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Physicochemical characterization of forest and sugarcane leaf combustion’s particulate matters using electron microscopy,EDS,XRD and TGA

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期33卷 296-310页

作者： hay mon oo Preechar Karin Nuwong Chollacoop Katsunori Hanamura Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology LadkrabangBangkok 10520Thailand National Metal and Materials Technology Center National Science and Technology Development AgencyPathum Thani 12120Thailand School of Engineering Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo 152-8552Japan

Physical characteristics and quantitative elemental composition of PM and residual ash produced from sugarcane leaves(SCL)combustion were investigated using TEM-EDS compared with forest leaves(FRL).SEM-EDS was used to analyze the microstructure and chemical composition of biomass raw leaves and *** analysis was also performed to investigate the characterization of the crystalline nanostructure,structure of PM,and residual ash compared to the TEM image processing *** oxidation kinetics of biomass raw materials,PM,and residual ash were investigated by *** morphology of fine and ultrafine agglomerate structure of SCL soot and residual ash are not significantly different from the FRL soot and residual *** average diameter sizes of single primary nanoparticles of SCL and FRL soot are approximately 37 nm and 35 nm,while the sizes of residual ash are about 18 nm and 22 nm,*** single primary nanoparticles of soot are mainly composed of curve line crystallites of carbon fringes,while residual ash is composed of straightline lattice *** average fringe lengths of SCL and FRL soot are about 1.25 nm and 1.04 nm from the outer shell and 0.89 nm and 0.74 nm from the inner *** interlayer spacing of curve line carbon fringes of SCL and FRL soot is approximately 0.359 nm and 0.362 nm by the TEM image analysis and it was matched with XRD *** biomass PMs are mainly composed of soot,Si,Ca,and K compounds:SiO_(2),CaCO3,and KCl.

关键词： Biomass combustion Particulate matter Soot Ashes TEM XRD TGA

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Multi-environment BSA-seq using large F3 populations is able to achieve reliable QTL mapping with high power and resolution: An experimental demonstration in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 549-557页

作者： Yan Zheng Ei Ei Khine Khin Mar Thi Ei Ei Nyein Likun Huang Lihui Lin Xiaofang Xie Min Htay Wai Lin Khin Than oo Myat Myat Moe San San Aye Weiren Wu College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsMinistry of EducationFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Department of Botany Mawlamyine UniversityMon StateMawlamyineMyanmar Department of Botany Dagon UniversityNorth DagonYangonMyanmar

Bulked-segregant analysis by deep sequencing(BSA-seq) is a widely used method for mapping QTL(quantitative trait loci) due to its simplicity, speed, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency. However, the ability of BSA-seq to detect QTL is often limited by inappropriate experimental designs, as evidenced by numerous practical studies. Most BSA-seq studies have utilized small to medium-sized populations, with F2populations being the most common choice. Nevertheless, theoretical studies have shown that using a large population with an appropriate pool size can significantly enhance the power and resolution of QTL detection in BSA-seq, with F_(3)populations offering notable advantages over F2populations. To provide an experimental demonstration, we tested the power of BSA-seq to identify QTL controlling days from sowing to heading(DTH) in a 7200-plant rice F_(3)population in two environments, with a pool size of approximately 500. Each experiment identified 34 QTL, an order of magnitude greater than reported in most BSA-seq experiments, of which 23 were detected in both experiments, with 17 of these located near41 previously reported QTL and eight cloned genes known to control DTH in rice. These results indicate that QTL mapping by BSA-seq in large F_(3)populations and multi-environment experiments can achieve high power, resolution, and reliability.

关键词： BSA-seq QTL mapping Large F3 population Multi-environment experiment Cross-validation

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Shearing Characteristics of Jurassic Silty Mudstone Slip Zone under Different Water Contents and Normal Stresses Based on Ring Shear Tests

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年

作者： Nang mon mon Thaw Changdong Li Zongxing Zou Wenqiang Chen Jingjing Long Aung Min oo Dafalla Wadi Faculty of Engineering China University of Geosciences Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of Geosciences Department of Geology Hpa-An University 4. Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology College of Petroleum Geology and Minerals University of Bahri

Landslides frequently occurred in Jurassic red strata in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) region in China. The Jurassic strata consist of low mechanical strength and poor permeability of weak silty mudstone layer, which may cause slope instability during rainfall. In order to understand the strength behavior of Jurassic silty mudstone shear zone, the so-called Shizibao landslide located in Guojiaba Town, Zigui County, Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) in China is selected as a case study. The shear strength of the silty mudstone shear zone is strongly influenced by the water content and normal stress. Therefore, a series of drained ring shear tests were carried out by changing the water contents(7%, 12%, 17%, and 20%, respectively) and normal stresses(200, 300, 400, and 500 k Pa, respectively).The result revealed that the residual friction coefficient and residual friction angle were power function relationships with water content and normal stress. The peak cohesion of the silty mudstone slip zone increased with water content to a certain limit, above which the cohesion decreased. In contrast, the residual cohesion showed the opposite trend, indicating the cohesion recovery above a certain limit of water content. However, both the peak and residual friction angle of the silty mudstone slip zone were observed to decrease steadily with increased water content. Furthermore, the macroscopic morphological features of the shear surface showed that the sliding failure was developed under high normal stress at low water content, while discontinuous sliding surface and soil extrusion were occurred when the water content increased to a saturated degree. The localized liquefaction developed by excess pore water pressure reduced the frictional force within the shear zone. Finally, the combined effects of the slope excavation and precipitation ultimately lead to the failure of the silty mudstone slope; however, continuous rainfall is the main factor triggering sliding.

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Assessment of Farmer’s Practices on the Rubber Nursery Management Using Growing Medium and Varietal Selection in mon State

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第3期13卷 307-320页

作者： Khaing Hninn Soe Kyaw Ngwe Yinn Mar Soe Kyaw Kyaw Win Aung Naing oo Department of Soil and Water Science Yezin Agricultural University Naypyitaw Myanmar Pro Rector (Admin.) Office Yezin Agricultural University Naypyitaw Myanmar Phyu Campus Yezin Agricultural University Naypyitaw Myanmar

Rubber is an economically important perennial crop in Myanmar for latex production. As the rubber plantation area increases yearly, the requirement of vigorous rubber seedlings for its establishment plays a central role. The success of rubber plantations depends on some farming practices such as using different compost or other materials in the potting soil-medium, varietal selection for stock and scion in the budding process, and fertilizer application methods. The objective of this study was to assess the farmer’s practices in the establishment of rubber nurseries in mostly rubber planted areas in Myanmar. The survey interviewed 60 respondents from three townships in mon State, namely Mudon, Kyaikmaraw, and Thanbyuzayat. The response data were analyzed through the descriptive method. This survey exposed the potentially active operators (middle age of 30 - 60 years) in rubber nursery production. Local experienced farmers usually raised the budded seedlings with 15 cm × 23 cm polyethylene bag in all study regions. Most farmers selected multi-clonal seed for stock and BPM 24 for scion according to the local market demand and high latex yield. All survey areas used both organic and inorganic fertilizers for nutrient management. Compost is a chief component of growing medium in their nursery production. However, making compost and high demand of the compost were local constraints. Therefore, this survey suggested improving the proper composting method for rubber nursery establishment.

关键词： Compost Farmers’ Practices Nutrient Management Varietal Selection

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Seasonal Prevalence of <i>Aedes aegypti</i>in Semi-Urban Area of Yangon Region, Myanmar

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Advances in Entomology 2020年第3期8卷 107-116页

作者： San San oo Tin Lay mon Nyo Nyo Aung Thida Ei Toe Toe Soe Aye Aye Su Khin Khin Soe Khin Mar Lwin Thin Thin Soe Myat Lwin Htwe Department of Zoology Yangon University Yangon Myanmar Department of Zoology Kyaing Tong University Kyaing Tong Myanmar

Prevalence rate of Aedes aegypti was conducted in 20 houses from semi-urban areas of Yangon Region. Larval surveys were done at indoors and outdoors water containers of five types. Prevalence rate of larval density larvae was investigated monthly by standard indices. The highest infestation rate of the container index (CI) was in June 2018 (56.52%), the second highest was in July 2017 (48.36%) and the lowest rate was in April 2017 (5.07%);those of the Jar index (JI) was highest (36.49%) in June and second highest rate (23.8%) was in October 2017. Reasoning the Metal drum (MI) was highest (13.95%) in June 2018 and second highest (6.25%) was in July 2017. The larval infestation rate of Earthen pot (EI) was highest (42.1%) in July 2017. The larval incident rate in almost all indices showed that the highest rate was at the beginning of monsoon season, in June and July, while in the remaining months, the larval incident rate was found to decrease due to the application of insecticides in the study area by the Township Public Health Department. However, the application of insecticides did not cover all the breeding sites of the mosquitoes, the water puddles under their houses were left to apply the insecticides. The positive larval incident rate was assessed by Household (HI), Container index (CI), Breteau index (BI). The highest and second highest positive larval incident rates were all in June 2018 and July 2017 in all indices, HI (27.3% and 23.4%), CI (56.52% and 48.36%), BI (17.56% and 16.79%) and SI (28.49% and 24.38%) respectively. The lowest rate in all indices was 2.56% (HI), 5.07% (IC), 2.67% (BI) and 1.91% (SI) in April. In this study, the fluctuation of indices of infestation rates and positive larval index value was positively correlated in similar trends in the study months. The reason for difficult control measure depends on the water sources under their houses and remains stagnant throughout the year, even in the dry season. High incident and death r

关键词： Aedes aegypti Infestation Rate Positive Larval Indices South Dagon Township

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Diversity of Insect Pest and Predator Species in monsoon and Summer Rice Fields of Taungoo Environs, Myanmar

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Advances in Entomology 2020年第3期8卷 117-129页

作者： San San oo Khin Myat Hmwe Nyo Nyo Aung Aye Aye Su Khin Khin Soe Tin Lay mon Khin Mar Lwin May Myat Thu Thin Thin Soe Myat Lwin Htwe Zoology Department University of Yangon Yangon Myanmar Zoology Department Kyaing Tong University Kyaing Tong Myanmar Zoology Department Dagon University Yangon Myanmar

Paddy fields are natural and artificial wetland ecosystems that supply rice for the people and provide the wildlife especially insect diversity of different functional aspects. A total of 71 insect species belonging to 40 families under eight orders were observed during the study period. Among the 71 insect species, 18 species of beetles, nine species of bugs, eight species of dragonfly, five species of butterflies, four species of leafhoppers, plant hoppers and moths, three borer and spiders, two crickets, one species of skippers, grass hopper, hispa, ant, weevil, hairy caterpillar, leaf roller, katydid, thrips, maggot and water boatmen were recorded in the study sites. Total of 41 species of pests, 18 species of predators and 12 species of beneficial species (they function as pollinating the flowering plants in the paddy field wetland ecosystem) were recorded in the study sites. In the monsoon season, the 41 species of pest species, 18 species of predator species and 12 species of beneficial species were recorded from monsoon rice field. According to Shannon Evenness value (H'/S = -0.012564), the data showed that the insect species recorded from the one habitat was not the similar to another. In summer paddy fields, 36 species of pest species, 16 species of predator species and 9 species of beneficial species were recorded. Total arthropod insect species were recorded 61 species from the dry rice fields. According to Shannon Evenness value (H'/S = -0.000120), the data showed that the insect species recorded from the one habitat was not the similar to another. Population growth and duration of life cycle of insects is mainly dominated by the temperature, the duration of life cycle is shorter in the high temperature than in the low temperature.

关键词： Indent Insect Species Diversity Pest and Predators Seasonal Variation Paddy Filed Taungoo

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Challenges in early phase of implementing the 1-3-7 surveillance and response approach in malaria elimination setting:A field study from Myanmar

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第1期9卷 100-100页

作者： Poe Poe Aung Zaw Win Thein Zar Ni Min Hein Kyaw Thet Aung Nwe oo mon Nay Yi Yi Linn Aung Thi Khin Thet Wai Thae Maung Maung Duke Global Health Institute Myanmar Program YangonMyanmar 不详

Background:The National Plan for Malaria Elimination(NPME)in Myanmar(2016–2030)aims to eliminate indigenous Plasmodium falciparum malaria in six states/regions of low endemicity by 2020 and countrywide by *** achieve this goal,in 2016 the National Malaria Control Program(NMCP)implemented the“1-3-7”surveillance and response *** study aims to identify the barriers to successful implementation of the NPME which emerged during the early phase of the“1-3-7”approach ***:A mixed-methods study was conducted with basic health staff(BHS)and Vector Born Disease Control Program(VBDC)staff between 2017 and 2018 in six townships of six states/regions targeted for sub-national elimination by 2020.A self-administered questionnaire,designed to assess the knowledge required to implement the“1-3-7”approach,was completed by 544 *** analysis was performed for quantitative findings and thematic analysis was conducted for qualitative findings using *** ***:Although 83%of participants reported performing the key activities in the“1-3-7”surveillance and response approach,less than half could report performing those activities within 3 days and 7 days(40 and 43%,respectively).Low proportion of BHS correctly identified six categories of malaria cases and three types of foci(22 and 26%,respectively).In contrast,nearly 80%of respondents correctly named three types of case detection *** cited challenges included‘low community knowledge on health’(43%),‘inadequate supplies’(22%),and‘transportation difficulty’(21%).Qualitative data identified poor knowledge of key surveillance activities,delays in reporting,and differences in reporting systems as the primary *** dominant perceived barrier to success was inability to control the influx of migrant workers into target jurisdictions especially in hard-to-reach *** with township medical officers and the NMCP team leaders further highlighted the necessity o

关键词： Malaria elimination 1-3-7 approach Surveillance and response Basic health staff Mixed methods Myanmar

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International non-governmental organizations’provision of communitybased tuberculosis care for hard-to-reach populations in Myanmar,2013-2014

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 598-604页

作者： Kyaw Thu Soe Saw Saw Johan van Griensven Shuisen Zhou Le Win Palanivel Chinnakali Safieh Shah Myo Myo mon Si Thu Aung Department of Medical Research (Pyin Oo Lwin Branch)Ward 16Near Anisakhan AirportPyin Oo Lwin TownshipMandalay RegionMyanmar Institute of Tropical Medicine Nationalestraat 155Antwerp 2000Belgium National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention207 Ruijin Er RoadShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research No-1Vinayagar kovil StreetKathirkamamPuducherry605009India Operational Research Unit Medecins Sans FrontieresOperational Research Unit68rue de GasperichLuxembourg City L-1617Luxembourg National Tuberculosis Programme Disease Control UnitNay Pyi Taw Bed 1000 HospitalZabu Kyatthayay roadZabu Thiri TownshipNay Pyi TawMyanmar

Background:National tuberculosis(TB)programs increasingly engage with international non-governmental organizations(INGOs),especially to provide TB care in complex settings where community involvement might be *** Myanmar,however,there is limited data on how such INGO community-based programs are organized and how effective they *** this study,we describe four INGO strategies for providing community-based TB care to hard-to-reach populations in Myanmar,and assess their contribution to TB case ***:We conducted a descriptive study using program data from four INGOs and the National TB Program(NTP)in *** each INGO,we extracted information on its approach and key activities,the number of presumptive TB cases referred and undergoing TB testing,and the number of patients diagnosed with TB and their treatment *** contribution of INGOs to TB diagnosis in their selected townships was calculated as the proportion of INGO-diagnosed new TB cases out of the total NTP-diagnosed new TB cases in the same ***:All four INGOs implemented community-based TB care in challenging contexts,targeting migrants,post-conflict areas,the urban poor,and other vulnerable *** recruited community volunteers via existing community health volunteers or health structures,one via existing community leaderships,and one directly involved TB infected/affected *** INGOs compensated volunteers via performance-based financing,and two provided financial and in-kind *** relied on NTP laboratories for diagnosis and TB drugs,but provided direct observation treatment support and treatment follow-up.A total of 21995 presumptive TB cases were referred for TB diagnosis,with 7383(34%)new TB cases diagnosed and almost all(98%)successfully *** four INGOs contributed to the detection of,on average,36%(7383/20663)of the total new TB cases in their respective townships(range:15-52%).Conclusion:Community-based TB care suppor

关键词： Operational research Community Tuberculosis Volunteers Contribution International nongovernmental organizations Myanmar

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物理疗法与简易疼痛处理程序初期治疗腰背痛的比较:一项关于物理疗法的随机临床试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 2-3页

作者： hay E.M. Mullis R. Lewis M. 郭俊 Primary Care Sciences Res earch Centre Keele University Keele Staffordshire ST5 5BG United Kingdom Prof.

Background: Recommendations for the management of low back pain in primary ca re emphasise the importance of recognising and addressing psychosocial factors a t an early stage. We compared the effectiveness of a brief pain- management pro gramme with physiotherapy incorporating manual therapy for the reduction of disa bility at 12 months in patients consulting primary care with subacute low back p ain. Methods: For this pragmatic, multicentre, randomised clinical trial, eligib le participants consulted primary care with non- specific low back pain of less than 12 weeks’ duration. They were randomly assigned either a programme of pa in management (n=201) or manual therapy (n=201). The primary outcome was change in the score on the Roland and Morris disability questionnaire at 12 months. Ana lysis was by intention to treat. Findings: Of 544 patients assessed for eligibil ity, 402 were recruited (mean age 40.6 years) and 329 (82% )- reached 12- mon th follow- up. Mean disability scores were 13.8 (SD 4.8) for the pain- managem ent group and 13.3 (4.9) for the manual- therapy group. The mean decreases in d isability scores were 8.8 (6.4) and 8.8 (6.1) at 12 months (difference 0 [95% CI - 1.3 to 1.4], p=0.99), and median numbers of physiotherapy visits per patie nt were three (IQR one to five) and four (two to five), respectively (p=0.001). One adverse reaction (an exacerbation of pain after the initial assessment) was recorded. Interpretation: Brief pain management techniques delivered by appropri ately trained clinicians offer an alternative to physiotherapy incorporating man ual therapy and could provide a more efficient first- line approach for managem ent of non- specific subacute low back pain in primary care.

关键词：初期治疗腰背痛随机临床试验非特异性下腰痛处理程序腰痛患者 orris 功能障碍心理社会因素持续时间

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