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History of Infection Prior to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in the Recipient as a Risk Factor to Develop Acute Graft versus Host Disease

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2019年第4期10卷 327-335页

作者： Alberto Olaya-Vargas Iván Castorena-Villa Martin Pérez-García Gerardo Lopéz-Hernández Nideshda Ramírez-Uribe haydeé salazar-rosales Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Program National Institute of Pediatrics (INP) Mexico City México Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantand Cell TherapyProgram Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gomez Instituto Nacional de Salud México City México

Background: Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is the most frequent and severe complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Objective: To determine if a history of prior infection in the allogeneic HSTC recipient is a risk factor to develop aGVHD. Methods: A retrospective cohort study based on data collected from the Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP) from January 1998 to December 2016 was performed to identify if prior infection was a predictive risk factor for aGVHD. Results: 27 patients developed aGVHD (36.4%). Median time to aGVHD presentation was 82 days (9 to 273 days). Most patients developed grade III aGVHD. Following the multivariate analysis peripheral blood > bone marrow (OR 12.3;p 8.3 × 106/kg (OR 7.1;p = 0.05), peripheral blood (OR: 11.4;p < 0.001), infection 3 months prior to allogeneic transplant (OR: 4.5;p < 0.03) and CMV infection in the recipient (OR: 4.68;p Conclusions: Either bacterial infection or CMV infection in the recipient was significant risk factor within the aGVHD recipients;it is important to consider these factors for patients that are going to receive an allogeneic HSCT.

关键词： Allogeneic HSCT Complications Acute GVHD HSCT Infections

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A Single-Season Irrigated Rice Soil Presents Higher Iron Toxicity Risk in Tropical Savannah Valley Bottoms

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2013年第7期3卷 314-322页

作者： Amadou Keita Hamma Yacouba Laszlo G. hayde Bart Schultz Department of Water Science and Engineering UNESCO-IHE-Institute for Water Education Delft The Netherlands Joint Research Centre for Water and Climate International Institute for Water and Environmental Engineering (2iE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

With the aim of finding the geochemical differences and helping to build alleviating strategies against iron toxicity, two hematite dominant valley bottoms irrigating rice soils were investigated in the Tropical Savannah region of Burkina Faso. The first site was Tiefora, a 15-ha modern double-season irrigated rice system and moderately affected by iron toxicity (10% of the area with a toxicity score of 4). The second site was Moussodougou, a 35-ha traditional singleseason irrigated rice valley-bottom, with 50% facing more severe iron toxicity (score 7). Nine soil extracts were taken from three depths—30, 50 and 100 cm—i.e. 27 at Tiefora and 27 at Moussodogou. Five techniques were used to measure the data: 1) the ferrous iron concentration was determined using a reflectometer, 2) a pH-meter yielded the pH, 3) clay-proportions were obtained by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) grain size analysis and densitometry, 4) the organic matter was determined by oven drying (900℃) and v) the dry bulk density was determined by using undisturbed soil samples. Statistical hypothesis testing of One-way ANOVA and Welch t-test was applied to the data to isolate the similarities and the differences between the two sites. A geochemical analysis followed to find the causes of these differences. The results showed that while oxidation of pyrite leads to a simultaneous increase in Fe2+ concentrations and acidity in the soils of coastal floodplains and mangroves, the oxidation of hematite in Tropical savannah valley bottoms decreases Fe2+ but also increases acidity during the dry season. As a consequence, it was found that the single-season irrigation scheme Moussodougou is significantly (p-value 0.4%) more acidic (pH 5.7) than the double-season system of Tiefora (6.4) with also 750 - 1800 mg/l higher ferrous Fe2+. The ferrous iron reached 3000 mg/l in some layers in Moussodougou. This result is a justification to modernize a traditional single-season spate irrigation scheme

关键词： ANOVA Burkina Faso Hematite Iron Toxicity Rice Soil Sampling Tropical Savannah Valley Bottoms Welch T-Test

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社交媒体:美国公共外交的力量、实践与概念限制

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全球传媒学刊 2014年第1期1卷 46-64页

作者： Craig hayde 吴燕妮吴丹妮美利坚大学国际服务学院清华大学新闻与传播学院

社交媒体技术在实践上和概念上都代表了美国公共外交的重要发展。本文分析了美国公共外交中关于社交媒体角色的政策话语,以此来描述美国公共外交实践的概念发展。本文批判性地评价了美国的战略观点,包括技术与公共外交,所谓的"公共外交2... 详细信息

社交媒体技术在实践上和概念上都代表了美国公共外交的重要发展。本文分析了美国公共外交中关于社交媒体角色的政策话语,以此来描述美国公共外交实践的概念发展。本文批判性地评价了美国的战略观点,包括技术与公共外交,所谓的"公共外交2.0"时代出现后的公共外交与传统外交之间的关系,以及这些发展的共同潜在本质是如何复杂化软实力的效用,并以此来阐释公共外交。

关键词：公共外交社交媒体软实力合作力量 21世纪国家治理方略

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