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Forest fragmentation and human population varies logarithmically along elevation gradient in Hindu Kush Himalaya-utility of geospatial tools and free data set

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第12期14卷 2432-2447页

作者： DAS Pulakesh behera Mukunda Dev MURTHY Manchiraju Sri Ramachandra Centre for Ocean River Atmosphere and Land Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

Hindu Kush Himalaya(HKH) is the largest and the most diverse mountain region in the world that provides ecosystem services to one fifth of the total world population. The forests are fragmented to different degrees due to expansion and intensification of human land use. However, the quantitative relationship between fragmentation and demography has not been established before for HKH vis-à-vis along elevation gradient. We used the globally available tree canopy cover data derived from Landsat-TM satellite to find out the decadal forest cover change over 2000 to 2010 and their corresponding fragmentation levels. Using SRTMderived DEM, we observed high forest cover loss up to2400 m that highly corroborated with the population distribution pattern as derived from satellite observation. In general, forest cover loss was found to be higher in south-eastern part of HKH. Forest fragmentation obtained using ‘area-weighted mean radius of gyration' as indicator, was found to be very high up to 2400 m that also corroborated with high human population for the year 2000 and 2010. We observed logarithmic decrease in fragmentation change(area-weighted mean radius of gyration value),forest cover loss and population growth during 2000-2010 along the elevation gradient with very high R^2 values(i.e., 0.889, 0.895, 0.944 respectively). Our finding on the pattern of forest fragmentation and human population across the elevation gradient in HKH region will have policy level implication for different nations and would help in characterizing hotspots of change. Availability of free satellite derived data products on forest cover and DEM, griddata on demography, and utility of geospatial tools helped in quick evaluation of the forest fragmentation vis-a-vis human impact pattern along the elevation gradient in HKH.

关键词： Tree canopy cover Topography Diachronic analysis Biogeography Human impact

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Application of response surface methodology(RSM) for optimization of leaching parameters for ash reduction from low-grade coal

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第4期28卷 617-625页

作者： Sushanta Kumar behera Himanshu Meena Sudipto Chakraborty B.C.Meikap Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur Department of Chemical Engineering School of Engineering Howard College University of Kwazulu-Natal (UKZN)

Coal is the world＇s most abundant energy source because of its abundance and relatively low cost. Due to the scarcity in the supply of high-grade coal, it is necessary to use low-.grade coal for fulfilling energy demands of modern civilization. However, due to ItS high ash and moisture content, low-grade coal exerts the substantial impact on their consumption like pyrolysis, liquefaction, gasification and combus- tion process. The present research aimed to develop the efficient technique for the production of clean coal by optimizing the operating parameters with the help of response surface methodology. The effect of three independent variables such as hydrofluoric acid （HF） concentration （10-20% by vo!ume ）,. temper- ature （60-100 ~C）, and time （90-180 min）, for ash reduction from the low-grade coal was Investigated.. A quadratic model was proposed to correlate the independent variables for maximum ash reduction at the optimum process condition by using central composite design （CC.D）method. The study reveals that HF concentration was the most effective parameter for ash reduction in comparison with time and temper- ature. It may be due to the higher F-statistics value for HF concentration, which effects to large extent of ash reduction. The characterization of coal was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） analysis and Field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray （FESEM- EDX） analysis for confirmation of the ash reduction.

关键词： Low-grade coal Hydrofluoric acid (HF)Leaching Ash reduction Response surface methodology

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Oxygen isotope-salinity relation in an Arctic fjord(Kongsfjorden):Implications to hydrographic variability

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第6期9卷 1937-1943页

作者： Manish Tiwari Siddhesh Nagoji Vikash Kumar Shubham Tripathi Padmasini behera National Centre for Polar&Ocean Research Vasco-da-GamaGoa 403804India

The global warming leads to a large freshwater influx into the Arctic Ocean, which has adverse implications to the sea-ice dynamics, ocean circulation, and acidification. The relationship between oxygen isotope ratio(δ^(18)O) and salinity(S) is helpful in exploring various hydrographic processes related to the freshwater influx and is also required to accurately determine past salinity variability using oxygen isotope ratio of the carbonates. In view of this, systematic measurements of δ^(18)O and salinity of water from an Arctic fjord(Kongsfjorden) were carried out during the summer season of 2013. Until now, the relationships between δ^(18)O and salinity from such fjords were based on a limited number of samples collected during a very short span of time and thus may not accurately represent the long-term conditions prevailing in the fjord. The present study determines a more representative δ^(18)O-salinity relationship as water samples from different depths and location over a long period were systematically collected. The water samples were collected from four different locations at different depths along the axis of the fjord representing the inner and outer fjords. The inner stations(1-8 and 1-6) exhibit lowerδ^(18)O values than the outer stations(1-1 and 1-3), which indicate the higher influence of freshwater from glacial melting in the inner stations. The δ^(18)O-salinity relationship from the inner and outer fjords yield a slope of 0.54(r^2 = 0.67, n = 56) and 0.39(r^2 = 0.66, n = 68), respectively. The δ^(18)O of freshwater influx in the fjord is estimated at-18.4‰, which is close to the widely accepted freshwater-δ^(18)O value of the Arctic basin. The δ^(18)O of glacial discharge, which is the largest source of freshwater influx to the fjord, is estimated at ca.-21.0‰, which will be useful for future freshwater budget calculations.

关键词： Arctic Fjord Oxygen isotopes Salinity Freshwater Melting

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Investigation on structural, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of samarium-substituted BiFeO_(3)–PbTiO_(3) composites

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2017年第1期7卷 6-11页

作者： Truptimayee Sahu Banarji behera Material Research Laboratory School of PhysicsSambalpur University Jyoti Vihar BurlaSambalpur 768019OdishaIndia

The polycrystalline samples of 0.8BiSm_(x)Fe_(1-x)O_(3)–0.2PbTiO_(3)(x=0.05;0.10;0.15 and 0.20)were prepared by using the conventional solid-state reaction technique and sintered at high temperature(850℃).X-ray diffraction(XRD)confirms the distorted rhombohedral crystal structure for all the composites at room *** surface morphology was checked by field-emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM)technique and homogeneous mixing of the components was confirmed by energydispersive analysis of X-ray(EDAX).The detailed study of dielectric properties of the composites reveals an increasing nature of dielectric constant(ε_(r))and loss tangent(tanδ)with the increase of temperature due to thermal *** Arrhenius plots of temperature dependence of AC conductivity yield the activation energy within the material at high-temperature *** ferroelectric study shows that the remnant polarization decreases with the increase of Samarium(Sm)concentration.

关键词： X-ray diffraction composite materials dielectric materials ferroelectricity

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Humeral shaft fracture with ipsilateral shoulder dislocation

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2014年第1期17卷 57-59页

作者： Prateek behera Vishal Kumar SameerAggarwal Department of Orthopedics Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh 160012 India

Although fracture of the humeral shaft or dislocation of the shoulder joint is a common injury, a simutaneous injury is rare. We present such a case com- bined with head injury which took precedence over the skel- etal injuries. The postoperative rehabilitation was slowed down by the head injury. This case report makes us aware of some problems when managing the patient with this rareinjury and helps us understand the management options better. Also the need for proper follow-up and rehabilitation is emphasized.

关键词： Humerus Fractures, bone Shoulder dis-location

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On Inverse Limits and Direct Limits for Fuzzy Topological Spaces

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模糊系统与数学 2010年第1期24卷 45-50页

作者： A.behera J.K.Sahu Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology Department of Mathematics G.M.College

Li has introduced the concepts of inverse system and direct system for fuzzy topological spaces and studied inverse limits and direct limits on such spaces by presenting the explicit constructions of these *** this paper some important concepts of fuzzy topology,such as,product fuzzy topology,quotient fuzzy topology,fuzzy continuity etc.,are used for further study of inverse limits and direct limits for fuzzy topological spaces.

关键词：模糊拓扑逆向极限方向极限代数

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Oblique Wave Trapping by a Surface-Piercing Flexible Porous Barrier in the Presence of Step-Type Bottoms

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2019年第4期18卷 433-443页

作者： H.behera S.Ghosh SRM Research Institute SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathurTamil NaduIndia Department of Mathematics SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathurTamil NaduIndia NLPCU Faculty of SciencesUniversitélibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium

The present study deals with the oblique wave trapping by a surface-piercing flexible porous barrier near a rigid wall in the presence of step-type bottoms under the assumptions of small amplitude water waves and the structural response theory in finite water *** modified mild-slope equation along with suitable jump conditions and the least squares approximation method are used to handle the mathematical boundary value *** types of edge conditions,i.e.,clamped-moored,clamped-free,moored-free,and moored-moored,are considered to keep the barrier at a desired position of *** role of the flexible porous barrier is studied by analyzing the reflection coefficient,surface elevation,and wave forces on the barrier and the rigid *** effects of step-type bottoms,incidence angle,barrier length,structural rigidity,porosity,and mooring angle are *** study reveals that in the presence of a step bottom,full reflection can be found periodically with an increase in(i)wave number and(ii)distance between the barrier and the rigid ***,nearly zero reflection can be found with a suitable combination of wave and structural parameters,which is desirable for creating a calm region near a rigid wall in the presence of a step bottom.

关键词： Oblique incident wave Wave trapping Surface-piercing Flexible porous barrier Mild-slope approximation Least squares approximation

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Maturity status classification of papaya fruits based on machine learning and transfer learning approach

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2021年第2期8卷 244-250页

作者： Santi Kumari behera Amiya Kumar Rath Prabira Kumar Sethy Department of Computer Science and Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of TechnologyOdisha 768017India Department of Electronics Sambalpur UniversityOdisha 76819India

Papaya(Carica papaya)is a tropical fruit having commercial importance because of its high nutritive and medicinal *** packaging of papaya fruit as per its maturity status is an essential task in the fruit *** manual grading of papaya fruit based on human visual perception is time-consuming and *** objective of this paper is to suggest a novel non-destructive maturity status classification of papaya *** paper suggested two approaches based on machine learning and transfer learning for classification of papaya maturity ***,a comparative analysis is carried out with different methods of machine learning and transfer *** experimentation is carried out with 300 papaya fruit sample images which includes 100 of each three maturity *** machine learning approach includes three sets of features and three classifiers with their different kernel *** features and classifiers used in machine learning approaches are local binary pattern(LBP),histogram of oriented gradients(HOG),Gray Level Cooccurrence Matrix(GLCM)and k-nearest neighbour(KNN),support vector machine(SVM),Naı¨ve Bayes *** transfer learning approach includes seven pretrained models such as ResNet101,ResNet50,ResNet18,VGG19,VGG16,GoogleNet and *** weighted KNN with HOG feature outperforms other machine learningbased classification model with 100%of accuracy and 0.0995 s training ***,among the transfer learning approach based classification model VGG19 performs better with 100%accuracy and 1 min 52 s training time with consideration of early stop *** proposed classification method for maturity classification of papaya fruits,***19 based on transfer learning approach achieved 100%accuracy which is 6%more than the existing method.

关键词： Papaya fruits Machine learning Transfer learning Maturity status Classification

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Distinctive Precursory Air–Sea Signals between Regular and Super El Ni os

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第8期33卷 996-1004页

作者： Lin CHEN Tim LI Swadhin K.behera Takeshi DOI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Changeand Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and Technology International Pacific Research Center School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology University of Hawaii Application Laboratory Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Statistically different precursory air–sea signals between a super and a regular El Ni no group are investigated, using observed SST and rainfall data, and oceanic and atmospheric reanalysis data. The El Ni no events during 1958–2008 are first separated into two groups： a super El Ni no group（S-group） and a regular El Ni no group（R-group）. Composite analysis shows that a significantly larger SST anomaly（SSTA） tendency appears in S-group than in R-group during the onset phase[April–May（0）], when the positive SSTA is very small. A mixed-layer heat budget analysis indicates that the tendency difference arises primarily from the difference in zonal advective feedback and the associated zonal current anomaly（u）.This is attributed to the difference in the thermocline depth anomaly（D） over the off-equatorial western Pacific prior to the onset phase, as revealed by three ocean assimilation products. Such a difference in D is caused by the difference in the wind stress curl anomaly in situ, which is mainly regulated by the anomalous SST and precipitation over the Maritime Continent and equatorial Pacific.

关键词： super El Ni no precursory air–sea signals thermocline depth anomaly ENSO

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Surface functionalization of BiFeO3： A pathway for the enhancement of dielectric and electrical properties of poly（methyl methacrylate）-BiFe03 composite films

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2017年第1期11卷 82-91页

作者： Mukesh Kumar MISHRA Srikanta MOHARANA Banarji behera Ram Naresh MAHALING Laboratory of Polymeric and Materials Chemistry School of Chemistry Sambalpur University Odisha India Materials Research Laboratory School of Physics Sambalpur University Odisha India

A novel two-phase composite film is prepared by the solvent casting method employing poly（methyl methacrylate）（PMMA） as polymer matrix and bismuth ferrite （BFO） as ceramic filler. The surfaces of BFO are functionalized by proper hydroxylating agents to activate their chemical nature. The structural analysis of the composite films confirms that the composites made up of functionalized BFO （BFO-OH） have a distorted rhombohedral structure. The morphological analysis shows that BFO- OH particles are equally distributed over the polymer matrix. The -OH functionality of BFO-OH is confirmed by FTIR. The dielectric and electrical studies at a frequency range from 100 Hz to I MHz reveal that PMMA-（BFO-OH） composites have enhanced dielectric constant as well as electrical conductivities, much higher than that of unmodified composites. According to the ferroelectric measurement result, the hydroxylated composite film shows a superior ferroelectric behavior than that of the unmodified one, with a remanent polarization （2Pr） of 2.764μC/cm2,

关键词： functionalized bismuth ferrite composites AC electrical conductivity dielectric properties

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