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Current scenario and potential of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in Pakistan:An overview☆

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Exact solutions for the flow of second grade fluid in annulus between torsionally oscillating cylinders

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第10期

作者： haris mahmood khan Chaudhry Haider Ali Tanveer Iqbal Saima Yasin Muhammad Sulaiman Hamayoun mahmood Muhammad Raashid Mohsin Pasha Bozhong Mu Department of Chemical， Polymer and Composite Materials Engineering， University of Engineering & Technology，KSK Campus East China University of Science and Technology

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2011年第2期27卷 222-227页

作者： Amir mahmood Saima Parveen Najeeb Alam khan Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Lahore Pakistan Abdus Salam School of Mathematical Sciences Lahore Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan

The velocity field and the associated shear stress corresponding to the torsional oscillatory flow of a second grade fluid, between two infinite coaxial circular cylinders, are determined by means of the Laplace and Hankel transforms. At time t = 0, the fluid and both the cylinders are at rest and at t = 0 ＋ , cylinders suddenly begin to oscillate around their common axis in a simple harmonic way having angular frequencies ω 1 and ω 2 . The obtained solutions satisfy the governing differential equation and all imposed initial and boundary conditions. The solutions for the motion between the cylinders, when one of them is at rest, can be obtained from our general solutions. Furthermore, the corresponding solutions for Newtonian fluid are also obtained as limiting cases of our general solutions.

关键词： Second grade fluid · Velocity field · Shear stress · Longitudinal oscillatory flow · Laplace and Hankel transforms

Causes of recurring drought patterns in Xinjiang, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2010年第4期2卷 279-285页

作者： Rashed mahmood Babar khan Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography CAS

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, with its unique topography and geographical location receives very less precipitation in summer as compared with other parts of China. The region is a land locked where moisture is supplied only by westerly winds from Atlantic Ocean as the moisture coming from Indian Ocean is mostly blocked by the Himalayas Range and the Tibetan plateau. In such a scenario, Xinjiang faces severe drought conditions offering significant challenges to water management. In this paper, we analyzed the drought periods in Xinjiang and discussed the various factors that might have influenced precipitation over the past forty-four years. For this purpose, we defined three periods of consecutive four years for high and low precipitation intensities. The average observed precipitation was 1.05 mm/day and 0.7 mm/day in summer (June-July-August) for the Tianshan Mountain region and Junggar Basin of Xinjiang, respectively. The drought conditions indicated that high sea level pressure, wind divergence and low convection were the prominent features that caused the droughts, which often do not allow the condensation process to coagulate the tiny water droplets into relatively large raindrops reducing the amount of precipitation in the region. The period of 1983-1986 is the lowest precipitation interval indicating the severe drought in the western Xinjiang (i.e western Tianshan Mountain region), for which, less moisture availability, strong divergence and less convection could be the most influencing factors.

关键词： Xinjiang drought topography moisture availability convection raindrops divergence

Radiation induced decontamination of Cr(Ⅵ),Cu(Ⅱ) and phenol in some tannery effluents

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2007年第4期18卷 212-217页

作者： Hasan M. khan Abdul mahmood Radiation Chemistry Laboratory National Centre of Excellence in Physical ChemistryUniversity of PeshawarPeshawar 25120Pakistan

Industrialization has led to a number of environmental problems, such as release of toxic metals and other toxic organic and inorganic compounds to the environment. Among all, the rapid expansion of leather related industries in Pakistan have resulted in considerable environmental problems and effluents from processing of both domestic and imported hides and skins have increased pollution to alarming levels. Some tannery effluents of Peshawar area investigated in the present study showed high concentrations of Cr(Ⅵ) (2.7-12.6 mg/L), Cu(Ⅱ) (2.6-11.4 mg/L) and phenol (0.1-4.2 mg/L). These contaminants are very toxic and must be removed from effluents before releasing into water bodies. A new technique of gamma irradiation has been investigated to decrease the load of COD and concentrations of Cr(Ⅵ), Cu(Ⅱ) and phenol associated with tannery effluents to the permitted values. It was observed that concentration of Cr(Ⅵ) in the effluents can be brought to the permitted level by applying radiation dose of 3 kGy. A radiation dose of 2.5 kGy was required to remove more than 95% of Cu(Ⅱ) and 100 % degradation of phenol in tannery effluents could be achieved by only one kGy of radiation dose.

关键词：制革厂污水处理方法环境保护

Prediction of Extremist Behaviour and Suicide Bombing from Terrorism Contents Using Supervised Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4411-4428页

作者： Nasir mahmood Muhammad Usman Ghani khan Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and Technology54890Lahore

This study proposes an architecture for the prediction of extremist human behaviour from projected suicide *** linking‘dots’of police data comprising scattered information of people,groups,logistics,locations,communication,and spatiotemporal characters on different social media groups,the proposed architecture will spawn beneficial *** useful information will,in turn,help the police both in predicting potential terrorist events and in investigating previous ***,this architecture will aid in the identification of criminals and their associates and *** is psychological warfare,which,in the broadest sense,can be defined as the utilisation of deliberate violence for economic,political or religious *** this study,a supervised learning-based approach was adopted to develop the proposed *** dataset was prepared from the suicide bomb blast data of Pakistan obtained from the South Asia Terrorism Portal(SATP).As the proposed architecture was simulated,the supervised learning-based classifiers na飗e Bayes and Hoeffding Tree reached 72.17%*** of the additional benefits this study offers is the ability to predict the target audience of potential suicide bomb blasts,which may be used to eliminate future threats or,at least,minimise the number of casualties and other property losses.

关键词： Extremism terrorism suicide bombing crime prediction pattern recognition machine learning supervised learning

Influence of Filler on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Residual Stresses in TIG Weldments of Dissimilar Titanium Alloys

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第10期34卷 1395-1406页

作者： Massab Junaid Fahd Nawaz khan Tauheed Shahbaz haris saleem Julfikar Haider Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyTopi 23640Pakistan Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering Department of Materials ScienceGhulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyTopi 23640Pakistan Advanced Materials and Surface Engineering(AMSE)Research Centre Manchester Metropolitan UniversityChester StreetManchester M15GDUK

The influence of titanium alloy(Ti–5 Al–2.5 Sn) and commercially pure titanium(cp Ti) as fillers on dissimilar pulsed tungsten inert gas weldments of Ti–5 Al–2.5 Sn/cp Ti was investigated in terms of microstructure, mechanical/nano-mechanical properties, and residual stresses. A partial martensitic transformation was observed in the weldments for all the welding conditions due to high heat input. The microstructure evolved in the FZ/cp Ti interfacial region was observed to be the most sensitive to the proportion of α stabilizer in the filler alloy. Furthermore, the addition of filler alloy improved the tensile properties and nano-mechanical response of the weld joint owing to the increased volume of metal in the weld joint. As compared to the Ti–5 Al–2.5 Sn wire, the use of cp Ti filler wire proved to be better in terms of energy absorbed during tensile and impact tests, tensile strength and ductility of the dissimilar welds. An asymmetrical residual stresses profile was observed close to the weld centerline, with high compressive stresses on the Ti–5 Al–2.5 Sn side for both the weldments obtained with and without filler wires. This was attributed to mainly the low thermal conductivity of Ti–5 Al–2.5 Sn. The presence of residual stresses also influenced the nano-hardness profile across the weldments.

关键词： Titanium alloys Dissimilar welding Nano-indentation Residual stresses Tungsten inert gas(TIG)welding Microstructure

Multifaceted Strategies Used by Root-Knot Nematodes to Parasitize Plants-A Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第2期89卷 205-215页

作者： Adnan Shakeel Abrar Ahmad khan Mohammad haris Division of Environmental Botany Department of BotanyAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India

Root-knot nematodes being omnipresent in agricultural and horticultural soils are tallied among the most important economic pathogens around the *** successful parasitism,these nematodes use various strategies to control and manipulate the host plant’s cell *** strategies include the mole-cular mimicry of some host genes by some nematode secreted effector proteins,secretion of cell wall digesting enzymes and other effector proteins that are responsible for the suppression of defence by the host *** these secretions which are released through the stylet,contribute to the formation of specialized feeding sites or giant *** effector proteins interfere with the normal physiology,cytology and biochemistry of the host *** present review brings novel insights by summarizing some novel effectors that have been discovered recently like MgPDI,MiMIF,MiIDL1,MiISE6,Mg16820,*** also discusses some novel mechanisms through which these effector proteins target different pathways of host plants and thus facilitate nematode parasitism.

关键词： Effector proteins meloidogyne parasitism mimicry

Recent Progress,Challenges,and Prospects in Two‑Dimensional Photo‑Catalyst Materials and Environmental Remediation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第12期12卷 29-105页

作者： Karim khan Ayesha khan Tareen Muhammad Aslam Rizwan Ur Rehman Sagar Bin Zhang Weichun Huang Asif mahmood Nasir mahmood Kishwar khan Han Zhang Zhongyi Guo School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization Dongguan University of Technology(DGUT)Dongguan 523808GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro‑Nano Photonic Information TechnologyGuangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy(SZ)Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China Government Degree College Paharpur Gomel UniversityDera Ismail KhanK.P.KIslamic Republic of Pakistan School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyJiangxi 341000People’s Republic of China School of Chemical and Bio‑Molecular Engineering The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia School of Engineering The Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology(RMIT)UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Research Laboratory of Electronics(RLE) Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)CambridgeMAUSA

The successful photo-catalyst library gives significant information on feature that affects photo-catalytic performance and proposes new *** is considerably significant to form multi-functional photo-catalysts with flexible *** recently,two-dimensional materials(2DMs)gained much attention from researchers,due to their unique thickness-dependent uses,mainly for photo-catalytic,outstanding chemical and physical ***-catalytic water splitting and hydrogen(H2)evolution by plentiful compounds as electron(e−)donors is estimated to participate in constructing clean method for solar *** photocatalysis received much research attention caused by their applications to tackle numerous energy and environmental *** broad review explains progress regarding 2DMs,significance in structure,and catalytic *** will discuss in detail current progresses of approaches for adjusting 2DMs-based photo-catalysts to assess their photo-activity including doping,hetero-structure scheme,and functional formation *** plans,e.g.,doping and sensitization of semiconducting 2DMs,increasing electrical conductance,improving catalytic active sites,strengthening interface coupling in semiconductors(SCs)2DMs,forming nano-structures,building multi-junction nano-composites,increasing photo-stability of SCs,and using combined results of adapted approaches,are summed ***,to further improve 2DMs photo-catalyst properties,hetero-structure design-based 2DMs’photo-catalyst basic mechanism is also reviewed.

关键词： Two-dimensional materials Photo-catalysts H2O2/H2-production Pollutant degradation CO2 reduction

In vivo immunomodulatory profile of histamine receptors(H1,H2,H3 and H4):a comparative antagonists study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第6期3卷 465-470页

作者： Trivendra Tripathi Mohammad Shahid haris M khan Aijaz Ahmed khan Mashiatullah Siddiqui Rahat Ali khan Department of Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineJawaharlal Nehru Medical College & HospitalAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh-202002U.P.India Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineJawaharlal Nehru Medical College & HospitalAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh-202002U.P.India Department of Anatomy Faculty of MedicineJawaharlal Nehru Medical College & HospitalAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh-202002U.P.India Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineJawaharlal Nehru Medical College & HospitalAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh-202002U.P.India

Objective:To delineate the comparative immunomodulatory roles of H1R-H4R in antibody generation profile in rabbit ***:The cohort comprised of eight groups containing 18(9 male and 9 female) rabbits in each ***Ⅰremained non-immunized and received only vehicle(sterile distilled water,1 mL/kg×b.i.d.) ***Ⅱreceived vehicle (1 mL/kg×b.i.d.) while GroupsⅢ-Ⅶ(drugs-treated) received subcutaneous histamine (100μg/kg×b.i.d.),and intramuscular H1R-antagonist(pheniramine,10 mg/kg×b.i.d.), H2R-antagonist(ranitidine,10 mg/kg×b.i.d.),H3R-antagonist(iodophenpropit,1μg/kg×b.i.d.) and H4R-antagonist(JNJ 7777120,10μg/kg×b.i.d.),and GroupⅧDMSO(1 mL/kg×b.i.d.),respectively for 10 days(starting from day 1).They were subsequendy immunized with intravenous injection of sheep red blood cells(SRBC) at day *** estimation of serum Igs,IgM and IgG were done by ELISA,and observed at day 0(pre-immunization),and 7,14,21,28 and 58(post-immunization).Results:It was shown that histamine and HRs-antagonists could influence a detectable antibody response to SRBC as early as day 7-post-immunization(post-Ⅰ), which lasted until day 58 post-Ⅰ.The results were found statistically significant(P<0.05,). Conclusions:This study suggests that histamine receptors play important roles in modulation of antibody generation in which H1R,H2R and H4R have immunosuppressive roles and conversely, H3R playes an immune enhancing *** findings of this study may have clinical significance and provide the baseline information for future study.

关键词： Histamine receptors Immunomodulation Humoral immune response H3R-antagonist H4R-antagonist