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A model to estimate available timber and forest biomass and reforestation expenses in a mountainous region in Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 345-356页

作者： Kazuhiro Aruga Ayami Murakami Chikara Nakahata Reiko Yamaguchi Masashi saito Kanae Kanetsuki Department of Forest Science Faculty of Agriculture Utsunomiya University Frontier Agriscience and Technology Center Faculty of Agriculture Shinshu University Nasunogahara Land Improvement Districts

We developed a model to estimate supply potentials and available amounts of timber and forest biomass resources from profitable sub-compartments of thinning and final felling operations. Economic balances were estimated while considering not only harvesting expenses but also reforestation expenses after final felling, which should be considered for sustainable forest management. Harvesting expenses were estimated based on two types of timber harvesting systems and three types of forest biomass harvesting systems in each sub-compartment. Then, the model was applied to Nasushiobara city of Tochigi prefecture, Japan. Reforestation expenses had large negative impacts on the financial balances of final felling operations. Few sub-compartments were profitable after considering reforestation expenses. Most profitable sub-compartments were those with mechanized operation systems and landing sales. These accounted for 17.19% of all sub-compartments, while only 5.75% of the sub-compartments were profitable based on their current operation systems and landing sales. Although the overall supply potentials of timber and forest biomass resources were 380,000 m3 and 210,000 Mg, respectively, and 15 times the planned harvest of coniferous tree volume of 25,000 m3year-1 and 50 times the annual demand for the woody gasification power generation of 4,000 Mg year-1 in Nasushiobara, available amounts of timber and forest biomass resources were only49,429 m3 and 33,333 Mg, which were 13.0% and 15.7% of supply potentials for landing sales with mechanized operation systems.

关键词： forest biomass resources supply potentials available amounts economic balance GIS

Corrosion behavior of hypereutectic Al-23%Si alloy (AC9A) processed by severe plastic deformation

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第2期20卷 195-200页

作者：江静华马爱斌宋丹 N. saito 袁玉春 Y. NISHIDA College of Materials Science and Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 2266-98 Anagahora Shimoshidami Moriyama-ku Nagoya 463-8560 Japan

Ultrafine-grained(UFG) hypereutectic Al-23%Si (mass fraction) alloy was achieved through equal-channel angular pressing(EACP) procedure. And the electrochemical properties after various ECAP passes were investigated in neutral NaCl solution. Potentiostatic polarization curves show that the corrosion potential of the ECAPed sample after 4 passes decreases markedly, while the corrosion current density reaches 1.37 times that of the as-cast alloy. However, the φcorr and Jcorr values after 16 passes are improved and approach those of the as-cast alloy. Immersion tests also show that the mass-loss ratio of ECAPed alloy decreases with increasing the pressing pass, which is lowered to 28.7% with the increase of pass number from 4 to 16. Pitting susceptibility of the ECAPed alloy after initial 4 passes is boosted, due to the presence of biggish voids resulted from the breakage of brittle large primary silicon crystals during ECAP. Increasing ECAP pass makes the voids evanesce and results in the homogeneous ultrafine-grained structure, contributing to a higher pitting resistance. These results indicate that enough ECAP passes are beneficial to increasing corrosion resistance of the hypereutectic Al-23%Si alloy.

关键词：铸态合金变形加工过共晶腐蚀行为 Al Si 超细晶结构塑性

Combined preoperative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and serum carbohydrate antigen 19–9 level as a prognostic factor in patients with resected pancreatic cancer

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2019年第3期18卷 278-284页

作者： Teruhisa Sakamoto Hiroaki saito Masataka Amisaki Naruo Tokuyasu Soichiro Honjo Yoshiyuki Fujiwara Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery School of Medicine Tottori University Faculty of Medicine

Background: Carbohydrate antigen 19–9(CA19-9) is the most frequently used tumor marker and serves as a prognostic indicator in patients with pancreatic cancer(PC). The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR) is thought to be an inflammation-related serum marker. An elevated PLR represents increased inflammatory status and is associated with poor prognosis in patients with various cancers including PC. Methods: This study involved 103 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent pancreatectomy. The patients were assessed to determine the prognostic significance of the combination of the PLR and CA19-9 level. Results: Based on the receiver operating characteristic analysis results, the patients were divided into PLR H igh(PLR ≥ 129.1) andPLRLow(PLR < 129.1) groups and into CA19-9High(CA19-9 ≥ 74.0 U/mL) and CA19-9Low(CA19-9 < 74.0 U/mL) groups. The cumulative 5-year overall survival(OS) and disease-specific survival(DSS) rates significantly differed by both the PLR(PLR H igh group: 19.5% and 22.9%;PLRLow group: 39.1% and 45.9%) and CA19-9(CA19-9 H igh group: 19.1% and 25.6%;CA19-9Low group: 41.0% and 41.0%). We then divided the patients into Groups A(PLR L ow/CA19-9Low), B(PLR Low/CA19-9High or PLRHigh/CA19-9Low), and C(PLR H igh/CA19-9High). The cumulative 5-year OS rates in Groups A, B, and C were 44.0%, 31.9%, and 11.9%, respectively( P = 0.002). The cumulative 5-year DSS rates in Groups A, B, and C were 47.7%, 36.4%, and 16.8%, respectively( P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that the combination of the PLR and CA19-9 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with resected PC. Conclusions: The combination of the PLR and CA19-9 is useful for predicting the prognosis of patients with resected PC.

关键词： CA19-9 Pancreatic cancer Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio Prognosis

Combustion synthesis of YAG:Ce phosphors via the thermite reaction of aluminum

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第3期36卷 248-256页

作者： Junpei Ohyama Chunyu Zhu Genki saito Miki Haga Takahiro Nomura Norihito Sakaguchi Tomohiro Akiyama Center for Advanced Research of Energy and Materials Hokkaido UniversityKita 13 Nishi 8KitakuSapporo 060-8628Japan Division of Applied Chemistry&Frontier Chemistry Center Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University5apporoHokkaido 060-8628Japan Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University SapporoHokkaido 060-8628Japan

Cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet（YAG：Ce） as a yellow phosphor for white light-emitting diodes（LEDs） was synthesized via a facile combustion method using Y2 O3, CeO2, Al2 O3, Al,and NaClO4 as raw materials. The combustion synthesis approach utilizes the strong exothermic oxidation of aluminum to realize a self-sustaining reaction. In this study, we investigated the effects of the ratios of Al2 O3 to AI,fluxes, and coprecipitated materials as raw materials on the luminescence properties of the synthesized YAG：Ce phosphors. When the amount of Al2 O3 x is varied, the combustion reaction proceeds at x ≤ 1.8,with x = 1.725 being the optimum condition for producing a high-performance product. When 5 wt%BaF2 is added, the luminescence intensity is significantly improved owing to a decrease of YAP（YAlO3）formation with improved uniformity. However, the addition of CaF2 and NaF does not improve the luminescence properties. To suppress the segregation of CeO2, we used the coprecipitated material Y2 O3-CeO2 as a raw material. Unlike with separate addition of Y2 O3 and CeO2, Ce ions are uniformly distributed in the coprecipitated material, resulting in improved luminescence properties. The combination of BaF2 and coprecipitated material significantly improves the internal quantum efficiency to83.0%, which is close to that of commercial phosphors.

关键词： Phosphor Yttrium aluminum garnet Combustion synthesis Flux Coprecipitated material Rare earths

Effectiveness of narrow-band imaging magnification for invasion depth in early colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第14期16卷 1727-1734页

作者： Masakatsu Fukuzawa Yutaka saito Takahisa Matsuda Toshio Uraoka Takao Itoi Fuminori Moriyasu Division of Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital Tokyo 1040045 Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo 1600023 Japan Department of Endoscopy Okayama University Hospital Okayama 7008558 Japan Microvasculature

AIM: To evaluate the surface microvascular patterns of early colorectal cancer (ECC) using narrow-band imaging (NBI) with magnification and its effectiveness for invasion depth diagnosis. METHODS: We studied 112 ECC lesions [mucosal/ submucosal superficial (m/sm-s), 69; sm-deep (sm-d), 43] ≥ 10 mm that subsequently underwent endoscopic or surgical treatment at our hospital. We compared microvascular architecture revealed by NBI with magnification to histological findings and then to magnifi- cation colonoscopy pit pattern diagnosis. RESULTS: Univariate analysis indicated vessel density: non-dense (P < 0.0001); vessel regularity: negative (P < 0.0001); caliber regularity: negative (P < 0.0001); vessel length: short (P < 0.0001); and vessel meandering: positive (P = 0.002) occurred significantly more often with sm-d invasion than m/sm-s invasion. Multivariate analysis showed sm-d invasion was independently associated with vessel density: non-dense[odds ratio (OR) = 402.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 12.4-13 133.1] and vessel regularity: negative (OR = 15.9, 95% CI: 1.2-219.1). Both of these findings when combined were an indicator of sm-d invasion with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 81.4%, 100% and 92.9%, respectively. Pit pattern diagnosis sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, meanwhile, were 86.0%, 98.6% and 93.8%, respectively, thus, the NBI with magnification findings of non-dense vessel density and negative vessel regularity when combined together were comparable to pit pattern diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Non-dense vessel density and/or negative vessel regularity observed by NBI with magnification could be indicators of ECC sm-d invasion.

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Narrow-band imaging Microvasculature

Genetic relationships among sympatric varieties of Acer mono in the Chichibu Mountains and Central Hokkaido, Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第4期28卷 699-704页

作者： Chunping Liu Jian Cong Hailong Shen Cunxue Lin Yoko saito Yuji Ide State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China Foreign Capital Project Office Forestry Department of Liaoning ProvinceShenyang 110036China Mudanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Mudianjiang 157041China Laboratory of Forest Ecosystem Studies Department of Ecosystem StudiesGraduate School of Agriculture and Life ScienceThe University of TokyoYayoi 1-1-1Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8657Japan

Acer mono Maxim. is one of the major components of cool temperate forests in Japan. Some of its many varieties are distributed sympatrically. Because of its great variability, the intraspecific taxonomy and nomenclature of the species are controversial. To understand the genetic relationships among these varieties and whether hybridization or introgression occurred among the sympatric varieties, we studied the genetic relationships among sympatric varieties of A. mono in the Chichibu Mountains (A. mono var. ambiguum, A. mono var. connivens, A. mono var. marmoratum) and Central Hokkaido (A. mono var. mayrii and A. mono var. glabrum) in Japan. Our results showed that varieties in Chichibu are genetically close, suggesting that hybridization or introgression might occur between these varieties, which could explain the higher genetic diversity of varieties in Chichibu than in Hokkaido. In contrast to the close relationships between the varieties in Chichibu, varieties in Hokkaido seemed relatively separated from each other; indeed, there may be reproductive isolation between the two varieties. The results provide new insight for the taxonomy of the varieties of A. mono, especially the sympatric varieties, in Japan.

关键词： Genetic differentiation Hybridization Introgression Maple nSSR

Operational efficiencies and costs of an arm roll forwarder: A case study at Nasu in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 577-583页

作者： Kazuhiro Aruga Yuto Otsuka Chikara Nakahata Reiko Yamaguchi Masashi saito Mayu Nagasaki Department of Forest Science Faculty of Agriculture Utsunomiya University350 Mine Utsunomiya 321-8505 Japan Frontier Agriscience and Technology Center Faculty of Agriculture Shinshu UniversityNagano 399-4598 Japan Japan Wood Energy Co. Ltd.Tokyo 198-0036

We investigated a developed arm roll forwarder at Nasu in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. An arm roll forwarder can only load a steel container that has been fully loaded with logs beforehand, and can later unload such a container. Such a forwarder can shorten the loading and untoading times and improve operational efficiency. We examined two operation systems with an arm roll forwarder and a forwarder. In the first system the loading was done with a grapple-loader. In the second system the loading was done with a processor. The loading times of an arm roll forwarder were significantly tess than those of a forwarder. Because the optimal cycle times （excluding the waiting times for an arm roll for- warder） were significantly reduced, the costs of using an arm roll for- warder are lower, although the loading capacity was small and the hourly operation cost was high. The maximum operational efficiencies varied depending on forwarding distances. The second operation system with an arm roll forwarder exhibited the best operational efficiency within a 1,580-m forwarding distance, and beyond that distance it exhibited the highest operational efficiency when a forwarder was used. Similarly, the cost of operation of the system with an arm roll forwarder was the lowest within a 1,130-m forwarding distance, and beyond that distance the cost was the lowest when using the forwarder. Therefore, the arm roll for- warder is effective within a certain forwarding distance.

关键词： arm roll forwarder steel container operational efficiency cost forwarding distance

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Visible-light Induced Photocatalyst with Nitrogen and Carbon Doping

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过程工程学报 2006年第3期6卷 477-481页

作者：殷澍 Maskazu Komatsu 张其武李锐星唐清 Fumio saito Tsugio Sato Inst. Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials Tohoku Univ.2-1-1KatahiraAoba-kuSendaiMiyagi 980-8577Japan

Nitrogen and/or carbon doped titania photocatalysts were prepared by a novel mechanochemical method. The prepared powders possessed two absorption edges around 400 and 540 nm wavelengths and showed excellent photocatalytic ability for nitrogen monoxide oxidation under visible light irradiation. Under the irradiation of visible light of wavelength >510 nm,37% of nitrogen monoxide could be continuously removed by the carbon and nitrogen co-doped titania prepared by planetary ball milling of P-25 titania–10% hexamethylenetetramine mixture followed by calcination in air at 400-C.

关键词： mechanochemical synthesis titania photocatalyst carbon and nitrogen doping nitrogen monoxide oxidation

Evidence for structural phase transitions and large effective band gaps in quasi-metallic ultra-clean suspended carbon nanotubes

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Nano Research 2013年第10期6卷 736-744页

作者： Shun-Wen Chang Rohan Dhall Moh Amer Kentaro Sato Riichiro saito Stephen Cronin Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA Department of Chemistry University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan

我们由在静电的门潜力下面检验他们的拉曼系列和电子运输在单个推迟的金属性的碳 nanotubes 为结构的阶段转变报导证据。当前门的电压特征象 240 兆电子伏一样高揭示反常地大的伪金属性的乐队差距，最大迄今为止报导了。为有比 200 兆... 详细信息

我们由在静电的门潜力下面检验他们的拉曼系列和电子运输在单个推迟的金属性的碳 nanotubes 为结构的阶段转变报导证据。当前门的电压特征象 240 兆电子伏一样高揭示反常地大的伪金属性的乐队差距，最大迄今为止报导了。为有比 200 兆电子伏大的乐队差距的 nanotubes，我们在 2D 乐队的门依赖观察显著 M 形状侧面(或 G 乐队) 拉曼频率。显著剧降(或弄软) 零扇门附近的声子模式，电压能被归因于发生在费用中性点(CNP ) 的结构的阶段转变(SPT ) 。2D 乐队拉曼紧张也在 CNP 附近突然地变化，在格子对称和可能的 SPT 换换花样提供进一步的证据。然而，显著非断热的效果在 G 乐队拉曼模式的门依赖被观察这行为在 CNP 附近从非断热的理论背离。为有比 200 兆电子伏大的乐队差距的 nanotubes，非断热的效果应该大部分被压制，它没试验性地被观察。这个数据建议这些大有效乐队差距被 SPT 首先引起到一个绝缘的状态，它引起在 CNP 附近在传导力观察的大调整。为这 SPT 的可能的机制被讨论，包括电子电子(例如，莫特) 并且电子声子(例如， Peierls ) 驾驶转变。

关键词：有效带隙碳纳米管结构相变金属性证据悬浮非绝热效应拉曼光谱