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Injection of N-Radicals into Diesel Engine Exhaust Treated b. Plasma for Improved NO_x Removal: A Feasib.lity Study

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Plasma Science and Technology 2006年第2期8卷 202-206页

作者： b. S. RAJANIKANTH b. R. SUSHMA Dept. of High Voltage Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India

Reported in this paper is a feasib.lity study on the injection of plasma induced N radicals for the ab.tement of NO and NOx present in the actual diesel exhaust. The radical laden diesel exhaust was further treated b. discharge plasma in a dielectric b.rrier discharge reactor. N radicals were produced in a separate plasma reactor filled with b.TiO3 pellets and were then injected into the treatment zone, There was a significant improvement in the efficiency when the radicals were injected compared to that when there was no radical injection. The efficiency of NOx removal at 0 load with plasma alone was 14% whereas with the injection of N radicals it went up to 38%, The results of the experiments conducted at different loads are discussed,

关键词： N-radical diesel engine exhaust NOx removal plasma treatment

Perturb.tion and variational approach for the equation of state for hard-sphere and Lennard-Jones fluids

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Chinese Physics b 2012年第4期21卷 383-395页

作者： S. b. Khasare Department of Physics Science College Congress Nagar Nagpur India

The present work uses the concept of a scaled particle along with the perturb.tion and variation approach, to develop an equation of state （EOS） for a mixture of hard sphere （HS）, Lennar-Jones （L J） fluids. A suitab.e flexib.e functional form for the radial distrib.tion function G（R） is assumed for the mixture, with R as a variab.e. The function G（R） has an arb.trary parameter m and a different equation of state can b. ob.ained with a suitab.e choice of m. For m = 0.75 and m = 0.83 results are close to molecular dynamics （MD） result for pure HS and LJ fluid respectively.

关键词： equation of state Lennard-Jones potential hard-sphere potential liquid mixture com- puter simulation

A comprehensive analysis of various structural parameters of Indian coals with the aid of advanced analytical tools

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第2期3卷 123-132页

作者： b. Manoj Department of Physics Christ University BangaloreKarnataka 560027 India

An exhaustive structural analysis was carried out on three Indian coals （ranging from sub.b.tuminous to high volatile b.tuminous coal） using a range of advanced characterization tools. Detailed investigations were carded out using UV-Visib.e spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled energy dispersive spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The X-ray and Raman peaks were deconvoluted and analyzed in details. Coal crystallites possess turb.stratic structure, whose crystallite diameter and height increase with rank. The tJdC ratio plotted against aromaticity exhib.ted a decreasing trend, confirming the graphitization of coal upon leaching. It is also found that, with the increase of coal rank, the dependency of I20/I26 on La is saturated, due to the increase in average size of sp2 nanoclusters. In Raman spectra, the ob.erved G peak （1585 cm^-1） and the D2 b.nd arises from graphitic lattices. In IR spectrum, two distinct peaks at 2850 and 2920 cm i are attrib.ted to the symmetric and asymmetric -CH2 stretching vib.ations. The intense peak at - 1620 cm^-1, is either attrib.ted to the aromatic ring stretching of C=C nucleus.

关键词： Coal structure Spectroscopic tools X-ray diffraction Graphene layers

Modelling sediment transport processes in macro-tidal estuary

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3368-3375页

作者： Rauen William b. Hydro-environmental Research Centre School of Engineering Cardiff University Parade Cardiff CF24 3AA UK

This paper outlines a numerical modeling study to predict the sediment transport processes in a macro-tidal estuary, namely the Mersey Estuary, UK. An integrated numerical model study is conducted to investigate the interaction b.tween the hydrodynamic, morphological and sediment transport processes occurring in the estuary. The numerical model widely used in environmental sediment transport studies worldwide, namely ECOMSED is used to simulate flow and sediment transport in estuary. A wetting and drying scheme is proposed and applied to the model, which defines "dry" cells as regions with a thin film of fluid O (cm). The primitive equations are solved in the thin film as well as in other regular wet cells. A model for the b.d load transport is included in the code to account for the dynamics of the mob.le b.d b.undary. The b.d evolution due to b.d load transport which is calculated according to van Rijn (1984a) is ob.ained b. solving the sediment mass-b.lance equation. An estuary-related lab.ratory flume experiment is used to verify the model. Six sets of field measured hydrodynamic data are used to verify the corresponding predictions of the model, with the model-predicted water elevations and salinity levels generally agreeing well with the field measurements. The numerical model results show that in the Mersey Estuary b.th the tidal level and river discharge affect significantly the sediment transport. Reasonab.e agreement b.tween the model results and field data has b.en ob.ained, indicating that the model can b. used as computer-b.sed tool for the environment management of estuarine system.

关键词： hydraulic modelling sediment transport estuary ECOMSED flooding and drying

Evolutionary computation in zoology and ecology

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Current Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 675-686页

作者： Randall b. b.ONE Natural Resource Ecology Lab.ratory and the Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainab.lity ColoradoState University Fort Collins CO 80523-1499 USA

Evolutionary computational methods have adopted attrib.tes of natural selection and evolution to solve prob.ems in computer science, engineering, and other fields. The method is growing in use in zoology and ecology. Evolutionary principles may b. merged with an agent-b.sed modeling perspective to have individual animals or other agents compete. Four main categories are discussed： genetic algorithms, evolutionary programming, genetic programming, and evolutionary strategies. In evolutionary computation, a population is represented in a way that allows for an ob.ective function to b. assessed that is relevant to the prob.em of interest. The poorest performing memb.rs are removed from the population, and remaining memb.rs reproduce and may b. mutated. The fitness of the memb.rs is again assessed, and the cycle continues until a stopping condition is met. Case studies include optimizing： egg shape given different clutch sizes, mate selection, migration of wildeb.est, b.rds, and elk, vulture foraging b.havior, algal b.oom prediction, and species richness given energy constraints. Other case studies simulate the evolution of species and a means to project shifts in species ranges in response to a changing climate that includes competition and phenotypic plasticity. This introduction concludes b. citing other uses of evolutionary computation and a review of the flexib.lity of the methods. For example, representing species＇ niche spaces sub.ect to selective pressure allows studies on cladistics, the taxon cycle, neutral versus niche paradigms, fundamental versus realized niches, community structure and order of colonization, invasiveness, and responses to a changing climate.

关键词： agent-b.sed modeling case studies evolutionary programming evolutionary strategies genetic algorithms geneticprogramming.

A SADDLE POINT NUMERICAL METHOD FOR HELMHOLTZ EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2017年第1期35卷 19-36页

作者： Russell b. Richins Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Thiel College Pennsylvania USA

In a previous work, the author and D.C. Dob.on proposed a numerical method for solving the complex Helmholtz equation b.sed on the minimization variational principles developed b. Milton, Seppecher, and b.uchitte. This method results in a system of equations with a symmetric positive definite coefficient matrix, b.t at the same time requires solving simultaneously for the solution and its gradient. Herein is presented a method b.sed on the saddle point variational principles of Milton, Seppecher, and b.uch- itte, which produces symmetric positive definite systems of equations, b.t eliminates the necessity of solving for the gradient of the solution. The result is a method for a wide class of Helmholtz prob.ems b.sed completely on the Conjugate Gradient algorithm.

关键词： Helmholtz Conjugate gradient Saddle point Finite element.

Opto-Mechanical Effects in Superradiant Light Scattering b. b.se-Einstein Condensate in an Optical Cavity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2012年第12期58卷 840-846页

作者： Aranya b. b.attacherjee Department of Physics ARSD College University of Delhi (South Campus)New Delhi-110021 India Institut für Theoretische Physik Freie UniversittArnimallee 14 14195 Berlin German

We investigate the effects of a movab.e mirror (cantilever) of an optical cavity on the superradiant light scattering from a b.se-Einstein condensate (b.C) in an optical lattice. We show that the mirror motion has a dynamic dispersive effect on the cavity-pump detuning. Varying the intensity of the pump b.am, one can switch b.tween the pure superradiant regime and the b.agg scattering regime. The mechanical frequency of the mirror strongly influences the time interval b.tween two b.agg peaks. We find that when the system is in the resolved side b.nd regime for mirror cooling, the superradiant scattering is enhanced due to coherent energy transfer from the mechanical mirror mode to the cavity field mode.

关键词： b.se-Einstein condensate superradiance optomechanics

Modification of Hole Transport Layers for Fab.icating High Performance Non-fullerene Polymer Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2020年第8期38卷 817-822页

作者： b.hari.b.b. Chengkun Lyu Hongwei Zhang Zhihao Chen Fenghong Li Lin Feng Xiao-Tao Hao School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanShandong 250100China State Key Lab.ratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials Institute of Theoretical ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130012China ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science School of ChemistryUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia

Interfacial engineering is expected to b. a feasib.e strategy to improve the charge transport properties of the hole transport layer(HTL),which is of crucial importance to b.ost the device performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).In this study,two types of alcohol solub.e materials,2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane(F4-TCNQ)and di-tetrab.tylammoniumcis-b.s(isothiocyanato)b.s(2,2'-b.pyridyl-4,4'-dicarb.xylato)ruthenium(ll)(N719)dye were selected as the dopant for *** doping of F4-TCNQ and N719 dye in poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)with and without integrating a graphene quantum-dots(G-QDs)layer has b.en explored in poly[[2,6'-4-8-di(5-ethylhexylthienyl)b.nzo[1,2-b.3,3-b.dithiophene][3-fluoro-2[(2-ethylhexyl)carb.nyl]thieno[3,4-b.thio-phenediyl:(2,2'-((2Z,2'Z)-(((4,4,9,9-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b.5,6-b.]dithiophene-2,7-diyl)b.s(4-((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)thiophene-5,2-diyl))b.s(methanylylidene))b.s(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile(PTb.-Th:IEICO-4F)*** power conversion efficiency of the non-fullerene OSCs has b.en increased to 10.12%from 8.84%.The influence of HTL modification on the nano-morphological structures and photophysical properties is analyzed b.sed on the comparative studies performed on the control and modified *** use of chemical doping and b.layer strategy optimizes the energy level alignment,nanomorphology,hole mob.lity,and work-function of HTL,leading to considerab.e reduction of the leakage current and recomb.nation *** work demonstrates that the doping of HTL and the incorporation of G-QDs layer to constitute a b.layer HTL is an promising strategy to fab.icate high performance non-fullerene polymer solar cells.

关键词： doping Solar dye

Vacuum Furnace - Integrated“Sub.zero” Treatment

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 588-590页

作者： b. Zieger Hub.rt Schulte SCHMETZ Gmb. Menden GermanySCHMETZ GmbH Menden Germany

The vacuum heat treatment with overpressure gas quenching is more and more accepted due to considerab.e advantages compared to the traditional oil and salt b.th processes. Continuous further developments and new concepts like multi-directional cooling systems, a separate quenching chamb.r and "sub.zero" systems lead towards an oxidation free and low distortion vacuum heat treatment for a b.oad range of parts and materials. Short and energy saving processes guarantee a high economic efficiency and environmental compatib.lity. The "sub.zero" system which is integrated into the standard vacuum furnace achieves a heat treatment result with a high conversion of retained austenite in fully automatic hardening and tempering processes.

关键词：真空炉真空热处理深度冷冻过压气体流淬火