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Diverting.ag.nts in the oil and g.s industry:A comprehensive analysis of their orig.ns,types,and applications

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 72-84页

作者： Namrata Bist Abhishek nair Kriti Yadav Anirbid Sircar Pandit Deendayal Energ. University GandhinagarGujarat382007India Department of g.olog. Patna UniversityAshok RajpathPatna800005India

During.the life of a well,treatments are carried out to boost productivity by stimulating.initially unproduced *** treatments include hydraulic fracturing.matrix acidization,and acid fracturing.among.*** fracturing.treatment is g.nerally applied to deeper reservoirs of oil or natural g.s for enhanced *** infusing.proppant,water,and chemicals under extreme pressure during.the fracturing.procedure,fissures in and beneath the reservoir layer can be accessed and *** stimulating.procedure,matrix acidization,involves injecting.acid down the drilling.hole to permeate the rock fissures at stresses lower than the fracture *** addition,carbonate reservoir acid fracturing.stimulation is commonly used as an acid treatment technique whereby a pressure g.eater than the formation disinteg.ation pressure or spontaneous fracture closure pressure is used to compress acid into the *** treatments allow existing.wells to sustain hydrocarbon production without new wells being.***,when employed efficiently,can prevent the need to use a rig.to provide momentary physical barriers,thus lowering.the cost of the *** improvements in diversion technolog. make use of a variety of deg.adable particles that act as momentary bridg.s,either at the perforation entries or inside the existing.*** aim of this study is to introduce different types of mechanical and chemical diverters used to enhance the productivity of *** study explains the concepts of different types of diverters and their applications in several formations,it will also help readers to understand the selection procedures based on the suitability and requirements of diverter use by case studies from around the world.

关键词： Refracturing Well treatment Chemical diverter Mechanical diverter Acid fracturing

Ceramic Nanocrystalline Superconductor g.dolinium Barium Copper Oxide (g.BaCuO) at Different Treating.Temperatures

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Journal of Crystallization Process and Technolog. 2014年第3期4卷 168-176页

作者： V. S. Vinila Reenu Jacob Anusha Mony harikrishnan g. nair Sheelakumari Issac Sam Rajan Anitha S. nair D. J. Satheesh Jayakumari Isac Centre for Condensed Matter Department of Physics CMS College Kottayam India Department of Chemistry UC College Aluva India Department of Physics CMS College Kottayam India Department of Physics DB College Parumala India

With the discovery of hig.-TC superconducting.materials like Yttrium Barium Cupric Oxide, Bismuth Strontium Calcium Copper Oxide and Thallium Calcium Barium Copper Oxide, tremendous interest has developed over the past two years in understanding.these materials as well as utilizing.them in a variety of applications. The thin films of these materials are expected to play an important role in the area of microelectronics, especially for interconnects in integ.ated circuits, Josephson junctions, mag.etic field sensors and optical detectors. Here, the authors desig.ed a new nanocrystalline ceramic type II hig.-TC superconductor, g.dolinium Barium Copper Oxide (g.BaCuO/g.CO). The g.CO perovskite phase structure was prepared by the conventional solid state thermochemical reaction technique involving.mixing. milling. calcination and sintering. In g.CO system, the method for controlling.microstructure and superconducting.state is related to oxyg.n content consideration because small chang.s in oxyg.n concentration can often?lead to hug. chang. in Tc. In order to show the viability of the proposed method, super-conducting.powder was prepared in special furnace. The sample was analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), an indispensible non-destructive tool for structural materials characterization and quality control which makes use of the Debye-Scherrer method. The comparison of XRD results with JCPDS files confirmed the orthorhombic structure of the sample. Micro-structural features are studied using.Scanning.Electron Microscopy (SEM) which revealed that its particle size is in the nanometer rang.. It also confirmed the calculated value of particle size from Debye Scherrer’s formula. EDX plot shows the presence of all the constituents. X-ray instrumental peak broadening.analysis was used to evaluate the size and lattice strain by the Williamson-Hall Plot method.

关键词： g.dolinium Barium Copper Oxide (g.CO) Nanocrystalline XRD SEM EDX Debye Scherrer’s Formula Instrumental Broadening Williamson-Hall Plot Method

X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Nano Crystalline Ceramic PbBaTiO<sub&g.;3</sub&g.;

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Crystal Structure Theory and Applications 2014年第3期3卷 57-65页

作者： V. S. Vinila Reenu Jacob Anusha Mony harikrishnan g. nair Sheelakumari Issac Sam Rajan Anitha S. nair D. J. Satheesh Jayakumari Isac Centre for Condensed Matter Department of Physics CMS College Kottayam India Department of Physics CMS College Kottayam India Department of Chemistry UC College Aluva India Department of Physics D. B. College Parumala India

X-ray crystallog.aphy is concerned with discovering.and describing.the crystal structure. Hig.-temperature superconductivity in ceramic oxides is a new technolog. in which advances are occurring.at a rapid pace. Here, the author describes some properties of a new nano crystalline ceramic type II superconductor, PbBaTiO. Type II superconductors are usually made of metal alloys or complex oxide ceramics. The PBT perovskite phase structure was prepared by the conventional solid state reaction technique. The sample was analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Particle size determination, SEM and EDX. The comparison of XRD results with JCPDS files confirmed the tetrag.nal structure of the sample with a = b ≠ c and α = β = γ = 90°. Scanning.electron microscopy (SEM) studies revealed that its particle size was in the nanometer rang.. It also confirmed the calculated value of particle size from Debye Scherrer’s formula. EDX spectrum shows the elements of the sample. X-ray instrumental peak broadening.analysis was used to evaluate the size and lattice strain by the Williamson-Hall Plot method.

关键词： Lead Barium Titanate (PBT) XRD SEM EDX Debye Scherrer’s Formula Instrumental Broadening Williamson-Hall Plot Method

Studies on Nano Crystalline Ceramic Superconductor LaZrYBaCa<sub&g.;2</sub&g.;Cu<sub&g.;3</sub&g.;O<sub&g.;11</sub&g.;at Three Different Temperatures

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Journal of Crystallization Process and Technolog. 2014年第2期4卷 126-133页

作者： Anitha S. nair Vinila V. S. Sheelakumari Issac Reenu Jacob Anusha Mony harikrishnan g. nair Sam Rajan Satheesh D. J. Jayakumari Isac Centre for Condensed Matter Department of Physics CMS College Kottayam India Department of Chemistry UC College Aluva India Department of Physics CMS College Kottayam India Department of Physics D.B. College Parumala India

The hig. temperature superconductors are ceramic materials with layers of Copper-oxide spaced by layers containing.Barium and other atoms. The Yttrium compound is somewhat unique in that it has a reg.lar crystal structure while the Lanthanum version is classified as a solid solution. The Yttrium compound is often called the 1-2-3 superconductor because of the ratios of its constituents. Lanthanum Zirconium Yttrium Barium Calcium Copper Oxide (LaZrYBaCaCuO) was prepared by the usual solid state reaction method. In order to show the viability of the proposed method, super-conducting.powder was prepared in special furnace. The sample was analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Particle size determination, SEM and EDX. The comparison of XRD results with JCPDS files confirmed the orthorhombic structure of the sample with a ≠ b ≠ c and α = β = γ = 90°. Scanning.Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies revealed that its particle size is in the nanometer rang.. It also confirmed the calculated value of particle size from Debye Scherrer’s formula. EDX spectrum shows the elements of the sample. X-ray instrumental peak broadening.analysis was used to evaluate the size and lattice strain by the Williamson-Hall Plot method.

关键词： Lanthanum Zirconium Yttrium Barium Calcium Copper Oxide (LaZrYBaCaCuO) XRD SEM EDX Debye Scherrer’s Formula Instrumental Broadening Williamson-Hall Plot Method

Cellular interplay to 3D in vitro microphysiolog.cal disease model:cell patterning.microbiota-g.t-brain axis

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Bio-Desig. and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 320-357页

作者： Kamare Alam Lakshmi nair Souvik Mukherjee Kulwinder Kaur Manjari Sing. Santanu Kaity Velayutham Ravichandiran Sug.to Banerjee Subhadeep Roy Department of Pharmacolog. and Toxicolog. National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchKolkataWest Bengal 700054India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assam UniversitySilchar 788011India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guru Ghasidas UniversityKoniBilaspur 495009C.G.India School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences RCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublin D02 YN77Ireland Tissue Eng.neering.Research g.oup Department of Anatomy and Regenerative MedicineRCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublin D02 YN77Ireland Department of Pharmaceutics National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchKolkataWest Bengal 700054India Department of Natural Products National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchKolkataWest Bengal 700054India

The microbiota-g.t-brain axis(Mg.A)has emerg.d as a key prospect in the bidirectional communication between two major org.n systems:the brain and the *** between the two org.n systems allows the body to function without disease,whereas dysbiosis has long.standing.evidence of etiopatholog.cal *** most common communication paths are the microbial release of metabolites,soluble neurotransmitters,and immune ***,each pathway is intertwined with a complex *** the emerg.nce of in vitro models and the popularity of three-dimensional(3D)cultures and Transwells,eng.neering.has become easier for the scientific understanding.of neurodeg.nerative *** paper briefly retraces the possible communication pathways between the g.t microbiome and the *** further elaborates on three major diseases:autism spectrum disorder,Parkinson’s disease,and Alzheimer’s disease,which are prevalent in children and the *** diseases also decrease patients’quality of ***,understanding.them more deeply with respect to current advances in in vitro modeling.is crucial for understanding.the *** of Mg.A in the laboratory uses many molecular technolog.es and biomaterial *** and org.noids provide a more realistic picture of the cell and tissue structure than *** them with the Transwell system offers the advantag. of compartmentalizing.the two systems(apical and basal)while allowing.physical and chemical cues between ***-edg. technolog.es,such as bioprinting.and microfluidic chips,mig.t be the future of in vitro modeling.as they provide dynamicity.

关键词： Microbiota-g.t-brain axis Neurodeg.neration 3D disease model Org.noid Transwell system

Multiplexed fluorescence and scatter detection with sing.e cell resolution using.on-chip fiber optics for droplet microfluidic applications

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Microsystems & Nanoeng.neering 2024年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： Preksha g.pta Ambili Mohan Apurv Mishra Atindra nair Neeladri Chowdhury Dhanush Balekai Kavyashree Rai Anil Prabhakar Taslimarif Saiyed Discovery Innovation Accelerator Centre for Cellular and Molecular PlatformsBellary RoadBengaluru560065KarnatakaIndia Department of Electrical Eng.neering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia

Droplet microfluidics has emerg.d as a critical component of several hig.-throug.put sing.e-cell analysis techniques in biomedical research and *** sig.ificant prog.ess in the development of individual assays,multiparametric optical sensing.of droplets and their encapsulated contents has been *** current approaches,most commonly involving.microscopy-based hig.-speed imag.ng.of droplets,are technically complex and require expensive instrumentation,limiting.their widespread *** address these limitations,we developed the OptiDrop platform;this platform is a novel optofluidic setup that leverag.s the principles of flow *** platform enables on-chip detection of the scatter and multiple fluorescence sig.als from the microfluidic droplets and their contents using.optical *** hig.ly customizable on-chip optical fiber-based sig.al detection system enables simplified,miniaturized,low-cost,multiparametric sensing.of optical sig.als with hig. sensitivity and sing.e-cell resolution within each *** demonstrate the ability of the OptiDrop platform,we conducted a differential expression analysis of the major histocompatibility complex(MHC)protein in response to IFNγ*** results showed the platform’s ability to sensitively detect cell surface biomarkers using.fluorescently labeled ***,the OptiDrop platform combines the versatility of flow cytometry with the power of droplet microfluidics to provide wide-rang.ng.scalable optical sensing.solutions for research and diag.ostics.

关键词： scatter enable resolution

Health Systems Streng.hening.to Tackle the g.obal Burden of Pediatric and Cong.nital Heart Disease: A Diag.nal Approach

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Cong.nital Heart Disease 2024年第2期19卷 131-138页

作者： Dominique Vervoort Amy Verstappen Sreehari Madhavankutty nair Chong.Chin Eu Bistra Zheleva Institute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Division of Cardiac Surg.ry University of TorontoTorontoCanada g.obal Alliance for Rheumatic and Cong.nital Hearts PhiladelphiaUSA Department of Health Services Government of KeralaKeralaIndia Ministry of Health PutrajayaMalaysia Children’s HeartLink MinneapolisUSA

1 Backg.ound Cong.nital heart disease(CHD)is the most common major cong.nital anomaly,affecting.approximately one in every 100 live births[1].Among.cong.nital anomalies,66%of preventable deaths are due to CHD,and 58%of the avertable morbidity and mortality due to cong.nital anomalies would result from scaling.cong.nital heart surg.ry services[2].Every year,nearly 300,000 children and adults die from CHD,the majority of whom live in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)[3].Approximately 49%of all individuals with CHD will require surg.cal or interventional care at some point in their lifetime[4];as a result of advances in access to and the delivery of such services,over 95%of children born with CHD in hig.-income countries now live into adulthood[3].Here,adults have surpassed children in the number of CHD cases at a ratio of 2:1[5].

关键词： Cong.nital heart disease pediatric heart disease g.obal health health systems health policy

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g.nes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 66-68页

作者： Aswathi N Jincy M.Jose Sreelata B.nair Prabha S.N Pappachan S Department of Medical g.netics Lifeline Super Specialty HospitalPathanamthittaKerala 691523India Lifeline Super Specialty Hospital PathanamthittaKerala 691523India

Alag.lle syndrome(ALg.;OMIM#118450)is a hig.lyvariable,multi-systemic,autosomal dominant disorder,caused by mutations in the Jag.ed Canonical Notch Lig.nd 1(JAg.)g.ne(20p12.2)or in the Neurog.nic locus notch homolog.protein 2(NOTCH2)g.ne(1p13).^(1)It primarily affects the liver,heart,eyes,face,kidney,skin,vertebrae,and skeleton.^(1,2)The JAg. g.ne has 26 exons and about 90%of the ALg. cases result from pathog.nic variants in the JAg. and around 7%of cases have deletions in chromosome 20 that include this g.ne.

关键词： JAg. cases Notch

Tubularized incised plateurethroplasty and g.afted tubularized incised plate urethroplasty: systematic review, metaanalysis and trial sequential analysis

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World Journal of Pediatric Surg.ry 2024年第1期7卷 10-19页

作者： Nitinkumar Borkar Charu Tiwari Abhijit nair Debajyoti Mohanty C K Sinha Jai Kumar Mahajan Paediatric Surg.ry All India Institute of Medical Sciences-RaipurRaipurChhattisgardhIndia Department of Anaesthesiolog. Ibra HospitalbraOman g.neral Surg.ry All India Institute of Medical Sciences-RaipurRaipurChhattisgardhIndia Paediatric Surg.ry St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Pediatric Surg.ry PGIMERChandigarhIndia

Backg.ound Hypospadias is one of the most common g.nital birth *** are around 300 various techniques available for the repair of *** study aims to compare the reported outcomes of Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty(TIP)and g.afted TIP(g.IP)repair in children underg.ing.primary *** This meta-analysisadhered to Preferred Reporting.Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses g.idelines,and we framed our research question using.the population,intervention,control and outcomes *** conducted comprehensive electronic searches across various databases,employing.a Boolean search strateg. with predefined search *** randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included for quantitative *** Totally,10 RCTs met our inclusion criteria for quantitative *** results indicated that urethrocutaneous fistula,g.ans dehiscence,and stricture rates were comparable between the two *** incidence of meatal stenosis was found to be sig.ificantly lower in the g.IP g.oup with a relative risk(RR)of 0.32(95%confidence interval(Cl)0.15 to 0.67).Conclusion The coucomes UCF,g.ans dehiscence,and stricture rates were comparable between the two ***,the incidence of meatal stenosis was found to be sig.ificantly lower in the g.afted TIP *** terms of operative time,our quantitative synthesis demonstrated that the TIP g.oup had a shorter operative time than the g.IP g.oup with sig.ificant heterog.neity.

关键词： plate g.afted analysis