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Environmental factors affecting degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) by In2O3 nanoparticles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第7期32卷 48-56页

作者： Weilan zhang harry Efstathiadis Lingyun Li Yanna Liang Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering University at AlbanySUNYAlbanyNY 12222USA Department of Nanoengineering SUNY Polytechnic InstituteAlbanyNY 12203USA New York State Department of Health Division of Environmental Health SciencesWadsworth CenterAlbanyNY 12237USA

Nanophotocatalysts have shown great potential for degrading poly-and perfluorinated substances(PFAS).In light of the fact that most of these catalysts were studied in pure water,this study was designed to elucidate effects from common environmental factors on decomposing and defluorinating perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)by In2O3 *** from this work demonstrated that among the seven parameters,pH,sulfate,chloride,H2O2,In2O3 dose,NOM and O2,the first four had statistically significant negative effects on PFOA *** PFOA is a strong acid,the best condition leading to the highest PFOA removal was identified for two pH *** pH was between 4 and 8,the optimal condition was:pH=4.2;sulfate=5.00 mg/L;chloride=20.43 mg/L;H2O2=0 mmol/*** this condition,PFOA decomposition and defluorination were 55.22 and 23.56%,*** pH was between 2 and 6,the optimal condition was:pH=2;sulfate=5.00 mg/L;chloride=27.31 mg/L;H2O2=0 mmol/*** this condition,the modeled PFOA decomposition was 97.59%with a defluorination of approximately 100%.These predicted results were all confirmed by experimental ***,In2O3 nanoparticles can be used for degrading PFOA in aqueous *** approach works best when the target contaminated water contains low concentrations of NOM,sulfate and chloride and at a low pH.

关键词： Perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) Nanophotocatalyst Degradation Defluorination Optimization

Climate Change, Geopolitics, and Human Settlements in the Hexi Corridor over the Last 5,000 Years

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第3期94卷 612-623页

作者： YANG Liu SHI Zhilin zhang Shanjia harry FLEE Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental System(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of and Resource Management The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Social responses to climate change over human history have been widely discussed in academia over the last two decades. However, the transformation of the human–environment nexus crossing prehistoric and historic periods and the processes associated with it are not yet clearly understood. In this study, based on published works on radiocarbon dating, archaeobotany, zooarchaeology, and archaeological sites, together with a synthesis of historical documents and highresolution paleoclimatic records, we trace the extent to which human settlement patterns in the Hexi Corridor in northwestern China evolved in conjunction with climate change over the last 5,000 years. A total of 129 Neolithic, 126 Bronze Age, and 1,378 historical sites in the Hexi Corridor(n=1,633) were surveyed. Our results show that, in the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age periods(~2800–100 BC), climate change contributed to the transformation of subsistence strategies and the subsequent changes in human settlement patterns in the Hexi Corridor. The warm-humid climate in ~2800–2000 BC promoted millet agriculture and helped the Majiayao, Banshan, and Machang Cultures to flourish. The cold-dry climate in ~2000–100 BC resulted in the divergence and transformation of subsistence strategies in the xichengyi–Qijia–Siba and Shajing–Shanma Cultures and in a shift in their settlement patterns. However, in the historical period(121 BC–AD 1911), human settlement patterns were primarily determined by geopolitics related to the alternating rule of regimes and frequent wars, especially in the Sui–Tang dynasties. We also find that trans-Eurasian cultural exchange since ~2000 BC improved social resilience to climate change in the Hexi Corridor, mediating the human–environment nexus there. Our findings may provide insights into how human societies reacted to climate change in arid and semi-arid environments over the long term.

关键词： climate change human-environment nexus historical period trans-Eurasia cultural exchange Neolithic and Bronze Age Hexi Corridor

Bile acids,gut microbiota,and therapeutic insights in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第2期21卷 144-162页

作者： Yang Song harry CH Lau xiang zhang Jun Yu Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesCUHK Shenzhen Research InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Gastroenterology Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361004China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a prevalent and aggressive liver *** interplay between bile acids(BAs)and the gut microbiota has emerged as a critical factor in HCC development and *** normal conditions,BA metabolism is tightly regulated through a bidirectional interplay between gut microorganisms and *** gut microbiota plays a critical role in BA metabolism,and BAs are endogenous signaling molecules that help maintain liver and intestinal *** note,dysbiotic changes in the gut microbiota during pathogenesis and cancer development can disrupt BA homeostasis,thereby leading to liver inflammation and fibrosis,and ultimately contributing to HCC ***,understanding the intricate interplay between BAs and the gut microbiota is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying *** this review,we comprehensively explore the roles and functions of BA metabolism,with a focus on the interactions between BAs and gut microorganisms in ***,therapeutic strategies targeting BA metabolism and the gut microbiota are discussed,including the use of BA agonists/antagonists,probiotic/prebiotic and dietary interventions,fecal microbiota transplantation,and engineered *** summary,understanding the complex BA-microbiota crosstalk can provide valuable insights into HCC development and facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for liver malignancy.

关键词： Bile acid gut microbiota hepatocellular carcinoma therapeutics microbiota modulation

Downscaling and Disaggregating NAO-conflict Nexus in Pre-industrial Europe

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Chinese Geographical Science 2016年第5期26卷 609-622页

作者： harry Fung LEE zhang David Dian PEI Qing FEI Jie Department of Geography and the International Centre of China Development Studies University of Hong Kong School of Environment and Natural Resources Renmin University of China Centre for Historical Geographical Studies Fudan University

Recently, the desiccation effect of the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO) is found to be positively correlated with violent conflict in pre-industrial Europe, with agricultural shrinkage and its subsequent economic shocks to be their causal link. However, it remains unexplored whether the correlation persists if the study period is extended backward in time, a different definition of violent conflict is applied, or the relationship is examined at lower geographic levels. In this study, we based on 835 internal disturbance incidents in Europe during 1049–1800 to conduct long-temporal and multi-scalar examination on the NAO-conflict nexus. ′Time-series′ and ′panel data′ disaggregation approaches, together with Granger Causality, Multiple Regression, and Survival Analyses were applied to verify the nexus quantitatively. Results show that the positive NAO-conflict correlation was significant at the continent and physiographic zone levels. During the positive NAO phases, the annual probability of internal disturbance outbreak increased by 70.0% in the southern Europe and the Mediterranean, a zone most affected by the NAO-induced desiccation effect. Yet, the NAO-conflict correlation was rather inconsistent when it was downscaled to the sub-regional level. Moreover, the NAO-conflict correlation was inflated under the time-series approach, while the panel data approach demonstrated the region-specific nature of the NAO forcing more clearly. The associated implications in examining climate-conflict nexus are discussed. Our findings may be crucial in examining violent conflict in the northwestern Africa, a highly agricultural region affected by the NAO.

关键词： climate change North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) violent conflict internal disturbance Europe

Quantitative analysis of the impact of droughts and floods on internal wars in China over the last 500 years

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第12期60卷 2078-2088页

作者： harry F.LEE David D.zhang PEI Qing JIA xin Ricci P.H.YUE Department of Geography and International Center for China Development Studies The University of Hong Kong School of Geographical Sciences Guangzhou University Department of Social Sciences The Education University of Hong Kong School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University

Although many large-N quantitative studies have evidenced the adverse effects of climatic extremes on social stability in China during the historical period, most of them rely on temperature and precipitation as major explanatory variables, while the influence of floods and droughts on social crises is rarely measured. Furthermore, a comparison of the climate-society nexus among different geographic regions and at different temporal scales is missing in those studies. To address this knowledge gap,this study examines quantitatively the influence of floods and droughts on internal wars in three agro-ecological(rice, wheat,and pastoral) regions in China in AD1470–1911. Poisson regression and wavelet transform coherence analyses are applied to allow for the non-linear and non-stationary nature of the climate-war nexus. Results show that floods and droughts are significant in driving internal wars in historical China, but are characterized by strong regional variation. In the rice region, floods trigger internal wars at the inter-annual and multi-decadal time scales. In the wheat region, both floods and droughts cause internal wars at the inter-annual and multi-decadal time scales. In the pastoral region, internal wars are associated with floods only at the multi-decadal time scale. In addition, the multi-decadal coherence between hydro-climatic extremes and internal wars in all three of the agro-ecological regions is only significant in periods in which population density is increasing or the upper limit of regional carrying capacity is being reached. The above results imply that the climate-war nexus is mediated by regional geographic factors such as physical environmental setting and population pressure. Hence, we encourage researchers who study the historical human-climate relationship to boil down data according to geographic regions in the course of statistical analysis and to examine each region individually in follow-up studies.

关键词： Floods and droughts Climatic extremes Internal wars Wars Social stability Ming-Qing period

Two centuries of April-July temperature change in southeastern China and its influence on grain productivity

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Science Bulletin 2017年第1期62卷 40-45页

作者： Jiangfeng Shi Jinbao Li David D.zhang Jingyun Zheng Shiyuan Shi Quansheng Ge harry F.Lee Yesi Zhao Jie zhang Huayu Lu Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Department of Geography University of Hong Kong Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

China is a traditional agriculture based country and one main region for crop production is southeastern China where temperature is a dominant climate variable affecting agriculture. Temperature and social disturbances both influence crop production, yet distinguishing their relative impacts is difficult due to a lack of reliable, high-resolution historical climatic records before the very recent period. Here we present the first tree-ring based warm-season temperature reconstruction for southeastern China, a core region of the East Asian monsoon, for the past 227 years. The reconstruction target was April-July mean temperature, and our model explained 60.6% of the observed temperature variance during 1953–*** correlation analysis showed that the reconstruction is representative of April-July temperature change over most of eastern China. The reconstructed temperature series agrees well with China-scale(heavily weighted in eastern China) agricultural production index values quite well at decadal *** impacts of social upheavals on food production, such as those in the period 1920–1949, were confirmed after climatic influences were excluded. Our study should help distinguish the influence of social disturbance and warm-season temperature on grain productivity in the core agricultural region of China during the past two centuries.

关键词： Temperature Grain productivity Social disturbance China Tree-rings

AN INFORMATION FUSION METHOD FOR SENSOR DATA RECTIFICATION

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Journal of Electronics(China) 2012年第1期29卷 148-157页

作者： zhang Zhen xu Lizhong harry HuaLi Shi Aiye Han Hua Wang Huibin College of Computer and Information Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Computer Engineering Department San Jose State UniversitySan JoseCA 95192USA

In the applications of water regime monitoring, incompleteness, and inaccuracy of sensor data may directly affect the reliability of acquired monitoring information. Based on the spatial and temporal correlation of water regime monitoring information, this paper addresses this issue and proposes an information fusion method to implement data rectification. An improved Back Propagation (BP) neural network is used to perform data fusion on the hardware platform of a stantion unit, which takes Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) as the core component. In order to verify the effectiveness, five measurements including water level, discharge and velocity are selected from three different points in a water regime monitoring station. The simulation results show that this method can recitify random errors as well as gross errors significantly.

关键词： Information fusion Sensor data rectification Back Propagation (BP) neural network Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

Facial synthesis of carbon nanotube interweaved FeOOH as chloride-insertion electrode for highly efficient faradic capacitive deionization

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第4期34卷 731-738页

作者： Lu zhang harry Lye Hin Chong Dan Luo Salah M.El-Bahy Pak Yan Moh xingtao xu Zeinhom M.El-Bahy Environmental Science Programme Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah Water Research Unit Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah Marine Science and Technology College Zhejiang Ocean University Department of Chemistry Turabah University College Taif University Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University

Faradic-based capacitive deionization（FDI） has been widely acknowledged as one of the most promising desalination techniques to solve the freshwater crisis, yet was largely limited by heavily trailed development of its anode materials, which subsequently hindered its desalination performance in terms of both desalination capacity and stability. Herein, we developed a new type of anode material for FDI by coupling chloride-insertion FeOOH with carbon nanotubes（CNTs@FeOOH）. The essence of this study lay in the composition of FeOOH with CNTs that could not only facilitate charge/electron transfer but also prevent structural aggregation. Consequently, the CNTs@FeOOH-based FDI system displays excellent desalination performance(desalination capacity: 50.36 mg g-1; desalination rate: 0.41 mg g-1s-1) with robust long-term stability（13.86 % reduction over 80 cycles）, which could motivate the future development of other highly-efficient desalination systems.

关键词： Faradic capacitive deionization Capacitive deionization FeOOH Carbon nanotube

Sumozhe Suppressed, Huntuo Halted： An Investigation into the Nature and Stakes of the Cold-Splashing Sogdian Festal Dramas Performed in Early Eighth Century Tang China

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Frontiers of History in China 2017年第2期12卷 262-300页

作者： Norman harry Rothschild Department of History University of North Florida Jacksonville FL 32224 USA

This article investigates two specific dramatic elements--the huntuo 浑脱 and the sumozhe 苏摩遮-at the core of the controversial ＂cold-splashing Sogdian plays＂（pohan huxi 泼寒胡戏）. The huntuo could be a felt hat, an oilcloth a pelt headdress, or a theatrical striptease. With deep multicultural roots, the sumozhe （samaja） combined masquerade, ambulatory drama, dance, and music into a boisterous spectacle. In addition to examining the high cultural stakes underlying the public performance and imperial support （or prohibition） of these plays in early eighth century Tang China, this essay proposes a link between these hibernal festal dramas and Turkish Kose plays.

关键词： Nauruz (Nausard) water-splashing Sogdian huntuo Sumozhe,samaja xuanzong Kose plays zhang Yue