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Erosion and covered zones altered by surface coverage effects on soil nitrogen and carbon loss from an agricultural slope under laboratorysimulated rainfall events

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第3期10卷 382-392页

作者： Linhua Wang Haw Yen Chi-hua Huang Yafeng Wang Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510650China USDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory West LafayetteIN47907-2077USA Blackland Research and Extension Center Texas A&M Agrilife ResearchTexas A&M UniversityTexas76502USA Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Soil erosion,one of the most serious environmental concerns,might remove topsoil and essential element from terrestrial land.However,few attentions have been given to investigating how soil erosion regimes affect soil carbon and nitrogen loss.Therefore,this study investigated the effects of surface coverage rates(83%,67%,50%,33%,17%and 0%)and two positions(up-and downslope)on erosion regimes and its associated soil nitrogen and carbon loss under a sequence of six rainfalls(R1-R6).These results showed that the sediment concentrations with 33%(R4)and 17%(R5)coverage downslope were significantly lower than those with coverage upslope,whereas there was no significant difference between the runoff rates of the two slopes.Thus,surface coverage at different positions induced two soil erosion regimes(deposition-and transport-dominated processes).Dynamics of the DON and DIN concentrations indicated different release processes of soil nitrogen into runoff.The DON contributed to a substantial amount of soil nitrogen loss,which accounted approximately 81%of the organic form.The SBOC is significantly correlated with sediment-enriched clay particles from the deposition-dominated processes and is higher than that from the transport-dominated processes.The DOC is significantly correlated with Rr for transport-dominated processes.These results illustrated the critical role of erosion regimes in soil organic carbon loss in dissolved or sediment-bound form.It is concluded that erosion/covered zones altered by surface coverage could produce transport-and deposition-dominated erosion regimes and consequently affect soil carbon and nitrogen loss.In addition,these results demonstrated that surface coverage pattern may efficiently control soil erosion and soil carbon and nitrogen loss.

关键词： Erosion regimes Carbon and nitrogen loss Surface coverage Coverage position

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Occurrence, spatial distribution and ecological risks of antibiotics in soil in urban agglomeration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 678-690页

作者： Min Li Lei Yang Haw Yen Fangkai Zhao Xinmiao Wang Tianhui Zhou Qingyu Feng Liding Chen State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn UniversityTexas 36849USA School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

Antibiotics in soil environment are regarded as emerging pollutants and have introduced increasing risks to soil ecosystem and human health in rapid urbanization areas. Identifying the occurrence and spatial variability of antibiotics in soils is an urgent issue in sustaining soil security. In this study, antibiotics in soils were investigated and analyzed in BeijingTianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration. The occurrence, spatial distribution, and related affecting factors of antibiotics in soils were identified and ecological risks of antibiotics in soil environment were assessed. Results showed that(1) The mean concentration of soil antibiotics in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration was 21.79 μg/kg. Land use substantially affected the occurrence and concentration of antibiotics in soils. Concentrations of antibiotics in cropland and orchard soils were 2-3 times higher than the other land use types.(2)The concentrations of antibiotics in soils in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration presented a spatial pattern of high values in southeast, and low values in northwest. Spatial variability of antibiotics in soils was closely related to the application of organic fertilizer and wastewater irrigation as well as topographical features. Furthermore, soil properties and land management policy had substantial influences on soil antibiotics, and soil heavy metals may aggravate the accumulation of antibiotics in soils.(3) Ecological risks assessment of antibiotics in soils demonstrated that erythromycin(ERY), sulfamethoxazole(SMX), and doxycycline(DOX) may introduce high risks to soil ecosystem health, and more attention should be paid to the areas with intensive human activities that had potential high risk to soil ecosystem health. This study suggests that scientific land and soil management should be considered to prevent soil antibiotic pollution and sustain soil security in urban agglomeration.

关键词： Antibiotics Urban agglomeration Land use Land management Urban-rural environmental gradient

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Evaluation of alternative surface runoff accounting procedures using SWAT model

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第3期8卷 54-68页

作者： Haw Yen Michael J.White Jaehak Jeong Mazdak Arabi Jeffrey G.Arnold Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort Coll insColorado 80523USA Blackland Research&Extension Center Texas A&M Agrilife ResearchTempleTexas 76502USA Grassland Soil&Water Research LaboratoryUSDA-ARSTempleTexas 76502USA

For surface runoff estimation in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model,the curve number(CN)procedure is commonly adopted to calculate surface runoff by dynamically updating CN values based on antecedent soil moisture condition(SCSI)in field.From SWAT2005 and onward,an alternative approach has become available to apply the CN method by relating the runoff potential to daily evapotranspiration(SCSII).While improved runoff prediction with SCSII has been reported in several case studies,few investigations have been made on its influence to water quality output or on the model uncertainty associated with the SCSII method.The objectives of the research were:(1)to quantify the improvements in hydrologic and water quality predictions obtained through different surface runoff estimation techniques;and(2)to examine how model uncertainty is affected by combining different surface runoff estimation techniques within SWAT using Bayesian model averaging(BMA).Applications of BMA provide an alternative approach to investigate the nature of structural uncertainty associated with both CN methods.Results showed that SCSII and BMA associated approaches exhibit improved performance in both discharge and total NO3 predictions compared to SCSI.In addition,the application of BMA has a positive effect on finding well performed solutions in the multi-dimensional parameter space,but the predictive uncertainty is not evidently reduced or enhanced.Therefore,we recommend additional future SWAT calibration/validation research with an emphasis on the impact of SCSII on the prediction of other pollutants.

关键词： Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT),curve number method,Bayesian model averaging,uncertainty analysis hydrology,water quality

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Uncertainty analysis for integrated water system simulations using GLUE with different acceptability thresholds

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第8期64卷 1791-1804页

作者： ZHANG YongYong XIA Jun SHAO QuanXi LI Lu yen haw ZHAI XiaoYan ZHAO TongTieGang LIN KaiRong Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China CSIRO Data 61 WembleyWestern Australia6913Australia Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research NORCE Norwegian Research CentreBergen5007Norway Blackland Research and Extension Center Texas A&M UniversityTempleTexas76502USA China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing100038China Department of Water Resources and Environment Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China

Integrated water quantity and quality simulations have become a popular tool in investigations on global water crisis.For integrated and complex models,conventional uncertainty estimations focus on the uncertainties of individual modules,e.g.,module parameters and structures,and do not consider the uncertainties propagated from interconnected modules.Therefore,this study investigated all the uncertainties of integrated water system simulations using the GLUE(i.e.,generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation)method,including uncertainties associated with individual modules,propagated uncertainties associated with interconnected modules,and their combinations.The changes in both acceptability thresholds of GLUE and the uncertainty estimation results were also investigated for different fixed percentages of total number of iterations(100000).Water quantity and quality variables(i.e.,runoff and ammonium nitrogen)were selected for the case study.The results showed that module uncertainty did not affect the runoff simulation performance,but remarkably weakened the water quality responses as the fixed percentage increased during calibration and validation periods.The propagated uncertainty from hydrological modules could not be ignored for water quality simulations,particularly during validation.The combination of module and propagated uncertainties further weakened the water quality simulation performance.The uncertainty intervals became wider owing to an increase in the fixed percentages and introduction of more uncertainty sources.Moreover,the acceptability threshold had a negative nonlinear relationship with the fixed percentage.The fixed percentages(20.0%-30.0%)were proposed as the acceptability thresholds owing to the satisfactory simulation performance and noticeably reduced uncertainty intervals they produced.This study provided methodological foundations for estimating multiple uncertainty sources of integrated water system models.

关键词： module uncertainty propagated uncertainty uncertainty combination integrated water system simulations GLUE

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Applying model simulation and photochemical indicators to evaluate ozone sensitivity in southern Taiwan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第5期23卷 790-797页

作者： yen-Ping Peng Kang-Shin Chen Hsin-Kai Wang Chia-Hsiang Lai Ming-Hsun Lin Cheng-haw Lee Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering "National" Taiwan University Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Health Safety and Environmental Engineering Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Resources Engineering National Cheng-Kung University

Ozone sensitivity was investigated using CAMx simulations and photochemical indicator ratios at three sites （Pingtung City, Chao-Chou Town, and Kenting Town） in Pingtung County in southern Taiwan during 2003 and 2004. The CAMx simulations compared fairly well with the hourly concentrations of ozone. Simulation results also showed that Pingtung City was mainly a volatile organic compounds （VOC）-sensitive regime, while Chao-Chou Town was either a VOC-sensitive or a NOx-sensitive regime, depending on the seasons. Measurements of three photochemical indicators （H202, HNO3, and NOy） were conducted, and simulated three transition ranges of H202/HNO3 （0.5-0.8）, O3/HNO3 （10.3-16.2） and O3/NOy （5.7-10.8） were adopted to assess the ozone sensitive regime at the three sites. The results indicated that the three transition ranges yield consistent results with CAMx simulations at most times at Pingtung City. However, both VOC-sensitive and NOx-sensitive regimes were important at the rural site Chao-Chou Town. Kenting Town, a touring site at the southern end of Taiwan, was predominated by a NOx-sensitive regime in four seasons.

关键词： photochemical indicator ozone sensitivity volative organic compounds NOx CAMx

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Numerical Simulation on a Tremendous Debris Flow Caused by Typhoon Morakot in the Jiaopu Stream,Taiwan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第1期11卷 1-18页

作者： HSU Yu-chao yen haw TSENG Wen-hsiao JAN Chyan-deng Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University Blackland Research and Extension Center Texas A&M AgriLife Research Sun-Rise Engineering Consultant Company

In August 2009,Typhoon Morakot brought a large amount of rainfall with both high intensity and long duration to a vast area of Taiwan.Unfortunately,this resulted in a catastrophic landslide in Hsiaolin Village,Taiwan.Meanwhile,large amounts of landslides were formed in the Jiaopu Stream watershed near the southeast part of the Hsiaolin Village.The Hsiaolin Village access road(Provincial Highway No.21 and Bridge No.8) was completely destroyed by the landslide and consequent debris flow.The major scope of this study is to apply a debris flow model to simulate the disaster caused by the debris flow that occurred in the Jiaopu Stream during Typhoon Morakot.According to the interviews with local residents,this study applied the destruction time of Bridge No.8 and Chen's house to verify the numerical debris flow model.By the spatial rainfall distributions information,the numerical simulations of the debris flow are conducted in two stages.In the first stage(before the landslide-dam failure),the elevation of the debris flow and the corresponding potential damages toward residential properties were investigated.In the second stage(after the landslidedam failure),comparisons of simulation results between the longitudinal and cross profiles of the Jiaopu Stream were performed using topographic maps and satellite imagery.In summary,applications of the adopted numerical debris flow model have shown positive impact on supporting better understanding of the occurrence and movement of debris flow processes.

关键词： Typhoon Morakot Debris flow Numerical simulation Jiaopu Stream Hsiaolin Village

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Development of non-overlapping multiplex antibody arrays for the quantitative measurement of 400 human and 200 mouse proteins in parallel

Development of non-overlapping multiplex antibody arrays for...

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第九届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Shuhong Luo Yingqing Mao haw-han yen Yanni Sun Zhiqiang Lv Ruopan Huang South China Biochip Research Center

Accurate detection of multiple cytokines in complex biological samples is essential to progress in immunological research.However,development of high-density multiplex sandwich-based ELISA panels is hampered by nonspecific cross-reactivity between and among target-specific reagents(i.e.,capture antibodies,detection antibodies,and/or antigens);this is particularly challenging for bead-based assays,in which all three are free to interact in solution.To overcome this bottleneck,we tested for nonspecific cross-reactivity among reagents used on our quantitative antibody arrays(in which capture antibodies are affixed to a glass slide).Combinations of reagents exhibiting nonspecific interactions were separated on discrete arrays.Using this divide-and-conquer strategy,we developed and validated 10 human and 5 mouse non-overlapping 40-plex arrays for parallel,quantitative detection of 400 human and 200 mouse proteins respectively.These markers cover the most analyzed secretory proteins such as cytokines,chemokines,growth factors,soluble receptors,and other regulatory factors.To our best knowledge,this is the highest density multiplex antibody arrays developed to date.Such a system hold a great promise in determining key factors and mechanisms in immune cell physiology and pathology,in identifying novel drug targets,and in screening for putative biomarkers from patients’samples.

关键词： antibody arrays multiplex cytokines biomarkers

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Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 as a potential prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第10期24卷 1152-1166页

作者： Hung-Wen Tsai Chung-Liang Ho Shu-Wen Cheng Yih-Jyh Lin Chou-Cheng Chen Pin-Nan Cheng Chia-Jui yen Ting-Tsung Chang Po-Min Chiang Shih-Huang Chan Cheng-Hsun Ho Shu-Hui Chen Yi-Wen Wang Nan-haw Chow Jou-Chun Lin Institute of Clinical Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Department of Pathology National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Institute of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Department of Surgery National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Department of Statistics College of Management National Cheng Kung University Research Center of Clinical Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Department of Chemistry College of Sciences National Cheng Kung University

AIM To investigate the clinicopathological significance of progesterone receptor membrane component 1(PGRMC1) and PGRMC2 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS We performed immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor(PR), PGRMC1, and PGRMC2 in a clinical cohort consisting of 89 paired HCC and non-tumor liver samples. We also analyzed HCC data(n = 373) from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA). We correlated the expression status of PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 with clinicopathological indicators and the clinical outcomes of the HCC patients. We knocked down or overexpressed PGRMC1 in HCC cell lines to evaluate its biological significance in HCC cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and invasion. RESULTS We found that few HCC cases expressed ER(5.6%) and PR(4.5%). In contrast, most HCC cases expressed PGRMC1(89.9%) and PGRMC2(100%). PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 exhibited significantly lower expression in tumor tissue than in non-tumor tissue(P < 0.001). Lower PGRMC1 expression in HCC was significantly associated with higher serum alpha-fetoprotein expression(P = 0.004), poorer tumor differentiation(P = 0.045) and liver capsule penetration(P = 0.038). Low PGRMC1 expression was an independent predictor for worse disease-free survival(P = 0.002, HR = 2.384,CI: 1.377-4.128) in our cases, as well as in the TCGA cohort(P < 0.001, HR = 2.857, CI: 1.781-4.584). The expression of PGRMC2 did not relate to patient outcome. PGRMC1 knockdown promoted a poorly differentiated phenotype and proliferation of HCC cells in vitro, while PGRMC1 overexpression caused the opposite effects.CONCLUSION PGRMC1 is a non-classical hormonal receptor that negatively regulates hepatocarcinogenesis. PGRMC1 down-regulation is associated with progression of HCC and is a poor prognostic indicator.

关键词： progesterone receptor membrane component 1 hormonal receptor proliferation hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis

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A low power 50Hz argon plasma for surface modification of polytetrafluoroethylene

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第11期24卷 1-13页

作者：刘恩婷赵伟祥李鸿俊胡浩俊陈爱虹杜德扬 Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Multimedia UniversityPersiaran CyberjayaCyberjaya 63100Malaysia

The characteristics of a low power 50 Hz argon plasma for surface treatment of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)film is presented in this article.The current–voltage behavior of the discharge and time-varying intensity of the discharge showed that a DC glow discharge was generated in reversed polarity at every half-cycle.At discharge power between 0.5 and 1 W,the measured electron temperature and density were 2–3 eV and∼10^(8) cm^(−3),respectively.The optical emission spectrum of the argon plasma showed presence of some‘impurity species’such as OH,N_(2) and H,which presumably originated from the residual air in the discharge chamber.On exposure of PTFE films to the argon glow plasma at pressure 120 Pa and discharge power 0.5 to 1 W,the water contact angle reduced by 4%to 20%from the original 114°at pristine condition,which confirms improvement of its surface wettability.The increase in wettability was attributed to incorporation of oxygen-containing functional groups on the treated surface and concomitant reduction in fluorine as revealed by the XPS analysis and increase in surface roughness analyzed from the atomic force micrographs.Ageing upon storage in ambient air showed retention of the induced increase in surface wettability.

关键词： 50 Hz glow discharge plasma surface treatment PTFE hydrophobic recovery ageing effect

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人类活动净氮输入时空变化特征及其影响因素——以香溪河流域为例

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中国环境科学 2019年第2期39卷 812-817页

作者：李晓虹刘宏斌雷秋良严颢翟丽梅武淑霞王洪媛张亦涛李影中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业部面源污染控制重点实验室北京100081 德州农工大学黑土研究与推广中心德州76502

为了阐明人类活动对三峡库区第一大支流香溪河流域氮输入的影响程度,基于人类活动净氮输入(NANI)模型估算了2001～2015年间香溪河流域乡镇水平的人类活动净氮输入,分析了氮输入的主要来源及其动态变化.结果表明:时间尺度上,香溪河流域... 详细信息

为了阐明人类活动对三峡库区第一大支流香溪河流域氮输入的影响程度,基于人类活动净氮输入(NANI)模型估算了2001～2015年间香溪河流域乡镇水平的人类活动净氮输入,分析了氮输入的主要来源及其动态变化.结果表明:时间尺度上,香溪河流域人类活动净氮输入(NANI)因氮素施用的变化而呈现先上升后下降最后上升的趋势,但2015年相对2001年的NANI下降了143kg N/(km^2·a);空间尺度上,香溪河流域NANI整体呈现北低南高的分布格局,其中NANI输入强度差异较大的区域主要有昭君镇、峡口镇和黄粮镇.从人类活动净氮输入的组成上来看,氮肥施用仍然是最主要的来源(40.06%),其次为大气氮沉降(29.98%)和食品/饲料净氮输入(27.75%),作物固氮仅占净氮输入总量的2.21%.香溪河流域的NANI与人口密度和耕地面积比例极显著相关(P<0.001);而NANI与河流氮输出的相关性不显著,香溪河流域河流氮输出占NANI的比例仅为24.28%.因此,可以通过减少氮素施用降低流域尺度氮素净输入量,但该流域NANI与河流氮输出无直接的响应关系.

关键词：人类活动净氮输入(NANI) 香溪河流域氮肥大气沉降人口密度耕地面积

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