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Bacterobilia in pancreatic surgery-conclusions for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第41期25卷 6238-6247页

作者： Colin Markus Kruger Ulrich Adam Thomas Adam Axel Kramer Claus D Heidecke Frank Makowiec hartwig riediger Department of Surgery Immanuel Hospital RüdersdorfBerlin 15562Germany Department of General Surgery Vivantes-Humboldt hospitalBerlin 13503Germany Department of Microbiology Labor Berlin GmbHBerlin 13353Germany Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine University Medicine GreifswaldGreifswald 17495Mecklenburg VorpommernGermany Department of Surgery Clinic of GeneralVisceralVascular and Thoracic SurgeryUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswald 17475Mecklenburg VorpommernGermany Section of clinical risk assessment University hospital of FreiburgFreiburg 79106Baden-WürttembergGermany

BACKGROUND Jaundice or preoperative cholestasis(PC)are typical symptoms of pancreatic *** 50%of patients undergo preoperative biliary drainage(PBD)*** is a common cause of bacterobilia(BB)and is a known surgical site infection risk *** adjustment of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis(PAP)may be reasonable according to the profile of *** this,we examined the microbiological findings in routine series of *** To investigate the incidence and profile of biliary bacterial colonization in patients undergoing pancreatic head *** In the period from January 2009 to December 2015,285 consecutive pancreatic head resections were *** for surgery were malignancy(71%),chronic pancreatitis(18%),and others(11%).A PBD was in 51%and PC was in 42%.The standard PAP was ampicillin/***,a smear was taken from the hepatic *** analysis of the isolated species and resistograms was *** were categorized according to the presence or absence of PC(PC+/PC-)and PBD(PBD+/PBD-)into four *** efficiency was analyzed for standard PAP and possible *** BB was present in 150 patients(53%).BB was significantly more frequent in PBD+(n=120)than in PBD-(n=30),P<*** was present both in patients with PC and without PC:(PBD-/PC-:18%,PBD-/PC+:30%,PBD+/PC-:88%,PBD+/PC+:80%).BB was more frequent in malignancy(56%)than in chronic pancreatitis(45%).PBD,however,was the only independent risk factor in multivariate *** total,357 pathogens(342 bacteria and 15 fungi)were *** five most common groups(n=256,74.8%)were Enterococcus spp.(28.4%),Streptococcus spp.(16.9%),Klebsiella spp.(12.6%),Escherichia coli(10.5%),and Enterobacter spp.(6.4%).A polymicrobial BB(PBD+:77% vs PBD-:40%,P<0.01)and a more frequent detection of Enterococcus(P<0.05)was significantly associated with PBD+.In PBD+,the efficiency of imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam was significantl

关键词： Pancreatic surgery Bacteriobilia Antibiotic prophylaxis Cholestasis Cholangiopancreatography Endoscopic retrograde

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Analyzing the effect of earthquakes on OpenStreetMap contribution patterns and tweeting activities

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2018年第3期21卷 195-212页

作者： Ahmed Ahmouda hartwig H.Hochmair Sreten Cvetojevic Geomatics Program Fort Lauderdale Research and Education CenterUniversity of FloridaFloridaFort LauderdaleUSA

Natural disasters,such as wildfires,earthquakes,landslides,or floods,lead to an increase in topical information shared on social media and in increased mapping activities in volunteered geographic information(VGI)*** earthquakes in Nepal and Central Italy as case studies,this research analyzes the effects of natural disasters on short-term(weeks)and longer-term(half year)changes in OpenStreetMap(OSM)mapping behavior and tweet activities in the affected *** increase of activities in OSM during the events can be partially attributed to those focused OSM mapping campaigns,for example,through the Humanitarian OSM Team(HOT).Using source tags in OSM change-sets,it was found that only a small portion of external mappers actually travels to the affected regions,whereas the majority of external mappers relies on desktop mapping ***,the study analyzes the spatio-temporal sequence of posted tweets together with keyword filters to identify a subset of users who most likely traveled to the affected regions for support and rescue *** also explores where,geographically,earthquake information spreads within social networks.

关键词： Volunteered geographic information(VGI) OpenStreetMap(OSM) Twitter natural disaster human dynamics

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Where to catch'em all?-a geographic analysis of Pokémon Go locations

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2017年第3期20卷 241-251页

作者： Levente Juhász hartwig H.Hochmair Geomatics Program University of FloridaFort LauderdaleFLUSA

In 2016,Niantic Labs released Pokémon Go,an augmented reality smartphone game that attracted millions of users *** game allows users to“catch”Pokémons through their mobile cameras in different geographic locations that often correspond to prominent *** paper analyzes the distribution of PokéStops,Pokémon gyms,and spawnpoints in selected urban areas of South Florida and *** identifies which socioeconomic variables and landuse categories affect the density of PokéStops,and how PokéStops and gyms cluster relative to each *** nearest neighbor analysis,this paper assesses also how actual PokéStop locations are reflected in Yelp’s“PokéStop nearby”*** show that black and Hispanic neighborhoods are disadvantaged when it comes to crowd-sourced data coverage,that PokéStops occur more frequently in commercial,recreational and touristic sites and around universities,and that PokéStops tend to cluster around *** latter suggests that these point sets were generated by a similar location selection *** mitigate geographically linked biases,future versions of augmented reality and geo-games should aim to make them equally accessible in all areas,for example by placing extra resources,such as points of interest,in neighborhoods that are currently underrepresented in data coverage.

关键词： Pokémon Go VGI(Volunteered Geographic Information) Yelp cluster South Florida Boston HCl(human-computer interaction)

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The feasibility of coating by cooling crystallization on ibuprofen naked tablets

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第2期11卷 211-219页

作者： Fatima Mameri Ouahiba Koutchoukali Mohamed Bouhelassa Anne hartwig Leila Nemdili Joachim Ulrich University Constantine 3 Engineering Faculty of Pharmaceutical Processes 25000 Constantine Algeria Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Center of Engineering Science Thermal Process Engineering D-06099 Halle Germany

Sugar spray coating is a frequently used process in the pharmaceutical industry. However, this process presents the disadvantage to form an amorphous coating around the active ingredient. A crystalline coating formed on the surface of a tablet is highly desirable. Recently, a new process of coating by cooling crystallization has been developed and applied on bisacodyl pastilles obtained by melt crystallization. In this work, we investigated the feasibility of coating by cooling crystallization on ibuprofen ＂naked tablets＂ manufactured by compression. In the first part of this work, the solubility and the metastable zone width have been determined experimentally for the coating solution because they are essential factors for any crystallization process. In the second part, the coating process is investigated on the operating conditions that affect the surface morphology and the crystal growth rate. These experimental conditions include concentration of the coating solution, degree of sub-cooling, agitation speed, retention time, and surface properties of the naked ibuprofen tablets. The results show that naked tablet coating by cooling crystallization is feasible and can be applied in the pharmaceutical industry.

关键词： coating solution crystallization ibuprofen tablets sucrose

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Radical prostatectomy in patients aged 75 years or older:review of the literature

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第1期21卷 32-36页

作者： Philipp Mandel Thenappan Chandrasekar Felix K Chun hartwig Huland Derya Tilki Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center University Hospital Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg 20246Germany Division of Urology Department of Surgical Oncology Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health Network and the University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5G 2M9Canada Department of Urology University Hospital Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg 20246Germany

Given the demographic trends toward a considerably longer life expectancy,the percentage of elderly patients with prostate cancer will increase further in the upcoming ***,the question arises,should patients ≥75 years old be offered radical prostatectomy and under which circumstances? For treatment decision-making,life expectancy is more important than biological *** a result,a patient's health and mental status has to be determined and radical treatment should only be offered to those who are *** perioperative morbidity and mortality in these patients is increased relative to younger patients,patient selection according to comorbidities is a key issue that needs to be *** is known from the literature that elderly men show notably worse tumor characteristics,leading to worse oncologic outcomes after ***,elderly patients also demonstrate worse postoperative recovery of continence and erectile *** the absolute rates of both oncological and functional outcomes are still very reasonable in patients ≥75 years,a radical prostatectomy can be offered to highly selected and healthy elderly patients. Nevertheless,patients clearly need to be informed about the worse outcomes and higher perioperative risks compared to younger patients.

关键词： age functional outcome oncological outcome prostate cancer radical prostatectomy

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Constitutive modeling of ultra?fine?grained titanium flow stress for machining temperature prediction

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2019年第3期2卷 153-160页

作者： Jinqiang Ning Vinh Nguyen Yong Huang Karl T.hartwig Steven Y.Liang George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology801 Ferst DriveAtlantaGA 30332USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Florida231 MAE-AP.O.Box 116250GainesvilleFL 32611USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University3123 TAMUCollege StationTX 77843?3123USA

This work investigates the machining temperatures of ultra-fine-grained titanium(UFG Ti),prepared by equal channel angular extrusion,through analytical *** Ti has great usefulness in biomedical applications because of its high mechanical strength,sufficient manufacturability,and high *** temperatures were predicted using a physics-based predictive model based on material constitutive relation and mechanics of the orthogonal cutting *** minimization between the stress calculated using Johnson–Cook constitutive model and the same stress calculated using mechanics model yields the estimation of machining temperatures at two deformation *** agreements are observed upon validation to the values reported in the *** machinability of UFG Ti is investigated by comparing its machining temperature to that of Ti–6Al–4V alloy under the same cutting *** lower temperatures are observed in machining UFG *** computational efficiency of the presented model is investigated by comparing its average computational time(~0.5 s)to that of a widely used modified chip formation model(8900 s)with comparable prediction *** work extends the applicability of the presented temperature model to a broader class of materials,specifically ultra-fine-grained *** high computational efficiency allows the in situ temperature prediction and optimization of temperature condition with process parameters planning.

关键词： Ultra-fine-grained titanium Analytical modeling High computational efficiency Johnson–Cook model Cutting mechanics

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EXTREME PROPERTIES OF FIBER COMPOSITES AND THEIRCRYOGENIC APPLICATIONS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1997年第3期10卷 283-289页

作者： G. hartwig(Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germally D-76021 Karlsruhe, P.B.3640) Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany

Fiber-polymer composites exhibit extraordianary and unusual properties. Depending on the fiber type and arrangementt the following can be achieved: a very high tensile strength and stiffness or fatigue strength, a zero or negative thermal expension, a rather high damping capability and a very high thermal and electrical insulating performance. But even carbon fibers can be converted into excellent electrical conductors when calined with fluorine. However, the shear properties of fiber composites with a polymeric matrix are medium. Extreme mechanical and thermal cryogenic properties will be discussed and compared to those of other material classes. Special emphasis is put on present and future cryogenic applications including storage and transportation of hydrogen or liquefied gases. Gas permeation through composites afier mechani-cal and thermal cycling and modifications for a better performance will be *** trends for getting advanced materials will finish the presentation.

关键词： fiber-polymer composite cryogenic property thermal conductivity gas permeation

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Optimizing energy efficiency and occupant comfort with climate specific design of the building

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2012年第3期1卷 229-235页

作者： Christoph Mitterer hartwig M. Kunzel Sebastian Herkel Andreas Holm Fraunhofer-Institut fur Bauphysik Fraunhoferstrabe 10 83626 Germany Fraunhofer-Institut Solare Energiesysteme Heidenhofstrasse 2 79110 Germany FIW Munchen Forschungsinstitut fur Wirmeschutz Lochhamer Schlag 4 82166 Germany

Designing energy efficient and comfortable buildings requires harmonizing the complex interactions of architecture, construction and building service engineering. The building envelope has a particular importance, since it integrates many functions and has direct influence on indoor climate. Focusing on satisfaction of the user means that the indoor climate is a key for a hotistic design approach. Only a satisfied user will not intervene with the designed energy concept or the indoor climate control; dissatisfaction results in multiple system interventions which may cause waste of energy and sometimes even damage to building envelope components. Satisfaction with the indoor environment also increases working productivity or enables effective recreation of residents. The paper deals with international research activities in the field of climate specific building design. Vanous comfort and energy monitoring surveys of office buildings as well as residentiaL buildings provide substantial information about the occupants＇ behavior and their needs during specific situations under different outdoor climates. This information allows summarizing basic climate dependent design principles which architects should keep in mind during the early stages of the design process. It also helps to develop strategies aiming at reducing building energy demand and at the same time consider comfort aspects. The second part of this paper demonstrates application of the climate dependent design principles in a housing project in Dubai.

关键词： Climate specificdesign Hybrid cooling Hygrothermat buildingsimulation Energy efficiency

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Geochemical characteristics and genesis of volcanic and sub-volcanic rocks from porphyrite-type iron deposits in Ningwu metallogenic province,eastern China:Constraints from elements

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第7期21卷 2866-2876页

作者：刘震黄德志刘毓菡古黄玲汪龙 hartwig E.Frimmel 戴塔根 School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South University Geodynamics and Geomaterials Research Division Institute of Geography and GeologyUniversity of Würzburg

Ningwu porphyrite-type iron deposits are located in Ningwu Mesozoic volcanic basin,which belongs to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River metallogenic *** volcanic rocks can be divided into Longwangshan,Dawangshan,Gushan and Niangniangshan Formations from early to *** these volcanic rocks are rich in alkali,and show the similar patterns in rare earth element(REE) ***,some differences can be found in the trace elements and REE *** study of petrology and REE geochemical characteristics shows that these rocks are derived from the underplating of the lithospheric mantle and are contaminated by crustal materials,undergo AFC process during the magmatic evolution.

关键词： rare earth elements porphyrite-type iron deposit Ningwu volcanic basin mantle-derived magma assimilation fractional crystallization

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Are heat stroke and physical exhaustion underestimated causes of acute hepatic failure?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第2期13卷 306-309页

作者： Kilian Weigand Carina riediger Wolfgang Stremmel Christa Flechtenmacher Jens Encke Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medicine Ⅳ University of Heidelberg 69120 Heidelberg Germany Department of Pathology University of Heidelberg 69120 Heidelberg Germany

While cardiopulmonary symptoms are common in patients undergoing dassical or, due to physical exercise, exertional heat stroke, the failure of other organs is a rarely described phenomenon. Here we present two cases of acute hepatic failure, one due to classic heat shock, while the other occurred while the patient was doing a marathon-type running. Both cases presented with very high transaminases and significantly elevated international normalized ratio （INR）. No other causes for liver failure could be identified but physical exhaustion and hyperthermia.

关键词： Heat stroke Acute hepatic failure Heat shock Liver failure Hyperthermia

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