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Bioactive compounds from mushrooms: Emerging bioresources of food and nutraceuticals

Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 1349-1366页

作者： harpreet kour Divjot kour Satvinder kour Shaveta Singh Syed Azhar Jawad Hashmi Ajar Nath Yadav Krishan Kumar Yash Pal Sharma Amrik Singh Ahluwalia Department of Botany University of JammuJammu180006India Department of Microbiology Akal College of Basic SciencesEternal UniversityBaru SahibSirmaur173101India Department of Biotechnology Dr.Khem Singh Gill Akal College of AgricultureEternal UniversityBaru SahibSirmaur173101India Department of Food Technology Dr.Khem Singh Gill Akal College of AgricultureEternal UniversityBaru SahibSirmaur173101India Department of Botany Akal College of Basic SciencesEternal UniversityBaru SahibSirmaur173101India

Mushrooms have been an indispensable element of the human culture since antiquity and are cherished all over the globe for their nutritive and therapeutic benefits. Being acknowledged as “the new superfood” of the future, they are a cardinal component of human diet for boosting health status and well being. Mushrooms are endowed with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, prebiotic, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities, upholding a great therapeutic potential and a huge spectrum of clinical applications. The wide ranges of bioactive compounds including polysaccharides, polysaccharides protein complexes, peptides and proteins, terpenoids and phenolic compounds have been reported from diverse groups of mushroom. Laden with a wealth of nutrients and innumerable biomolecules of therapeutic worth, they are internationally appreciated and envisaged as world's largest untapped resources of dietary supplements. In the recent years, owing to significant healthier lifestyle changes, dietary practices of people and consumers opting for immunity enhancing supplements especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, the yearning for mushroom based nutraceuticals and functional foods is on rise. This review gives comprehensive details on the biodiversity of mushrooms, its nutritional and medicinal importance, secondary metabolites especially of nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical potential, and their role as bioactive agents and application in preparing mushroom based value-added products.

关键词： Anti cancer compounds Bioactive compounds Biodiversity Food industry Mushrooms Nutraceuticals Nutritive value

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Representative Elementary Volume(REV) in Spatio-Temporal Domain： A Method to Find REVfor Dynamic Pores

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第2期28卷 391-403页

作者： harpreet Singh The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA National Energy Technology Laboratory Morgantown WV USA

One of the potential risks associated with subsurface storage of CO_2 is the seepage of CO_2 through existing faults and fractures. There have been a number of studies devoted to this topic. Some of these studies show that geochemistry, especially mineralization, plays an important role in rendering the faults as conduits for CO_2 movement while others show that mineralization due to CO_2 injection can result in seep migration and flow diversion. Therefore, understanding the changes in reservoir properties due to pore alterations is important to ensure safe long term CO_2 storage in the subsurface. We study the changes in the Representative Elementary Volume（REV） of a rock due to reactive kinetics over a time, using a statistical approach and pore-scale CO_2-rock *** goal of this study is to obtain the REV of a rock property that accounts for pore-scale changes over time due to reactive kinetics, and we call this as spatiotemporal REV. Scale-up results suggest that the REV changes with time when CO_2-rock interaction is considered. It is hypothesized that the alteration in pore structure introduces more heterogeneity in the rock, and because of this the magnitude of REV increases. It is possible that these noticeable changes in REV at pore-scale may have an impact when analyzed at the reservoir scale.

关键词： reactive dynamics reaction rate constant CO_2 scale-up upscaling geostatistics

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Enhanced photocatalytic activity of electrochemically synthesized aluminum oxide nanoparticles

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第3期23卷 358-371页

作者： Deepak Pathania Rishu Katwal harpreet Kaur School of Chemistry Shoolini UniversitySolan-173212(H.P.)India Department of Chemistry Punjabi UniversityPatiala-147002(Punjab)India

In this study, aluminum oxide （Al2O3） nanoparticles （NPs） were synthesized via an electrochemical method. The effects of reac- tion parameters such as supporting electrolytes, solvent, current and electrolysis time on the shape and size of the resulting NPs were investi- gated. The Al2O3 NPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Moreover, the Al2O3 NPs were explored for photocatalytic degradation of malachite green （MG） dye under sunlight irradiation via two processes： ad- sorption followed by photocatalysis; coupled adsorption and photocatalysis. The coupled process exhibited a higher photodegradation effi- ciency （45%） compared to adsorption followed by photocatalysis （32%）. The obtained kinetic data was well fitted using a pseudo-first-order model for MG degradation.

关键词： aluminum oxide nanoparticles electrochemical preparation photocatalysis

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Magnetic moments of octet baryons in hot and dense nuclear matter

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Chinese Physics C 2017年第9期41卷 108-122页

作者： harpreet Singh Arvind Kumar Harleen Dahiya Department of Physics Dr. B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar Jalandhar- 144011 Punjab India

We have calculated the in-medium magnetic moments of octet baryons in the presence of hot and dense symmetric nuclear matter. Effective magnetic moments of baryons have been derived from medium modified quark masses within the chiral SU（3） quark mean field model. Further, for better insight into the medium modification of baryonic magnetic moments, we have considered the explicit contributions from the valence quarks, sea quarks and the sea orbital angular momentum of sea quarks. These effects have been successful in giving the description of baryonic magnetic moments in vacuum. The magnetic moments of baryons are found to vary significantly as a function of density of nuclear medium.

关键词： nuclear matter magnetic moments heavy ion collisions

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Immunotherapy and therapeutic vaccines in prostate cancer： an update on current strategies and clinical implications

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第3期16卷 364-371页

作者： B harpreet Singh James L Gulley Medical Oncology Branch Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health 10 Center Drive Bethesda Maryland USA

In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as a viable and attractive strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer. While there are multiple ways to target the immune system, therapeutic cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been most successful in late-stage clinical trials. The landmark Food and Drug Administration approval of sipuleuceI-T for asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic prostate cancer set the stage for ongoing phase III trials with the cancer vaccine PSA-TRICOM and the immune checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab. A common feature of these immune-based therapies is the appearance of improved overall survival without short-term changes in disease progression. This class effect appears to be due to modulation of tumor growth rate kinetics, in which the activated immune system exerts constant immunologic pressure that slows net tumor growth. Emerging data suggest that the ideal population for clinical trials of cancer vaccines is patients with lower tumor volume and less aggressive disease. Combination strategies that combine immunotherapy with standard therapies have been shown to augment both immune response and clinical benefit.

关键词： androgen deprivation immunotherapy prostate cancer therapeutic cancer vaccines

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Enhanced cavitation erosion resistance of a friction stir processed high entropy alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第10期27卷 1353-1362页

作者： Rakesh B.Nair H.S.Arora harpreet Singh Grewal Surface Science and Tribology Lab Department of Mechanical EngineeringShiv Nadar UniversityGautam Buddha NagarUttar Pradesh 203207India

Friction stir processing of an Al0.1CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy(HEA)was performed at controlled cooling conditions(ambient and liquid submerged).Microstructural and mechanical characterization of the processed and as-cast HEAs was evaluated using electron backscatter diffraction,micro-hardness testing and *** under the submerged cooling condition showed elongated grains(10μm)with fine equiaxed grains(2μm)along the boundary compared to the coarser grain(~2 mm)of as-cast *** hardness showed remarkable improvements with four(submerged cooling condition)and three(ambient cooling condition)times that of as-cast HEA(HV^150).The enhanced hardness is attributed to the significant grain refinement in the processed *** erosion behavior was observed for samples using an ultrasonication *** of the HEAs showed better cavitation erosion resistance than the stainless steel *** sample processed under a submerged liquid condition showed approximately 20 and 2 times greater erosion resistance than stainless steel 316L and ascast HEA,*** enhanced erosion resistances of the processed HEAs correlate to their increased hardness,resistance to plasticity,and better yield strength than the as-cast *** surface of the tested samples showed nucleation and pit growth,and plastic deformation of the material followed by fatigue-controlled disintegration as the primary material removal mechanism.

关键词： cavitation erosion microstructure mechanical properties surface engineering

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Epigenetic regulation of autophagy: A key modification in cancer cells and cancer stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第6期13卷 542-567页

作者： harpreet K Mandhair Urban Novak Ramin Radpour Department for BioMedical Research University of BernBern 3008Switzerland Department of Medical Oncology InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernBern 3008Switzerland

Aberrant epigenetic alterations play a decisive role in cancer initiation and propagation via the regulation of key tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes or by modulation of essential signaling *** is a highly regulated mechanism required for the recycling and degradation of surplus and damaged cytoplasmic constituents in a lysosome dependent *** cancer,autophagy has a divergent *** instance,autophagy elicits tumor promoting functions by facilitating metabolic adaption and plasticity in cancer stem cells(CSCs)and cancer ***,autophagy exerts pro-survival mechanisms to these cancerous cells by influencing survival,dormancy,immunosurveillance,invasion,metastasis,and resistance to anti-cancer *** addition,recent studies have demonstrated that various tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes involved in autophagy,are tightly regulated via different epigenetic modifications,such as DNA methylation,histone modifications and non-coding *** impact of epigenetic regulation of autophagy in cancer cells and CSCs is not ***,uncovering the complex mechanism of epigenetic regulation of autophagy provides an opportunity to improve and discover novel cancer ***,this would aid in improving clinical outcome for cancer *** this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of the existing knowledge available on epigenetic regulation of autophagy and its importance in the maintenance and homeostasis of CSCs and cancer cells.

关键词： Autophagy Cancer stem cells Cancer cells Epigenetics Histone remodeling DNA methylation Non-coding RNA

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Type 2 reaction associated sensorineural hearing loss in a drug resistant lepromatous leprosy patient: A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第9期16卷 425-427,I0001页

作者： harpreet Singh Pawar Itu Singh Harish Kumar Sagar ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy&Other Mycobacterial Diseases AgraIndia Stanley Browne Research Laboratory the Leprosy Mission(TLM)Community HospitalNew DelhiIndia

Rationale:Leprosy,a chronic granulomatous disease often present clinically as erythema nodosum leprosum,a type 2 *** involvement of cochlear part of audiovestibular system is a *** concerns:A 26-year-old male patient with lepromatous leprosy developed bilateral sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)during type 2 reactional ***:Recurrent erythema nodosum leprosum in rifampicin-resistant lepromatous ***:Corticosteroids and second-line multidrug ***:The patient improved significantly and was further referred for management of psychosocial impact due to sensorineural hearing ***:The hearing impairment is a rare complication of type 2 *** patient with suspected cranial nerve involvement should essentially be screened by tuning fork tests for early detection of hearing impairment and offer timely intervention as *** high bacteriological index cases should be investigated for antimicrobial resistance in high endemic areas.

关键词： Leprosy reactions Erythema nodosum leprosum Sensorineural hearing loss Drug resistant leprosy

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Molecular modulation of autophagy: New venture to target resistant cancer stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第5期12卷 303-322页

作者： harpreet K Mandhair Miroslav Arambasic Urban Novak Ramin Radpour Department for BioMedical Research University of BernBern 3008Switzerland Department of Medical Oncology InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernBern 3008Switzerland

Autophagy is a highly regulated catabolic process in which superfluous,damaged organelles and other cytoplasmic constituents are delivered to the lysosome for clearance and the generation of macromolecule substrates during basal or stressed *** is a bimodal process with a context dependent role in the initiation and the development of *** instance,autophagy provides an adaptive response to cancer stem cells to survive metabolic stresses,by influencing disease propagation via modulation of essential signaling pathways or by promoting resistance to *** has been implicated in a cross talk with *** the complex interactions provides an opportunity to improve cancer therapy and the clinical outcome for the cancer *** this review,we provide a comprehensive view on the current knowledge on autophagy and its role in cancer cells with a particular focus on cancer stem cell homeostasis.

关键词： Autophagy Cancer stem cells Cancer cells Cancer therapy Therapeutic resistance Cancer metastasis

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Correlation between microstructure and wear behavior of AZX915 Mg-alloy reinforced with 12 wt%TiC particles by stir-casting process

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2016年第4期4卷 306-313页

作者： Nagaraj M.Chelliah harpreet Singh M.K.Surappa Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoparRupnagar 140001PunjabIndia Department of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBengaluru 560012KarnatakaIndia

The present work concerns with correlation between microstructure and wear behavior of AZX915 Mg-alloy reinforced with 12 wt%of TiC particles by stir-casting *** sliding tests were performed under ambient environment by using a pin-on-disc(EN8 steel)configuration with a normal load of 50 N at a constant sliding speed of 2.50 ms^(−1).While as-cast composite experienced delamination wear,heat treated composite suffered from delamination and oxidation wear during dry sliding ***,the heat treated composite exhibited lower friction and higher wear rate as compared to the as-cast *** and wear behavior were correlated with microstructures based on the concept of oxidation tendency and crack nucleation/***,a schematic model has been proposed illustrating wear mechanisms from the point of view of subsurface microstructural evolution of the AZX915-TiCp composite.

关键词： Mg-alloys Magnesium matrix composites Heat treatment Delamination Tribo-oxidation

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