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Retinal nerve fiber layer changes based on historic CD4 nadir among HIV positive patients undergoing glaucoma evaluation

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第5期12卷 789-794页

作者： Sarah H.Van Tassel Paul Petrakos Elizabeth Marlow Elizabeth Mauer harjot k.singh Anna M.Demetriades Department of Ophthalmology Weill Cornell Medicine Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Department of Healthcare Policy & ResearchWeill Cornell Medicine Division of Infectious Disease New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine

AIM: To determine relationships between retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness and nadir CD4 cell count in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) positive patients evaluated for glaucoma suspicion.METHODS: Data were reviewed for 329 HIV positive patients evaluated for glaucoma suspicion. High-definition optical coherence tomography(OCT) RNFL measurements were obtained at least 6 mo apart. Analyses were performed to identify relationships between nadir CD4 count and RNFL thickness.RESULTS: Totally 110 eyes of 55 patients met inclusion criteria, of which 46 eyes were from subjects with nadir CD4ker superior(119.7±18.6 μm) and temporal(63.8±11.7 μm) quadrants at time of initial OCT compared to the superior(112.8±16.8 μm, P=0.048) and temporal(57.1±11.9 μm, P=0.004) quadrants of patients with higher nadir CD4. This trend toward thicker RNFL among subjects with lower nadir CD4 cell counts persisted at the time of follow up OCT where participants with nadir CD4kness in the superior and temporal quadrants of 117.9±18.3 μm and 63.8±12.8 μm, respectively, compared to a superior thickness of 110.5±16.9 μm(P=0.034) and temporal thickness of 57.3±11.6 μm(P=0.007) among those with higher nadir CD4. CONCLUSION: Patients with lower nadir CD4 cell counts have thicker RNFL in the superior and temporal quadrants compared to those with higher nadir CD4 counts. RNFL thickness in HIV positive patients may be affected by historic HIV disease control and should be considered when evaluating HIV positive patients for glaucoma.

关键词： glaucoma glaucoma suspect human immunodeficiency virus retinal nerve fiber layer

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Nanozyme‑Engineered Hydrogels for Anti‑Inflammation and Skin Regeneration

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 127-179页

作者： Amal George kurian Rajendra k.singh Varsha Sagar Jung‑Hwan Lee Hae‑Won kim Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science&Bk21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science School of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea UCL Eastman‑korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Cell and Matter Institute Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea

Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system.Conventional therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse effects.Recently,nanozyme(NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these challenges.NZ-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of hydrogels.The multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and differentiation.This review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels(NZ@hydrogels)for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration applications.It also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their effectiveness.Additionally,the challenges and future directions in this ground,particularly their clinical translation,are addressed.The insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels,offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.

关键词： Nanozymes Hydrogels ROS scavenging Anti-inflammation Skin regeneration

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Evaluation of slope stability through rock mass classification and kinematic analysis of some major slopes along NH-1A from Ramban to Banihal, North Western Himalayas

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 167-182页

作者： Amit Jaiswal A.k.Verma T.N.singh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaPatna801106India

The network of Himalayan roadways and highways connects some remote regions of valleys or hill slopes,which is vital for India’s socio-economic growth.Due to natural and artificial factors,frequency of slope instabilities along the networks has been increasing over last few decades.Assessment of stability of natural and artificial slopes due to construction of these connecting road networks is significant in safely executing these roads throughout the year.Several rock mass classification methods are generally used to assess the strength and deformability of rock mass.This study assesses slope stability along the NH-1A of Ramban district of North Western Himalayas.Various structurally and non-structurally controlled rock mass classification systems have been applied to assess the stability conditions of 14 slopes.For evaluating the stability of these slopes,kinematic analysis was performed along with geological strength index(GSI),rock mass rating(RMR),continuous slope mass rating(CoSMR),slope mass rating(SMR),and Q-slope in the present study.The SMR gives three slopes as completely unstable while CoSMR suggests four slopes as completely unstable.The stability of all slopes was also analyzed using a design chart under dynamic and static conditions by slope stability rating(SSR)for the factor of safety(FoS)of 1.2 and 1 respectively.Q-slope with probability of failure(PoF)1%gives two slopes as stable slopes.Stable slope angle has been determined based on the Q-slope safe angle equation and SSR design chart based on the FoS.The value ranges given by different empirical classifications were RMR(37-74),GSI(27.3-58.5),SMR(11-59),and CoSMR(3.39-74.56).Good relationship was found among RMR&SSR and RMR&GSI with correlation coefficient(R 2)value of 0.815 and 0.6866,respectively.Lastly,a comparative stability of all these slopes based on the above classification has been performed to identify the most critical slope along this road.

关键词： Rock mass classification kinematic analysis Slope stability Himalayan road Static and dynamic conditions

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Snow and regolith albedo variations using CRISM data at McMurdo crater,Mars

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 338-355页

作者： Sehajpal singh Deepak.singh Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbaiIndia

The cryosphere component provides the most reliable and insightful indications of any planet’s climate dynamics.Using data from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars(CRISM),we develop a novel approach to determining the broadband Visible and Near Infrared(VNIR)albedo of the Martian surface.This study focuses on albedo changes in the McMurdo crater,part of Mars’s south polar layer deposits.We compare seasonal and interannual variations of the McMurdo surface albedo before,during,and after the Global Dust Storm(GDS)of Martian Year(MY)34.As the seasons progressed from spring to summer,the mean albedo in MY 32 and 34 plunged by over 40%,by about 35%in MY 33,and by slightly more than 30%in MY 35.Compared interannually,however,mean albedo values within both seasons(spring and summer)exhibited no significant differences in those same years.Notably,interannual albedo difference maps reveal albedo variation of more than±0.3 in certain regions of the crater.Considering only snow-covered pixels,interannual albedo differences suggest that Mars dust had a pervasive impact on Mars’s cryosphere.Variations in maximum and minimum albedo values as high as 0.5 were observed,depending upon differences in the dust levels in Martian snow/ice.The maximum and the minimum snow albedo values were lowest in MY 34,indicating the effect of the intense dust storm event that year.The average snow albedo decreased from 0.45 in MY 32 to 0.40 in MY 33 and to 0.33 in MY 34,and then rose back to 0.40 in MY 35.This trajectory suggests a temporary deposition of dust,partially reversed after the GDS by self-cleaning mechanisms(local aeolian process and CO_(2)sublimation/deposition cycle).

关键词： Mars Martian ice albedo dust storm Mars surface Martian climate

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Atherosclerotic plaque classification in carotid ultrasound images using machine learning and explainable deep learning

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 83-95页

作者： Soni singh Pankaj k.Jain Neeraj Sharma Mausumi Pohit Sudipta Roy School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences Gautam Buddha UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Jio Institute Navi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia School of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyVaranasiUttar PradeshIndia

Objective The incidence of cardiovascular diseases(CVD)is rising rapidly worldwide.Some forms of CVD,such as stroke and heart attack,are more common among patients with certain conditions.Atherosclerosis development is a major factor underlying cardiovascular events,such as heart attack and stroke,and its early detection may prevent such events.Ultrasound imaging of carotid arteries is a useful method for diagnosis of atherosclerotic plaques;however,an automated method to classify atherosclerotic plaques for evaluation of early-stage CVD is needed.Here,we propose an automated method for classification of high-risk atherosclerotic plaque ultrasound images.Methods Five deep learning(DL)models(VGG16,ResNet-50,GoogLeNet,XceptionNet,and SqueezeNet)were used for automated classification and the results compared with those of a machine learning(ML)-based technique,involving extraction of 23 texture features from ultrasound images and classification using a Support Vector Machine classifier.To enhance model interpretability,output gradient-weighted convolutional activation maps(GradCAMs)were generated and overlayed on original images.Results A series of indices,including accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,F1-score,Cohen-kappa index,and area under the curve values,were calculated to evaluate model performance.GradCAM output images allowed visualization of the most significant ultrasound image regions.The GoogLeNet model yielded the highest accuracy(98.20%).Conclusion ML models may be also suitable for applications requiring low computational resource.Further,DL models could be more completely automated than ML models.

关键词： Explainable deep learning Carotid artery Classification VGG 16 ResNet-50 GoogLeNet XceptionNet SqueezeNet

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Insights into the interface of NiCo_(2)O_(4) spinel/LaCoO_(3) perovskite nano-composite for CO and soot oxidation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 339-349页

作者： Neha Harshita singh Satya Vir singh Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)Varanasi221005India Department of Botany Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi221005India

In the quest for the development of thermally stable,highly active and low-cost catalysts for use in catalyzed diesel particulate filter,nano-composites are new areas of research.Therefore,we reported the easy synthesis of spinel NiCo_(2)O_(4)/perovskite LaCoO_(3) nano-composite,and its individual oxides NiCo_(2)O_(4)and LaCoO_(3) for comparison.The detailed insights into the physio-chemical characteristics of formed NiCo_(2)O_(4)/LaCoO_(3) nano-composite were done based on various characterization analysis such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR),N_(2) physiosorption,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM-EDX),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The characterization analysis of NiCo_(2)O_(4)/LaCoO_(3) revealed the successful formation of a chemical interface possessing strong interfacial interaction,resulting in desirable physicochemical characteristics such as small crystallite size,abundant mesoporosity,high specific surface area and activation of surface lattice oxygen.Owing to the desirable characteristics,the activity results over NiCo_(2)O_(4)/LaCoO_(3) nano-composite showed the excellent CO oxidation performance and high soot oxidation activity,recyclability and thermal stability.This work mainly attempts to emphasize the effectiveness of the facile,inexpensive and conventionally used precipitation method for the successful formation of highly efficient nano-composites.

关键词： LaCoO_(3) NiCo_(2)O_(4) Spinel/perovskite CO oxidation Soot oxidation Chemical interface

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Corrigendum to'Cancer chemotherapy and beyond:Current status,drug candidates,associated risks and progress in targeted therapeutics'[Genes&Diseases 10(2023)1367-1401]

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 426-427页

作者： Uttpal Anand Abhijit Dey Arvind k.singh Chandel Rupa Sanyal Amarnath Mishra Devendra kumar Pandey Valentina De Falco Arun Upadhyay Ramesh kandimalla Anupama Chaudhary Jaspreet kaur Dhanjal Saikat Dewanjee Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu Jose MPerez de la Lastra Department of Life Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 84105Israel Department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest Bengal 700073India Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Botany Bhairab Ganguly College(affliated to West Bengal State University)KolkataWest Bengal 700056India Faculty of Science and Technology Amity Institute of Forensic SciencesAmity University Uttar PradeshNoida 201313India Department of Biotechnology School of Bioengineering and BiosciencesLovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjab 144411India Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology(IEOS) National Research Council(CNR)Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology(DMMBM)University of Naples FedericoⅡNaples 80131Italy Department of Biochemistry School of Life SciencesCentral University of RajasthanBandar SindariKishangarhAjmerRajasthan 305817India CSiR-indian Institute of Chemical Technology HyderabadTelangana 500007India Department of Biochemistry Kakatiya Medical CollegeWarangalTelangana 506007India Orinin-BioSystems LE-52Lotus Road 4CHD CityKarnalHaryana 132001India Department of Computational Biology Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi(ⅢT-D)Okhla Industrial EstatePhaseⅢNew Delhi 110020India Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyJadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032India Department of Physics National Institute of Technology-WarangalWarangalTelangana 506004India Biotechnology of Macromolecules Research Group Instituto de Productos Naturales y AgrobiologiaIPNA-CSICSan Cristobal de La Laguna 38206TenerifeSpain

In the published article,there was an error in the affiliation information about the first author Uttpal Anand[a].Instead of"Department of Life Sciences,Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva 84105,Israel",it should be"CytoGene Research&Development LLP,k-51,UPSIDA Industrial Area,kursi Road(Lucknow),Dist.Barabanki,225001,Uttar Pradesh,India".The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of thearticle inanyway.

关键词： Cancer Cor targeted

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Transfer Learning-Based Class Imbalance-Aware Shoulder Implant Classification from X-Ray Images

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 892-912页

作者： Marut Jindal Birmohan singh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and TechnologySangrur148106PunjabIndia

Total shoulder arthroplasty is a standard restorative procedure practiced by orthopedists to diagnose shoulder arthritis in which a prosthesis replaces the whole joint or a part of the joint.It is often challenging for doctors to identify the exact model and manufacturer of the prosthesis when it is unknown.This paper proposes a transfer learning-based class imbalance-aware prosthesis detection method to detect the implant’s manufacturer automatically from shoulder X-ray images.The framework of the method proposes a novel training approach and a new set of batch-normalization,dropout,and fully convolutional layers in the head network.It employs cyclical learning rates and weighting-based loss calculation mechanism.These modifications aid in faster convergence,avoid local-minima stagnation,and remove the training bias caused by imbalanced dataset.The proposed method is evaluated using seven well-known pre-trained models of VGGNet,ResNet,and DenseNet families.Experimentation is performed on a shoulder implant benchmark dataset consisting of 597 shoulder X-ray images.The proposed method improves the classification performance of all pre-trained models by 10–12%.The DenseNet-201-based variant has achieved the highest classification accuracy of 89.5%,which is 10%higher than existing methods.Further,to validate and generalize the proposed method,the existing baseline dataset is supplemented to six classes,including samples of two more implant manufacturers.Experimental results have shown average accuracy of 86.7%for the extended dataset and show the preeminence of the proposed method.

关键词： Biomedical engineering Artificial intelligence Total shoulder arthroplasty Prosthesis identification Biomedical image classification

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Long-term fertilizer nitrogen management—Soil health conundrum

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 23-25页

作者： BIJAY-singh Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhiana 141004India

The mental model that fertilizer nitrogen (N) acts as a replacement for N mineralized from soil organic matter (SOM) needs to be revisited. Soil organic matter, the storehouse of N in soil, is one of the most important indicators of soil health. It supplies more N to crop plants than the current-year fertilizer N even when applied at high rates. Limited research shows that the application of fertilizer N above the optimum levels on a long-term basis deteriorates soil health by mineralizing SOM and depleting the soil N pool. Because soil N includes portions of fertilizer N applied in several previous years, year after year application of fertilizer N below the optimum levels will also lead to a gradual decline in soil N pool or soil health. To sustain high crop yield levels, fertilizer N needs to be applied on a long-term basis neither above nor below the optimum levels to ensure that soil health in terms of sustaining supply of soil N is maintained, if not enhanced.

关键词： soil Soil optimum

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Early Paleozoic basement diorite of arc-magmatism from kutch basin, Western India

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 296-307页

作者： Piyush Gupta Sandeep singh Shakti singh Rathore Argha Narayan Sarkar Geochronology Laboratory KDMIPEOil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd.9Kaulagarh RoadDehradun 248195India Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkee 247667India

In this study,we report for theﬁrst time an Early Palaeozoic basement diorite from the drilled well Nirona-A in the Banni Half-Graben of the kutch basin,western India.The 40Ar–39Ar dates provided a plateau age of 441.84±2.66 Ma and another pseudo plateau of 441.28±5.82 to 388.08±16.65 Ma for the basement diorite.These ages constrain the basement formation age to the Late Ordovician-Early Silurian period.The obtained basement ages are correlatable with the later part of Cambro-Ordovician alkaline magmatism that has been reported from the Huqf area in Central Oman,whereas their lithological and petrographic correlativity with base-ment diorites occurring in the Dinsi Body of Nagar Parkar igneous complex in Pakistan can also be envisaged.The geochemical studies characterized the diorite with enrich-ment of LILE(Rb,Ba,and k)and LREE(La,Ce,Nd),strong depletion of HFSE(Nb,Sr,P,and Ti),along with weakly negative Eu anomalies.The geochemical signatures indicate their petrogenetic afﬁliation with mantle-derived magmas,as well as their tectonic setting to be arc-related,having post-collisional continental-arc type afﬁnity.The*440 Ma basement of kutch,therefore,appears to rep-resent the later thermal event associated with the reworked Neoproterozoic subduction-related suite from Greater India’s northwest edge,which has implications for Gond-wana assembly in the northwest Indian subcontinent.

关键词： kutch basin 40Ar–39Ar ages Early palaeozoic basement Continental-arc magmatism Calc-alkaline magmatism

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