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Pancreaticoduodenectomy following total gastrectomy:A case report and literature review

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第10期20卷 2721-2724页

作者： Satoshi Yokoyama Akinori Sekioka Kohei Ueno Yasuhiro Higashide Yuko Okishio Nao Kawaguchi Takeshi Hagihara harumi yamada Ryo Kamimura Michio Kuwahara Masato Ichimiya Hirofumi Utsunomiya Shiro Uyama Hiroaki Kato Department of Surgery Japanese Red Cross Society Wakayama Medical Center Wakayama 640-8558 Japan

We present a case of afferent loop syndrome(ALS)occurring after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)in a patient who had previously undergone total gastrectomy(TG),and review the English-language literature concerning reconstruction procedures following PD in patients who had undergone *** patient was a69-year-old man who had undergone TG reconstruction by a Roux-en-Y method at age 58 *** patient underwent PD for pancreas head adenocarcinoma.A jejunal limb previously made at the prior TG was used for pancreaticojejunostomy and *** normal patency of the hepaticojejunostomy,he suffered from repeated postoperative cholangitis which was brought on by ALS due to shortness of the jejunal limb(15 cm in length).We therefore performed receliotomy in which the hepaticojejunostomy was disconnected and reconstructed using a new Y limb 40-cm in length constructed in a double Roux-en-Y *** refractory cholangitis resolved immediately after the receliotomy and did not *** of the literature revealed the lack of any current consensus for a standard procedure for reconstruction following PD in patients who had previously undergone *** issue warrants further attention,particularly given the expected future increase in the number of PDs in patients with a history of gastric cancer.

关键词： Pancreaticoduodenectomy following total gastrectomy Afferent loop syndrome after pancreaticoduodenectomy

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Association between head-and-neck cancers and active and passive cigarette smoking

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Health 2012年第9期4卷 619-624页

作者： Yukiomi Kushihashi Yoshiyuki Kadokura Syuhei Takiguchi Yoshiyuki Kyo Yoshihiro yamada Miki Shino Masato Kano harumi Suzaki Department of Internal Medicine Shinnakagawa Hospital Yokohama Japan Department of Otorhinolaryngology Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital Yokohama Japan Department of Otorhinolaryngology Showa University Tokyo Japan

Although there have been many reports on the toxicity of tobacco smoke, fewer studies have reported the relationship between the smoke and carcinogenesis of head-and-neck cancers. It is assumed that direct stimulations due to tobacco smoke, such as chemical and mechanical stimulations, strongly influence the epithelium of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and larynx. We investigated the influence of active and passive cigarette smoking on head-and-neck cancers. The subjects were 283 head-and-neck cancer patients examined at the otolaryngology department of Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital in a 9-year and 2-month period from April 2001 to June 2010, in whom the presence or absence of active and passive cigarette smoking could be confirmed in detail. The active and passive smoking rates and the Brinkman index were retrospectively investigated according to the primary cancer site, gender, and histopathological classification. The active and passive smoking rates were high (about 90%) in patients with hypopharyngeal, laryngeal, and cervical esophageal cancers, and the Brinkman index was high in all. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients accounted for a high ratio of the head-and-neck cancer patients, and the active and passive smoking rates were significantly higher in SCC than in non-squamous cell carcinoma (non-SCC) patients (p < 0.0003). The active and passive smoking rates and the Brinkman index were high in patients with head-and-neck cancers in regions receiving strong direct stimulation from tobacco smoke, and the Brinkman index was also high in these patients, suggesting that carcinogenesis of head-and-neck cancers is strongly influenced by direct tobacco smoke stimulation.

关键词： Head-and-Neck Cancers Squamous Cell Carcinoma Active Smoking Rate Passive Smoking Rate Brinkman Index

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Multi-Schlieren CT Measurements of Supersonic Microjets from Circular and Square Micro Nozzles

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Journal of Flow Control, Measurement & Visualization 2020年第3期8卷 77-101页

作者： Ahmad Zaid Nazari Yojiro Ishino Yuta Ishiko Fumiya Ito harumi Kondo Ryoya yamada Takanori Motohiro Yoshiaki Miyazato Shinichiro Nakao Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Department Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering The University of Kitakyushu Kitakyushu Japan

Instantaneous three-dimensional (3D) density distributions of a shock-cell structure of perfectly and imperfectly expanded supersonic microjets escaping into an ambient space are measured. For the 3D observation of supersonic microjets, non-scanning 3D computerized tomography (CT) technique using a 20-directional quantitative schlieren optical system with flashlight source is employed for simultaneous schlieren photography. The 3D density distributions data of the microjets are obtained by 3D-CT reconstruction of the projection’s images using maximum likelihood-expectation maximization. Axisymmetric convergent-divergent (Laval) circular and square micro nozzles with operating nozzle pressure ratio 5.0, 4.5, 4.0, 3.67, and 3.5 have been studied. This study examines perfectly expanded, overexpanded, and underexpanded supersonic microjets issued from micro nozzles with fully expanded jet Mach numbers Mj ranging from 1.47 - 1.71, where the design Mach number is Md = 1.5. A complex phenomenon for free square microjets called axis switching is clearly observed with two types “upright” and “diagonal” of “cross-shaped”. The initial axis-switching is 45° within the first shock-cell range. In addition, from the symmetry and diagonal views of square microjets for the first shock-cells, two different patterns of shock waves are viewed. The shock-cell spacing and supersonic core length for all nozzle pressure ratios are investigated and reported.

关键词： Supersonic Microjet Multi-Directional Quantitative Schlieren Optical System Three-Dimensional (3D) Measurement Computerized Tomography (CT) Circular and Square Micro Laval Nozzles

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Quantitative Schlieren Image-Noise Reduction Using Inverse Process and Multi-Path Integration

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Journal of Flow Control, Measurement & Visualization 2020年第2期8卷 25-44页

作者： Ahmad Zaid Nazari Yojiro Ishino Fumiya Ito harumi Kondo Ryoya yamada Takanori Motohiro Yu Saiki Yoshiaki Miyazato Shinichiro Nakao Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Department Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering The University of Kitakyushu Kitakyushu Japan

This report deals with introducing two new techniques based on a novel concept of complex brightness gradient in quantitative schlieren images, “inverse process” and “multi-path integration” for image-noise reduction. Noise in schlieren images affects the projections (density thickness) images of computerized tomography (CT). One spot noise in the schlieren image appears in a line shape in the density thickness image. Noise effect like an infectious disease spreads from a noisy pixel to the next pixel in the direction of single-path integration. On the one hand, the noise in the schlieren image reduces the quality of the image and quantitative analysis and is undesirable;on the other it is unavoidable. Therefore, the importance of proper noise reduction techniques seems essential and tangible. In the present report, a novel technique “multi-path integration” is proposed for noise reduction in projections images of CT. Multi-path integration is required the schlieren brightness gradient in two orthogonal directions. The 20-directional quantitative schlieren optical system presents only images of schlieren brightness in the horizontal gradient and another 20-directional optical system seems necessary to obtain vertical schlieren brightness gradient, simultaneously. Using the “inverse process”, a new technique enables us to obtain vertical schlieren brightness gradient from horizontal experimental data without the necessity of a new optical system and can be used for obtaining any optional directions of schlieren brightness gradient.

关键词： Noise Reduction Technique Inverse Process Quantitative Schlieren Optical System Complex Schlieren Brightness Computerized Tomography (CT)

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