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Dissection of a rapidly evolving wheat resistance gene cluster by long-read genome sequencing accelerated the cloning of Pm69

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 69-83页

作者： Yinghui Li Zhen-Zhen Wei Hanan Sela Liubov Govta Valentyna Klymiuk Rajib Roychowdhury harmeet singh Chawla Jennifer Ens Krystalee Wiebe Valeria Bocharova Roi Ben-David Prerna B.Pawar Yuqi Zhang Samidha Jaiwar Istvan Molnar Jaroslav Dolezel Gitta Coaker Curtis J.Pozniak Tzion Fahima Institute of Evolution University of HaifaMt.CarmelHaifa 3498838Israel The Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology University of HaifaMt.CarmelHaifa 3498838Israel The Institute of Plant Protection Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066China Crop Development Centre and Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan51 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N 5A8Canada Department of Vegetables and Field Crops Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research Organization(ARO)–Volcani CenterRishon Lezion 7505101Israel Department of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Centre of the Region Hana´for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchSlechtitelu 3177900 OlomoucCzech Republic Plant Pathology Department University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA Present address:Department of Plant Science University of ManitobaWinnipegMB R3T 2N2Canada Present address:Agricultural Institute Centre for Agricultural ResearchELKHMartonvasar 2462Hungary

Gene cloning in repeat-rich polyploid genomes remains ***,we describe a strategy for overcoming major bottlenecks in cloning of the powdery mildew resistance gene(R-gene)Pm69 derived from tetraploid wild emmer wheat.A conventional positional cloning approach was not effective owing to suppressed *** sorting was compromised by insufficient purity.A Pm69 physical map,constructed by assembling Oxford Nanopore Technology(ONT)long-read genome sequences,revealed a rapidly evolving nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)R-gene cluster with structural variations.A single candidate NLR was identified by anchoring RNA sequencing reads from susceptible mutants to ONT contigs and was validated by virus-induced gene ***69 is likely a newly evolved NLR and was discovered in only one location across the wild emmer wheat distribution range in ***69 was successfully introgressed into cultivated wheat,and a diagnostic molecular marker was used to accelerate its deployment and pyramiding with other R-genes.

关键词： cluster resistance Israel

Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AZ61 magnesium alloy joint

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2018年第3期6卷 292-298页

作者： Kulwant singh Gurbhinder singh harmeet singh I.K.Gujral Punjab Technical University KapurthalaPunjabIndia Guru Kashi University Talwandi SaboPunjabIndia

Increasing global demands for energy conservation and environmental protection led to the replacement of heavy components with lighter *** magnesium alloys are believed to be unique candidates for lightweight applications and friction stir welding(FSW)is capable of joining magnesium alloys,in the current work,FSW joint of AZ61 Mg alloy has been *** and mechanical properties of the joints were *** elongated grains of the base metal were recrystallized in the stir zone and in transition zone during friction stir *** formation of finer grains in the stir zone of the joint is responsible for increase the hardness of the stir *** microhardness of base metal is higher than that of thermo-mechanically affected zone but lower than that of stir *** tensile strength of the weld was about 82%of the as-received base *** joint failed in ductile *** ductile failure of joint was due to the uniform deformation of material.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Friction stir welding Stir zone Microhardness Microstructure AZ61

Review on friction stir welding of magnesium alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2018年第4期6卷 399-416页

作者： Kulwant singh Gurbhinder singh harmeet singh I.K.Gujral Punjab Technical University KapurthalaPunjabIndia Guru Kashi University Talwandi SaboPunjabIndia

Friction Stir Welding(FSW)is considered to be the most significant development in metal joining in last two *** has many advantages when welding magnesium or lightweight *** Friction stir welding of magnesium alloy has many potential applications in major industries *** transportation,aerospace,railway,shipbuilding and marine,construction,and many other industrial *** magnesium alloys have been used in industrial equipment of nuclear energy as magnesium alloys have low tendency to absorb neutrons,sufficient resistance to carbon dioxide and excellent thermal ***,the research and development in FSW field and associated technologies have been developing rapidly *** this review article,the basic principle of friction stir welding and several aspects of friction stir welded magnesium alloys have been *** current state of friction stir welding of magnesium alloys is *** spite of this,much remains to be learned about the process and opportunities for further research are identified.

关键词： FSW Tool Geometry Stir Zone Mg Alloy Texture Microhardness.

The role of genomic structural variation in the genetic improvement of polyploid crops

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The Crop Journal 2019年第2期7卷 127-140页

作者： Sarah-Veronica Schiessl Elvis Katche Elizabeth Ihien harmeet singh Chawla Annaliese S.Mason Department of Plant Breeding Justus Liebig University

Many of our major crop species are polyploids, containing more than one genome or set of chromosomes. Polyploid crops present unique challenges, including difficulties in genome assembly, in discriminating between multiple gene and sequence copies, and in genetic mapping, hindering use of genomic data for genetics and breeding. Polyploid genomes may also be more prone to containing structural variation, such as loss of gene copies or sequences(presence–absence variation) and the presence of genes or sequences in multiple copies(copynumber variation). Although the two main types of genomic structural variation commonly identified are presence–absence variation and copy-number variation, we propose that homeologous exchanges constitute a third major form of genomic structural variation in polyploids. Homeologous exchanges involve the replacement of one genomic segment by a similar copy from another genome or ancestrally duplicated region, and are known to be extremely common in polyploids. Detecting all kinds of genomic structural variation is challenging, but recent advances such as optical mapping and long-read sequencing offer potential strategies to help identify structural variants even in complex polyploid genomes. All three major types of genomic structural variation(presence–absence, copy-number, and homeologous exchange) are now known to influence phenotypes in crop plants, with examples of flowering time, frost tolerance, and adaptive and agronomic traits. In this review,we summarize the challenges of genome analysis in polyploid crops, describe the various types of genomic structural variation and the genomics technologies and data that can be used to detect them, and collate information produced to date related to the impact of genomic structural variation on crop phenotypes. We highlight the importance of genomic structural variation for the future genetic improvement of polyploid crops.

关键词： Presence–absence variation Copy-number variation Homeologous exchanges Genome structure Pan-genome

Efficacy of pancreatoscopy for pancreatic duct stones:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第34期26卷 5207-5219页

作者： Syed M Saghir harmeet S Mashiana Babu P Mohan Banreet S Dhindsa Amaninder Dhaliwal Saurabh Chandan Neil Bhogal Ishfaq Bhat Shailender singh Douglas G Adler Department of Internal Medicine University of Nevada Las Vegas School of MedicineLas VegasNV 89102United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Nebraska School of MedicineOmahaNE 68198-2000United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Utah HealthSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States

BACKGROUND Pancreatic duct stones can lead to significant abdominal pain for *** oral pancreatoscopy(POP)-guided intracorporal lithotripsy is being increasingly used for the management of main pancreatic duct calculi(PDC)in chronic *** uses two techniques:Electrohydraulic lithotripsy(EHL)and laser lithotripsy(LL).Data on the safety and efficacy are limited for this *** performed a systematic review and meta-analysis with a primary aim to calculate the pooled technical and clinical success rates of *** secondary aim was to assess pooled rates of technical success,clinical success for the two individual techniques,and adverse event *** To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of POP,EHL and LL for management of PDC in chronic *** We conducted a comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases and conference proceedings including PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane,Google Scholar and Web of Science databases(from 1999 to October 2019)to identify studies with patient age greater than 17 and any gender that reported on outcomes of POP,EHL and *** primary outcome assessed involved the pooled technical success and clinical success rate of *** secondary outcome included the pooled technical success and clinical success rate for EHL and *** also assessed the pooled rate of adverse events for POP,EHL and LL including a subgroup analysis for the rate of adverse event subtypes for POP:Hemorrhage,post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis(PEP),perforation,abdominal pain,fever and *** success was defined as the rate of clearing pancreatic duct stones and clinical success as the improvement in *** model was used for *** between study-specific estimates was calculated using the Cochran Q statistical test and I2 *** bias was ascertained,qualitatively by visual inspection of funnel plot and quantitatively by the Egger ***

关键词： Electrohydraulic shockwave lithotripsy Laser lithotripsy Chronic pancreatitis Calculi Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Systematic review Meta-analysis Outcome

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克服3D NAND规模化生产面临的挑战

中国集成电路 2018年第3期27卷 54-56页

作者： harmeet singh 泛林集团

自从几年前面世以来,3D NAND由于能够有效增加存储设备的位密度,已发展成为一种主流技术。随着3D结构制成工艺的进步和位成本的降低,3D NAND技术的普及程度也被加快了。然而,尽管具有诸多优势,3D NAND整体工艺复杂、资本投入高,因此制... 详细信息

自从几年前面世以来,3D NAND由于能够有效增加存储设备的位密度,已发展成为一种主流技术。随着3D结构制成工艺的进步和位成本的降低,3D NAND技术的普及程度也被加快了。然而,尽管具有诸多优势,3D NAND整体工艺复杂、资本投入高,因此制造厂商在流程控制、

关键词： 3D结构 NAND 规模化生产存储设备资本投入流程控制制造厂商流技术

A comparison of duloxetine hydrochloride with fluoxetine hydrochloride in major depressive disorders: a pilot study

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Health 2010年第6期2卷 620-624页

作者： Ravinder Kumar Sah harmeet singh Rehan Kannanore Eloremadathil Sadanandan Unni Deepti Chopra Seema Manak Preeta Kaur Narula 不详

To compare remission rate, relapse rate and tolerability of duloxetine, a dual reuptake inhibitor of 5-hydroxy serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE), versus fluoxetine, a reuptake inhibitor of 5-HT during follow up period of 16 weeks in major depressive disorder (MDD) a open label comparative trial was conducted. Trial was comprising of 60 patients, diagnosed with MDD, were allocated to fluoxetine group (n*-30, 20-60mg od) or duloxetine group (n*-30, 40-60mg od) for 16 weeks. The end points were remission and relapse assessed by Hamilton Rating scale for Depression-24 items (HAMD-24). In results the mean fall in HAMD-24 scores between groups was comparable till 4 weeks. Thereafter, at 8 weeks the mean fall in HAMD-24 score was significantly greater in duloxetine group (p value < 0.05). At 16 weeks the mean fall was highly significant (p value < 0.01) in duloxetine group. Thirty percent patients in duloxetine group achieved remission in comparison to none in fluoxetine group. None of the patient, in any group, reported relapse. Adverse effects were mild to moderate in *** conclusion duloxetine has a better pharmacological profile over fluoxetine in terms of efficacy and safety.

关键词： Major Depressive Disorder Duloxetine Remission Relapse