab Resistance Biomarkers Breast cancer

Pension reform:Australia and China compared

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Economic and Political Studies 2017年第4期5卷 456-474页

作者： hazel Bateman Kevin Liu School of Risk and Actuarial Studies UNSW SydneySydneyAustralia

Over the past few decades,China’s pension system has evolved from separate schemes almost exclusively for urban and public sector workers to one with broad national *** a similar time-frame,successive Australian governments have introduced reforms to Australia’s retirement income arrangements in an attempt to increase retirement savings and address age-related pressures on the financing of the publicly provided age *** paper compares,contrasts and assesses the pension systems in China and *** China and Australia are at different stages of economic development and demographic transition and operate quite different pension systems,there are lessons to be learned from each other.

关键词： Pension reform China Australia population ageing

Facile synthesis of nanosized sodium magnesium hydride,NaMgH3

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2013年第3期23卷 343-350页

作者： hazel Reardon Natalia Mazur Duncan H.Gregory WestCHEM School of ChemistryJoseph Black BuildingUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G12 8QQ ScotlandUK Department of Materials Science and Engineering Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyN-7491 TrondheimNorway

The ternary magnesium hydride NaMgH 3 has been synthesised via reactive milling *** method employed neither a reactive H2 atmosphere nor high pressure sintering or other post-treatment *** formation of the ternary hydride was studied as a function of milling time and ball:powder *** purity NaMgH 3 powder(orthorhombic space group Pnma,a 5.437(2),b 7.705(5),c 5.477(2) ;Z 4) was prepared in 5 h at high ball:powder ratios and characterised by powder X-ray diffraction(PXD),Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM/EDX).The products formed sub-micron scale(typically 200-400 nm in size) crystallites that were approximately isotropic in *** dehydrogenation behaviour of the ternary hydride was investigated by temperature programmed desorption(TPD).The nanostructured hydride releases hydrogen in two steps with an onset temperature for the first step of 513 K.

关键词： Hydride Mechanochemistry Structure Hydrogen storage Raman

我们对中国市场一直充满信心——德国巴斯夫集团高管答记者问

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中国石油和化工产业观察 2024年第3期 8-12页

作者：楼剑锋鲍磊伟白熙纯索荣巴斯夫大中华区巴斯夫东南亚有限公司董事会巴斯夫不详

德国巴斯夫集团有着近160年历史,全球拥有11万名员工,业务领域从上游的大宗产品到精细化学品、新材料、营养与健康、农业等。2023年,巴斯夫全球销售额达689亿欧元,实现净利润2.25亿欧元,研发投入21亿欧元,新申请的专利超过1000项。作为... 详细信息

德国巴斯夫集团有着近160年历史,全球拥有11万名员工,业务领域从上游的大宗产品到精细化学品、新材料、营养与健康、农业等。2023年,巴斯夫全球销售额达689亿欧元,实现净利润2.25亿欧元,研发投入21亿欧元,新申请的专利超过1000项。作为全球领先的化工公司,巴斯夫化学品销售额连续10多年居首位。

关键词：巴斯夫研发投入欧元精细化学品大宗产品营养与健康净利润德国巴斯夫集团

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