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Theoretical framework of the Isfahani style: Inspiring sustainable aspects of a vernacular urban development

Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第2期13卷 349-369页

作者： hatef jafari sharami Seyed Jamalaldin Hosseini Department of Architecture and Urbanism University of EyvanekeyEyvanekey 99888-35918Iran Faculty of Civil and Architecture University of EyvanekeyEyvanekey 99888-35918Iran

The Isfahani style represents a method of traditional Iranian architecture and urban development that existed in the early 20th century and is regarded as a leading model in most traditional Iranian cities. It exhibits several vigorous features contributing to its recognition as a traditional approach to sustainable architecture and urban development. This research endeavors to reveal a theoretical framework beneath these inspiring aspects using the typology of sustainable modern forms, including the hierarchy, passive design strategies, compactness, density, diversity, mixed land use, pluralism, balance, good composition, and integration over time. To this end, the study employs qualitative research methods, drawing from traditional samples, to identify innovative, energy and socially efficient, and low-impact strategies implemented in this vernacular architecture of Iran's semi-arid and hot climates. The findings revealed that the neighborhood concept as a local and plural community (Mahalla) was a vital phenomenon in Iran's urban development. Apparently, the demise of this paradigm effectively played an important role in the numerous challenges regarding the social, energy, and economic viability of modern Iranian cities. Hence, this study presented theoretical frameworks—aligned with sustainable concepts—from the Isfahani style through its analysis, classification, and interpretation, which can contribute to modern urban development.

关键词： Isfahani style Vernacular urban development Sustainable urban development Iranian cities Vernacular architecture

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Investigation of Pirnia’s orientation theory (Roon) in Yazd Qajar houses

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第5期12卷 906-922页

作者： hatef jafari sharami Department of Architecture and Urbanism University of EyvanekeyEyvanekeySemnanIran

This paper carefully explains Pirnia’s theory regarding the orientation of traditional Iranian cities and buildings(Roon)and investigates the factors involved in this historic architectural *** this purpose,40 traditional Yazd Qajar houses were under *** of which are in the Rasteh Roon and close to the southwest direction,and only five contradict the direction that Pirnia had *** the primeval data indicated the theory is strengthening,the investigation followed the fundamental factors behind this *** the perspective of analysis and discussion on involved factors(climate,topography,aqueducts,urban arteries,politics,trade routes,privacy,noise,view,and religion),it turns out that the direction of the wind and sun had negligible impacts on this orientation,and architects of the Qajar era in Yazd old city did not care about these climate *** seems religious factors were more ***,despite being approvingly referenced in many scientific studies,Pirnia’s orientation theory(Roon)dthe efforts of past Iranian architects to orient buildings in a specific direction due to their unique knowledge of region and climate factorsdbecomes not solid.

关键词： Building orientation Roon theory Pirnia Qajar Yazd houses

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