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Catabolism of Branched Chain Amino Acids Supports Respiration but Not Volatile Synthesis in Tomato Fruits

Molecular Plant 2012年第2期5卷 366-375页

作者： Andrej Kochevenko Wagner l. Araujo Gregory S. Maloney Denise M. Tieman Phuc Thi Do Mark G. Taylor harry J. Klee Alisdair R. Fernie Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Universidade Federal de Vicosa 36570-000 Vicosa Minas Gerais Brazil Horticultural Sciences Department and the Plant Molecular ＆ Cellular Biology Program University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA

The branched-chain amino acid transaminases （BCATs） have a crucial role in metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. These enzymes catalyze the last step of synthesis and the initial step of degradation of these amino acids. Although the biosynthetic pathways of branched chain amino acids in plants have been extensively investigated and a number of genes have been characterized, their catabolism in plants is not yet completely understood. We previously characterized the branched chain amino acid transaminase gene family in tomato, revealing both the subcellular localization and kinetic properties of the enzymes encoded by six genes. Here, we examined possible functions of the enzymes during fruit development. We further characterized transgenic plants differing in the expression of branched chain amino acid transaminases I and 3, evaluating the rates of respiration in fruits deficient in BCAT1 and the levels of volatiles in lines overexpressing either BCAT1 or BCAT3. We quantitatively tested, via precursor and isotope feeding experiments, the importance of the branched chain amino acids and their corresponding keto acids in the formation of fruit volatiles. Our results not only demonstrate for the first time the importance of branched chain amino acids in fruit respiration, but also reveal that keto acids, rather than amino acids, are the likely precursors for the branched chain flavor volatiles.

关键词： alternative electron transport metabolic regulation molecular physiology nitrogen metabolism volatiles tomato.

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OPG对TNF诱导的成骨细胞凋亡的抑制作用

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解放军医学杂志 2004年第4期29卷 338-341页

作者：步荣发李亚男 Jennifer I Oakley harry C Blair 解放军总医院 Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology&Physiology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicineand Veteran’s Affairs Medical CenterPittsburghPA15243

目的　探讨TNF α能否诱导成骨类细胞凋亡及OPG能否抑制其凋亡 ,开辟一条防治骨质疏松的新路。方法　将人间充质干细胞在分化培养液中培养 2 1天使之成为成骨细胞 ,与MG6 3一起用于凋亡实验。鼠WEHI 16 4细胞系用于阳性对照。AnnexinV和... 详细信息

目的　探讨TNF α能否诱导成骨类细胞凋亡及OPG能否抑制其凋亡 ,开辟一条防治骨质疏松的新路。方法　将人间充质干细胞在分化培养液中培养 2 1天使之成为成骨细胞 ,与MG6 3一起用于凋亡实验。鼠WEHI 16 4细胞系用于阳性对照。AnnexinV和TUNEl分析方法检测成骨类细胞凋亡。结果　和Fasl诱导细胞凋亡一样 ,TNF α能引起MG6 3骨肉瘤细胞、间充质干细胞和成骨细胞的凋亡 ,并表现为明显的浓度依赖和时间依赖。低浓度TNF α(170～ 5 0 0 pmol/l)作用于细胞 2～ 4h就显示了较明显的凋亡 ,而 0 4 5～1 5nmol/lOPG几乎完全抑制了 5 0 0 pmol/lTNF α诱导的凋亡。结论　OPG能够抑制TNF α诱导的成骨类细胞凋亡。

关键词：肿瘤坏死因子骨质疏松凋亡

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Evaluation of bacterial biomarkers to aid in challenging inflammatory bowel diseases diagnostics and subtype classification

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2020年第3期11卷 64-77页

作者： Mireia lopez-Siles Xavier Aldeguer Miriam Sabat-Mir Mariona Serra-Pagès Sylvia H Duncan harry J Flint l Jesús Garcia-Gil Margarita Martinez-Medina laboratory of Molecular Microbiology Biology DepartmentUniversitat de GironaGirona 17003Spain Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitari Dr.Josep TruetaGirona 17007Spain Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Santa CaterinaSalt 17190Spain GoodGut Sl Girona 17003Spain Microbiology Group Rowett Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of AberdeenAberdeen AB252ZDUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The challenges for inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)diagnostics are to discriminate it from gut conditions with similar symptoms such as irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),to distinguish IBD subtypes,to predict disease progression,and to establish the risk to develop colorectal cancer(CRC).Alterations in gut microbiota have been proposed as a source of information to assist in IBD *** prausnitzii(***),its phylogroups,and Escherichia coli(***)have been reported as potential biomarkers,but their performance in challenging IBD diagnostic situations remains *** hypothesize that bacterial biomarkers based in these species may help to discriminate these conditions of complex *** To evaluate the usefulness of indices calculated from the quantification of these species as biomarkers to aid in IBD *** A retrospective study of 131 subjects(31 controls(H);45 Crohn’s disease(CD),25 ulcerative colitis(UC),10 IBS,and 20 CRC patients)was performed to assess the usefulness of bacterial biomarkers in ***,the performance of biomarkers in faeces was studied in 29 stool samples(19 CD,10 UC).Relative abundances of total ***(FP),its phylogroups(PHGI and PHGII),and ***(E)quantification were determined by *** were combined to calculate the FP-E index,the PHGI–E index and the PHGII-E *** accuracy to discriminate among conditions was measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC).RESUlTS In biopsies,FP-E index was good for discriminating IBS from CD(AUC=0.752)while PHGII-E index was suitable for discriminating IBS from UC(AUC=0.632).The FP-E index would be the choice to discriminate IBD from CRC,especially from all UC subtypes(AUC≥0.875),regardless of the activity status of the *** between UC patients that had the longest disease duration and those with CRC featured slightly lower AUC *** differentiation in IB

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Diagnostic tests Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Escherichia coli Irritable bowel syndrome Colorectal cancer

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Rapid Method for the Determination of Total Monosaccharide in <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>Strains Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2011年第2期2卷 212-216页

作者： Richard J. Delle Bovi Allan Smits harry M. Pylypiw Quinnipiac University Hamden USA

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to quantify total monosaccharide content in the bacterium Enterobacter cloacae and several of its biofilm mutants. Bacterial biofilm samples were grown on trypticase soy agar, and 30 μl aliquots of aqueous sample bacterial plus biofilm were deposited into the center of barium fluoride crystals and dried at 50°C for 1-hour before being scanned by FTIR. The total amounts of monosaccharides were estimated using the absorbance of the mono-saccharide peak, 1192 - 958 cm–1, and normalized using the amide II peak, 1585 - 1483 cm–1. This method provided a linear correlation between the absorbance of the monosaccharide peak and concentration of monosaccharide in standard monosaccharides, fructose, glucose, mannose, and rhamnose, over a concentration range of 0.5 - 2.0 mg/ml.

关键词： Enterobacter Cloacae Biofilm Glucose Fructose Mannose Rhamnose Monosaccharides Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy FTIR

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Effect of Mercury on the Proximate Composition of Maize （Zea mays l,）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第7期3卷 487-492页

作者： Nathaniel Owusu Boadi harry Okyere Mercy Badu John Kenneth Mensah Idah Owusu-Appiah Department of Chemistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Biotechnology Seed and Food Science Crops Research Institute- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Kumasi Ghana

Plants can be exposed to mercury either by direct administration as antifungal agents, mainly to crop plants through seed treatment or foliar spray, or by accident. Mercury poisoning has become a problem of interest on a global scale. Natural emissions of mercury form two-thirds of the input; man-made releases form about one-third. Significant amounts of mercury may be added to agricultural land with sludge, fertilizers, lime and manures. Total mercury levels were determined in six breeds of quality protein maize using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry （CVAAS）. The breeds analyzed were Aziga, Abeleehi, Akposoe, Golden Jubilee, Etubi and Obaatanpa. Proximate composition of these breeds was also determined. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the effect of mercury on the proximate composition of quality protein maize. The proximate composition of the maize varieties analyzed showed that the moisture content ranged from 11.57% ± 0.205% to 12.76%± 0.042%, ash from 1.11% ±0.064% to 1.58% ±0.021%, protein, 6.51%± 0.307% to 10.39% ±0.306%, fiber 1.44% ±0.071% to 1.87% ± 0.057%, fat 1.84% ± 0.078% to 2.75% ± 0.092% and carbohydrate 71.77% ± 0.035% to 76.54% ± 0.216%. The total mercury levels in the maize breeds analyzed ranged from 0.0010 ＋ 1.17E-05μg/g to 0.0079 ＋ 1.00E-05μg/g. The mercury levels detected were lower than the WHO limit for mercury in food of 0.5 μg/g in all the maize breeds. The low levels of mercury in the maize samples show they are safe for consumption.

关键词： Mercury toxicity maize proximate composition CVAAS

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Universal cell and tissue acquisition/analysis system: from single cell adhesion measurement and collection to archival FFPE brain tissue microdissection

Universal cell and tissue acquisition/analysis system: from ...

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Zhongcai MA Kristen DEIGNAN Anialac ZAVAlA Christopher K WIllIAMS harry V.VINTERS lili C.KUDO Stanislav l.KARSTEN NeuroInDx Inc. Department of Pathology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Objective: Analysis of specific cells from cultures or isolation of subanatomical regions from heterogeneous tissues is essential in today’s biomedical research. Single cell adhesion properties are a key to understanding cellular properties in health and disease. Tissue microdissection from fixed tumor biopsies and archived FFPE samples is much needed yet technically challenging. Commercially available single cell technologies do not provide concurrent single cell adhesion force measurement and acquisition, and current microdissection platforms are sample specific, complex and expensive. Methods: We applied our vacuum impulse based cell and tissue acquisition technology for single cell adhesion force measurement and fixed tissue microdissection. With our recent platform, Unipic K+?, adhesion strength for individual cells from SH-SY5 Y, CHO, and 3 T3 cultures were measured based on capillary aspiration techniques. Single cells were collected and dispensed immediately into individual wells for clonal expansion.. A novel DNA extraction method was developed to acquire region specific DNA from 5 to 20 μm thick PFA-fixed and FFPE archived human brain tissue sections using disposable capillary units preloaded with alkaline solution and a microscope stage heater set at 100°C. Results: The new system collects individual cells from adherent cultures in as small as 15 nl, compatible with various downstream single cell analyses. Manual and automatic extraction algorithms were developed for acquisition of tissue region of interest（ROI）. Dissociation and collection of ROIs down to 20 μm in diameter can be performed on fixed tissue sections within 30 s. for DNA isolation. Conclusion: A universal platform has been developed for fresh frozen and fixed tissue microdissection, single cell acquisition, adhesion force measurements and deposition into single wells for various downstream applications.

关键词： adhesion single cell analysis tissue microdissection archival tissue acquisition dispensing

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Tu diras!

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2006年

作者： Ana Mart?inez-lage John Guti?errez harry l. Rosser with contributions from Stasie C. Harrington.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Effect of Ge Incorporation on Bandgap and Photosensitivity of Amorphous SiGe Thin Films

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第2期3卷 67-71页

作者： Gopal G. Pethuraja Roger E. Welser Ashok K. Sood Changwoo lee Nicholas J. Alexander harry Efstathiadis Pradeep Haldar Jennifer l. Harvey 不详

We investigated the structural and optical properties of amorphous-SiGe thin films synthesized via a low-cost, high-growth rate deposition method. Films were formed by e-beam evaporation of mixed pellets of Si and Ge. Film composition was varied by changing the weight ratio of Si and Ge pellets mixture. Films were amorphous with a composition uniform. Ge-rich films are in tensile stress, while Si-rich films are in compressive stress. As the Ge fraction increases (from 22 at.% to 94 at.%), the optical bandgap decreases (from 1.7 eV to 0.9 eV) and the photosensitivity of the films extends into IR band of solar spectrum. By changing the weighted ratio of the evaporation source mixture, the bandgap and optical sensitivity of a-SiGe films can be easily tuned. Our studies prove that a-SiGe films are a tunable absorber. This can be used for photo-detector, photovoltaic and microelectronic applications to extend the spectral response.

关键词： A-Si1–xGex Thin Films Structural Properties Optical Properties Compositional Effect Bandgap Tuning

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Current-Voltage Characteristics of ITO/p-Si and ITO/n-Si Contact Interfaces

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2012年第2期2卷 59-62页

作者： Gopal G. Pethuraja Roger E. Welser Ashok K. Sood Changwoo lee Nicholas J. Alexander harry Efstathiadis Pradeep Haldar Jennifer l. Harvey College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering Albany USA Magnolia Solar Incorporated Albany USA Magnolia Solar Incorporated Woburn USA New York State Energy Research and Development Authority Albany USA ollege of Nanoscale Science and Engineering Albany USA

We investigated the electrical contact characteristics of indium tin oxide (ITO)/doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) junctions. For efficient collection of photo-generated carriers, photovoltaic and photodetector devices require good ohmic contacts with transparent electrodes. The amorphous-Si thin films were sputter deposited on ITO coated glass substrates. As-deposited p-type a-Si:H on ITO formed nearly ohmic type contacts and further annealing did not improve the contact characteristics. On the other hand, as-deposited n-type a-Si:H on ITO formed an ohmic contact, while further annealing resulted in a Schottky type contact. The ITO contact with p-type silicon semiconductor is a ro-bust ohmic contact for Si based optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Sputtered Amorphous Silicon Electrical Contact Characteristics ITO/Si Contact

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A study of the effects of 3,5-diiodo-l-thyronine in the tail suspension and forced swim models of depression

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Translational Neuroscience and Clinics 2016年第2期2卷 96-107页

作者： Nataliia Markova Anton Chernopiatko Aslan Kubatiev Sergey Bachurin harry M.W.Steinbusch Tatyana Strekalova laboratory of Biomolecular screening Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences laboratory of Cognitive dysfunctions Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology" Department of Neuroscience School for Mental Health and Neuroscience Maastricht University Section of Neuropharmacology Research

Objectives: Recent findings have further highlighted the role of the thyroid system in the pathophysiology of depression and revealed new physiologically relevant elements of the thyroid system. Our previous study showed an antidepressant-like effect of 3,5-diiodo-l-thyronine(T2), which was previously considered to be a physiologically inactive molecule, in mice. Here, we aimed to investigate the antidepressant-like effects of T2 further. Methods: We studied the effects of bolus injections of T2 to C57Bl6 J mice at doses of 0.25 or 0.75 mg/kg with the tail suspension and forced swim models. The effects of the higher dose were investigated in CD1 mice in the forced swim test. Potential behavioral effects of these treatments were also studied using the novel cage and dark-light box ***: A reduction of depressive-like behavior was found in mice treated with 0.75 mg/kg of T2 in the tail suspension test, but not in the forced swim test. locomotion and anxiety variables were unaltered following treatment with T2. There were no significant changes after bolus administration of 0.25 mg/kg T2 in either test for depressive-like behavior. Thus, bolus injection of T2 at the dose 0.75 mg/kg can induce antidepressant-like effects without affecting other behaviors. Conclusions: A discrepant result in the forced swim test may be due to its different sensitivity to T2 compared with the tail suspension paradigm. Furthermore, the development of procedural modifications of this model can be useful in its application in pre-clinical studies.

关键词： forced swim test tail suspension test depression animal models thyroid hormones

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