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Decay of Rhizophora apiculata(Blume)and Xylocarpus granatum(Koenig)detrital sources in the Sarawak Mangrove,Malaysia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 613-623页

作者： Abu Hena Mustafa Kamal Mohammed Muzammel Hoque Mohd Hanafi Idris Osumanu haruna Ahmed Md.Khurshid Alam Bhuiyan Md.Masum Billah Md.Nesarul Hoque Zamri Rosli Department of Animal Science and Fishery Faculty of Agriculture and Food SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia Campus Bintulu97008 BintuluSarawakMalaysia School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala TerengganuTerengganu Darul ImanMalaysia Department of Crop Science Faculty of Agriculture and Food SciencesUniversity Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus97008 BintuluSarawakMalaysia Department of Physical Chemistry Faculty of Marine and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CadizPuerto Real CampusPoligono San Pedro s/n Puerto Real11519 CadizSpain The United Graduate School of Agriculture Sciences Kagoshima University1-21-24 KorimotoKagoshima 890-0056Japan Department of Forestry Faculty of Agriculture and Food SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus97008 BintuluSarawakMalaysia

Decaying mangrove detritus plays a significant role in nutrient cycling and fueling in both the forests and aquatic habitats where the detritus stems from estuarine and coastal food *** decay rates partly depend on the type of detritus,but most studies have thus far focused on leaf litter decay and decomposition,whereas other detrital sources(except for roots)have largely been *** compare the decay rates of Rhizophora apiculata and Xylocarpus granatum non-leafy detritus(flowers,propagules,stipules,and twigs)with mangrove leaf litter in field studies,using litter bags during the dry and the wet seasons in the tropical mangrove forest of Sibuti,Sarawak,*** observed higher microbial decay rates of stipules,flowers,propagules,and twigs for both the *** and *** the wet *** contrast,leaf decay rates were higher during the dry *** rates depended on the lignin content of the detrital sources of both species,both during dry and wet ***,the half-life(T0.5)and 95%lifespan(T0.95)of non-leaf materials(flowers,propagules,stipules and twigs)for both species were remarkably longer than those of leaf *** decaying non-leafy detritus may play a significant role in nutrient and carbon cycling over longer time,when leaf litter is either being decomposing rapidly and/or being washed away by tidal flush and river ***,non-leafy(flowers,propagules,stipules and twigs)detritus should be taken into account when budgeting organic matter turnover in mangroves.

关键词： Microbial decay Decay constants Non-leafy detritus Sibuti mangrove Malaysia

Depressive mood, bonding failure, and abusive parenting among mothers with three-month-old babies in a Japanese community

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2013年第3期3卷 1-7页

作者： Toshinori Kitamura Yukiko Ohashi Sachiko Kita Megumi haruna Reiko Kubo Department of Midwifery and Women’s Health University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Kitamura Institute of Mental Health Tokyo Japan Kumamoto Prefecture Kumamoto Japan

Objective: To investigate the relationships between depressive mood, bonding failure, and abusive parenting. Method: We distributed questionnaires to 1198 mothers attending a three-month postnatal health check-up in rural areas in Japan. The questionnaires assessed these three variables along with demographics. We evaluated the causal relationships by comparing different structural equation models to the data. Results: Although all the models fit the data well, the best Akaike Information Criterion was obtained from a model where both depressive mood and bonding failure predict abusive parenting, but depressive mood and bonding failure do not predict each other directly. The determinant coefficient of child abuse in the final model was 0.13. Discussion: We found depressive mood and bonding failure during postpartum period impacted negatively on mother’s parenting behaviour. Because only 13% of the variance of abusive parenting was explainable by this model, further study should be needed to identify other risk factors of child abuse. Similarly, midwives and public health nurse in community should pay attention to not only depression but also bonding failure to prevent child abuse.

关键词： Postnatal Depression Bonding Failure Child Abuse Mothers of Neonates Structural Equation Analysis

Calibration of Hydrognomon Model for Simulating the Hydrology of Urban Catchment

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2013年第2期3卷 75-78页

作者： haruna Garba Abubakar Ismail Folagbade Olusoga Peter Oriola Department of Civil Engineering Nigerian Defence Academy Kaduna Nigeria Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria.

Due to chaotic nature of flow in natural open channels and the physical processes and the unknown in a river basin variable, the parameters to be used in studying the behavior of river basin to a given rainfall data cannot be measured directly for this reason, a hydrological model was calibrated and applied to simulate the hydrology of Kaduna River (7112 sq miles) North West Nigeria. Prior to the model calibration, a sensitivity analysis of the hydrognomon model to the parameters was carried out to gain a better understanding of the correspondence between the data and the physical processes being modeled.

关键词： Calibration Model Optimization Flood Stream Flow Parameter

Assessment of Resource-Use Efficiency in Irrigated Rice Production in Dadinkowa, Gombe State, Nigeria

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第6期4卷 427-433页

作者： Suleiman Mohammed Nasiru Abubakar John E.Ochi Usman haruna Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi PMB 0248 Bauchi StateNigeria Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Federal University Dutse PMB 7156 Jigawa State Nigeria

The study examined the levels of resource-use efficiency of rice farmers unde,r irrigation method in Dadinkowa, Gombe state of Nigeria. Using questionnaire, data were collected during the year 2010 irrigation season from 120 randomly sampled rice irrigators and the data were analyzed using multiple regression and marginal analyses. Results showed that significant factors influencing irrigated rice production were labour （P 〈 0.001）, land and fertilizer （P 〈 0.01）. In addition, the coefficient of determination （R2）, the F-ratio and the standard error of the mean （S） were found to be 0.471, 16.37＊＊＊ and 8.908, respectively. The results also indicated that efficiency values of land, seeds, fertilizer and labour were 1.234, 0.498, 2.352 and 1.620, respectively. Finally, it was found that resource-use among the farmers were not efficient thus equipment, land, fertilizer and labour inputs shall be increased by 78.3%, 18.9%, 57.5% and 38.3%, respectively, while seed input shall be reduced by 50.2% for the farmers to attain optimal resource utilization.

关键词： Efficiency resource-use irrigated rice Dadinkow Gombe

Associations of Mental and Behavioral Problems among Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence Previously and Visits with Their Fathers Who Perpetrated the Violence

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第3期7卷 361-377页

作者： Sachiko Kita Megumi haruna Miku Yamaji Masayo Matsuzaki Kiyoko Kamibeppu Department of Midwifery and Women’s Health Division of Health Sciences and Nursing Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Family Nursing Division of Health Sciences and Nursing Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

Background: Intimate partner violence has long-term and negative effects on the health of mothers and children worldwide. This study aimed to identify the mental and behavioral effects of past exposure to intimate partner violence among children and examine their associations with the children’s visits with their fathers who perpetrated the intimate partner violence. Methods: A cross-sectional study of women who had been abused by their intimate partners and had one or more children aged 4 - 18 years old was conducted from March 2015 to December 2016. Questionnaires were used to collect (1) demographic data about the mothers and children, (2) information about the children’s visits with the mother’s former partner (i.e., father), and (3) psychological data using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Child Behavior Checklist/4 - 18. Results: The average scores and rates of internalizing, externalizing, and total problems among the children who had been exposed to intimate partner violence were: 10.8 (SD = 10.4), 26 (51.0%);9.0 (SD = 9.0), 14 (27.5%);and 26.3 (SD = 21.5), 15 (29.4%), respectively. Children’s visits with fathers who were IPV perpetrators were significantly associated with the internalizing (AOR = 12.6, β = 0.56;p β = 0.48;p Conclusion: Attention should focus on traumatized children exposed to intimate partner violence, and thorough and cautious assessments and decisions regarding visits with their fathers who are IPV perpetrators are essential to safeguard and improve their mental and behavioral health.

关键词： Child Abuse Exposure to Violence Intimate Partner Violence Mental and Behavioral Health Visitation

Water Supply Dilemma in Nigerian Rural Communities: Looking Towards the Sky for an Answer

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2011年第8期3卷 598-606页

作者： H. T Ishaku M. R Majid A. A Ajayi A haruna 不详

Access to safe water supply has great influence on the health, economic productivity and quality of life of the people. But meeting this need is one of the major challenges facing the rural communities of Nigeria today. The purpose of this review paper is to determine whether water supply have contributed effectively to health, social, and cultural development of Nigerian rural communities. Over 70% of households in rural communities do not have access to improved water supply. They rely solely on self-water supply (free source) such as rivers, perennial streams, water ponds and unprotected wells which is susceptible to water borne diseases such as typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery, malaria parasites etc. These rural populations are engaged in farming activities with low income level living in small scattered settlements thus, making provision of piped water supply very difficult. Governments’ interventions towards rural water supply have been through the provision of hand-operated boreholes and wells. These sources yield little or no water during the dry season and are prone to frequent breakdown;leading water crisis and shortages. This situation forces households especially the women and children to spend more time walking longer distances during the dry season to trot water for domestic purposes. Given the fact that the publicly operated water supply have not been able to cope with increasing demand, there is a need for a paradigm shift from the public monopoly of water supply to an innovative approach. Rainwater harvesting technology appears to be one of such alternative approaches.

关键词： Nigeria Rural Communities Water Scarcity Dilemma Rainwater Harvesting

Linearization of Emden Differential Equation via the Generalized Sundman Transformations

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2021年第3期11卷 163-168页

作者： Joel Mvendaga Orverem Yusuf haruna Bala Ma’aji Abdulhamid Magaji Yunbunga Adamu Department of Mathematical Sciences Federal University Dutsin-Ma Katsina State Nigeria Department of Mathematical Sciences Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi Nigeria

The Emden differential equation is one of the most widely studied and challenging nonlinear dynamics equations in literature. It finds applications in various areas of study such as celestial mechanics, fluid mechanics, Steller structure, isothermal gas spheres, thermionic currents and so on. Because of the importance of the equation, the method of generalized Sundman transformation (GST) as proposed by Nakpim and Meleshko is used for linearizing the Emden differential equation. The Emden differential equation considered here is a modification of the equation given by Berkovic. The results obtained in this paper imply that the Emden equation cannot be linearized by a point transformation. The general solution of the modified Emden equation is also obtained.

关键词： Emden Differential Equation Second Order Ordinary Differential Equation Generalized Sundman Transformation Linearization

The Role of Private Water Vending in Nigeian Peri-Urban Informal Settlements: Implication for Policy Makers

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2010年第12期2卷 1082-1087页

作者： Hassan Tsenbeya Ishaku Ajayi Abayomi Peters Ali haruna Fabian Mazawuje Dama 不详

This paper presents a study of water vending in 3 informal settlements of Yola North in Adamawa State of Nigeria. These settlements represent the fast growing urban areas often dwelling in unplanned and unsecured tenure. Access to safe water supply has great influence on the health, economic productivity and quality of life of the people. But meeting this need is one of the major challenges facing the urban communities of Nigeria today. A field survey was conducted in the area with 100 observations of households in each of the three informal settlements. These settlements are Sabongari -University village, Vinikilang and Wuro Jabbe. The survey solicited for response concerning household water source, water per capita use and household size. Findings revealed that about 92% of respondent in Sabongari-University village, 66% in Vinikilang and 87% in Wuro Jabbe depend on vended water from borehole, hand dug well as well as surface water sources which are delivered by hand pushed trucks. Owing to the absence of piped water networks in the study area, households are forced to rely on available water sources which are precursor to water borne diseases. It is advocated that the public agencies should evolve special programs for regularizing informal settlements, meaning the legalization of land tenure, layout corrections and service upgrading if service is to meet the poor informal dwellers.

关键词： Implication for Policy Makers Private Water Vending Peri-urban Informal Settlements

On the Time Series Forecasting of Road Traffic Accidents in Ondo State of Nigeria

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Journal of Statistical Science and Application 2015年第5期3卷 153-162页

作者： B. A. Afere S. A. Oyewole I. haruna Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics Federal Polytechnic Idah Kogi State Nigeria. Dept. of Computer Science Federal Polytechnic Idah Kogi State Nigeria.

This paper focuses on time series forecasting of monthly occurrence of fatal road accidents in Ondo State of Nigeria. Its aim, however, is to use time series analysis to analyze the data obtained from Federal Road Safety Corps （FRSC）, Ondo State Command; which was considered in two cases： the total cases reported （TCR） and the number of deaths resulted from accidents （NOD）. Various smoothing models for time series were used to analyze the two cases. Based on the models, predictions were made and the results show a steady increase as a result of long-term effects on road accidents for the two cases. It was found also that simple exponential smoothing model is the appropriate model for both TCR and NOD.

关键词： Forecasting Time Series Ondo State Road traffic accidents Exponential smoothing.