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Taste masking of ciprofloxacin by ion-exchange resin and sustain release at gastric-intestinal through interpenetrating polymer network

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第4期10卷 331-340页

作者： A.Michael Rajesh Shreya A.bhatt Harshad Brahmbhatt Pritpal Singh Anand kiritkumar Mangaldas Popat Reverse Osmosis Membrane Division Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research InstituteCouncil of Scientific&Industrial Research(CSIR)G.B.MargBhavnagar 364002India Analytical Discipline&Centralized Instrumentation Facility Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research InstituteCouncil of Scientific&Industrial Research(CSIR)G.B.MargBhavnagar 364002India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research InstituteCouncil of Scientific&Industrial Research(CSIR)G.B.MargBhavnagar 364002India

The aim of the study was to taste mask ciprofloxacin(CP)by using ion-exchange resins(IERs)followed by sustain release of CP by forming interpenetrating polymer network(IPN).IERs based on the copolymerization of acrylic acid with different cross linking agents were ***-resin complexes(DRCs)with three different ratios of drug to IERs(1:1,1:2,1:4)were prepared&evaluated for taste masking by following in vivo and in vitro *** volunteers graded ADC 1:4,acrylic acid-divinyl benzene(ADC-3)resin as *** studies such as FTIR,SEM,DSC,P-XRD differentiated ADC 1:4,from physical mixture(PM 1:4)and confirmed the formation of *** vitro drug release of ADC 1:4 showed complete release of CP within 60 min at simulated gastric fluid(SGF)*** *** beads were prepared with ADC 1:4 by using sodium alginate(AL)and sodium alginate-chitosan(AL-CS)for sustain release of CP at SGF pH and followed by simulated intestinal fluid(SIF *** 7.4).FTIR spectra confirmed the formation of IPN *** release of CP was sustain at SGF pH(75%).The kinetic model of IPN beads showed the release of CP was non-Fickian diffusion type.

关键词： Ion exchange resins Biopolymers In vitro&in vivo taste masking Ciprofloxacin Sustain release Release mechanism and kinetics

Optimization of Threshold Ranges for Rapid Flood Inundation Mapping by Evaluating Backscatter Profiles of High Incidence Angle SAR Images

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2012年第2期3卷 113-122页

作者： Panchagnula Manjusree L.Prasanna kumar Chandra Mohan bhatt Goru Srinivasa Rao Veerubhotla Bhanumurthy Disaster Management Support Group Remote Sensing Applications AreaNational Remote Sensing CentreIndian Space Research Organization(ISRO)BalanagarHyderabad 500625India

Rapid satellite-based flood inundation mapping and delivery of flood inundation maps during a flood event can provide crucial information for planners and decision makers to prioritize relief and rescue operations. The present study is undertaken to optimize the threshold ranges for the classification of flood water in Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) images(of 20° to 49° incidence angles) for quick flood inundation mapping and response during flood disasters. This is done through assessing the signature of flood water in Horizontal transmit and Horizontal received(HH), Horizontal transmit and Vertical received(HV), Vertical transmit and Horizontal received(VH), and Vertical transmit and Vertical received(VV) polarization radar data. The mean backscattering signature profiles of various water bodies were analyzed to discriminate flood water from other water bodies. The study shows that there is better demarcation of land-water surface in HH polarization. VV polarization has the potential to identify partially submerged features, which can be useful in flood damage assessments. The backscatter of flood water in HV and VH is the same and both HV and VH polarizations are adequate for the mapping of flood water. At near range to far range,-8 to-12 d B,-15 to-24 d B, and-6 to-15 d B can be used as optimum ranges for the classification of flood water in HH, HV, and VV polarizations. These optimum threshold ranges can be applied to the automation of flood mapping using SAR images in near-real time, where much time was often spent on finding the thresholds in order to produce flood inundation maps in a short time from the onset of flood disasters and deliver such maps to the concerned agencies.

关键词： flood polarization signature

Environmental Impact Assessment System and Process in Developing Countries

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第12期13卷 977-1009页

作者： Ramesh Prasad bhatt School of Science and Engineering Atlantic International University Honolulu USA

Environmental impact assessment (EIA), a decision-making process for project appraisal and sustainability adopted globally as an administrative process to identify, predict, evaluate, and monitor projects from their feasibility, preconstruction, construction, and operation stages to mitigate the adverse impacts and enhance the beneficial impacts for the protection of the affected environment, The study objective is to explore global EIA systems and processes and find shortcomings and implications for making the best instrument or tool to protect the natural environment from man-made activities over the project cycle. For this, the relevant literature on the EIA system and process was reviewed and evaluated through the application of quantitative and qualitative approaches, including the assessment of legal instruments and the adoption of EIA methodologies in developing countries. EIA, initiated in the 1970s in the US and Australia, expanded to developing countries and was amended in East and Southeast Asia from the 1970s to the 2000s. The evaluation assessed that the South Asian countries follow UNEP and IAIA guidelines, utilizing national laws and expert consultations, with screening criteria and administrative processes based on established environmental legislation. Ad hoc, checklist, matrix, network, overlay, cost-benefit analysis, and predictive or simulation in EIA practice are used to assess the environmental impacts of development activities. Failure to recommend major projects undermines public trust and prevents mitigation measures from being implemented. Most developing countries have followed EIA to fulfill the legal requirement with shadow-off monitoring and follow-up rather than to upset, reduce, or compensate for the project impacts as per size, location, and severity of the project area. The research and guidelines outlined in the IAIA principles and process have synthesized the best EIA practices worldwide. Public participation, impact coverage, sci

关键词： EIA Process and Practice Evolution Developing Countries Legal Instruments Implications

Characterization of Agro-diversity by Seed Storage Protein Electrophoresis:Focus on Rice Germplasm from Uttarakhand Himalaya,India

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Rice science 2010年第2期17卷 122-128页

作者： Arun JUGRAN Indra D.bhatt Ranbeer S.RAWAL G.B.Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development Kosi-Katarmal

The characteristics of 48 rice varieties from Uttarakhand Himalaya, India were detected by morphological and biochemical markers. The grains of the selected rice varieties varied in their morphological （grain length, grain width and grain weight） and biochemical characters （sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE）. Based on the presence of 70, 65, 60, 57, 37-39, 22-23, 13 and 10 kDa protein bands in the 48 rice varieties, seven types of profiles were identified. An unweighted pair group average method with arithmetic mean （UPGMA） dendrogram based on cluster analysis of genetic similarity of the protein bands showed two distinct groups with 1%-78% similarity coefficients. The presence of characteristic bands in selected varieties is a useful parameter for identification of rice germplasm.

关键词： rice seed storage protein sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis genetic diversity polymorphism varietal identification

Impact of hospital volume on outcomes of percutaneous ASD/PFO closure in pediatric patients

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第4期14卷 364-372页

作者： Parth bhatt Achint Patel Varun kumar Anusha Lekshminarayanan Viranchi Patel Srilatha Alapati Zeenia Cyrus Billimoria Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center AmarilloTXUSA University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little RockARUSA Mt.Sinai St.Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center New YorkNYUSA Mercy Health CincinnatiOHUSA Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine New OrleansLAUSA University of Washington Seattle Children's Hospital4800 Sand Point Way NESeattleWA 98105USA

Background We investigated the effect of hospital volume on percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect/patent foramen ovale (ASD) among pediatric patients. Methods We identified patients undergoing percutaneous closure of ASD with device using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) procedure code 35.52 from the National Inpatient Sample, years 2002–2011. Patients with age ≤ 18 years and primary diagnosis code 745.5 for ASD were included. Hospital volume was calculated using unique identification numbers and divided into tertiles for analysis. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of procedure-related complications which were coded using specific codes released by Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Results 6162 percutaneous ASD closure procedures were analyzed. There was no mortality associated with percutaneous ASD closure. Cardiac complications (9.5%) were most common. On multivariate analysis, age increment of 3 years decreased the odds of developing complications (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.79–0.87,P < 0.001). Odds of developing complications in the 2nd (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62–0.89,P = 0.007) and 3rd tertiles (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.27–0.42,P < 0.001) were lower as compared to the 1st tertile of hospital volume. Conclusion Increasing annual hospital volume is an independent predictor of lower complication rates in percutaneous ASD closure cases with no associated mortality in pediatric patients.

关键词： Atrial septal defect Cardiac catheterization Children

Genotype × environmental interactions for analyzing adaptability and stability in different clones of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第1期23卷 65-74页

作者： A.kumar A.bhatt S.Ravichandran V.kumar S.Dobhal Division of Genetics and Tree Propagation Forest Research InstituteDehradun 248195India Directorate of Rice Research HyderabadAndhra Pradesh 528133India State Forest Department HoshiarpurPunjab 146001India

In total 36 superior clones of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb., screened from 300 selections conducted in natural and growing range of India and Nepal, were multiplied using single nodal cuttings and estab- lished to evaluate genotypexenvironmental interactions for adaptability and stability at the age of 30 months in three geographical locations in the state of Punjab, India. Clone 124 had maximum adaptability and stability （bi = 1.04） to perform exceedingly well over the locations. Clones 36 and 1 were stable with mean regression coefficient of 0.84 and 1.22, respectively. Nonetheless, clone 4 1 performed exceedingly well for all the characters to attain maximum population mean, and the perform- ance varied substantially across the locations. Therefore, clone 41 was considered as productive but non-adaptive clone. Though some of the clones were sensitive to sites, 14 clones for height, 16 for collar diameter, 12 for DBH and 7 for volume were relatively un-sensitive with higher regression coefficient. Nonetheless, clone 124 was the most Stable with average bi value of 1.04 and productive, which could play an important role in future breeding and commercial deployment of stable and produc- tive planting stock of Dalbergia sissoo.

关键词： Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. GxE interactions stability parame-ters adaptability superior genotypes

Long-term outcomes after catheter-based renal artery denervation for resistant hypertension:final follow-up of the randomised SYMPLICITY HTN-3 Trial

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四川生理科学杂志 2022年第9期44卷 1686-1686页

作者： Deepak L bhatt Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart and Vascular Center and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Piedmont Heart Institute Atlanta GA. USA New York Presbyterian Hospital Columbia University Medical Center and Cardiovascular Research Foundation New York NY USA Prairie Heart Institute Springfield IL USA Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Miami Cardiac Vascular Institute Miami FL USA University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA Medtronic Santa Rosa CA USA University of Chicago Medicine Chicago IL USA

Background:The SYMPLICITY HTN-3(Renal Denervation in Patients With Uncontrolled Hypertension)trial showed the safety but not efficacy of the Symplicity system(Medtronic,Santa Rosa,CA,USA)at 6 months follow-up in patients with treatment-resistant *** final report presents the 36-month follow-up ***:SYMPLICITY HTN-3 was a single-blind,multicentre,sham-controlled,randomised clinical trial,done in 88 centres in the *** aged 18-80 years,with treatment-resistant hypertension on stable,maximally tolerated doses of three or more drugs including a diuretic,who had a seated office systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg or more and 24 h ambulatory systolic blood pressure of 135 mm Hg or more were randomly assigned(2:1)to receive renal artery denervation using the single electrode(Flex)catheter or a sham control.

关键词： hypertension drugs treatment

Controls on Gosaikunda Lake Chemistry within Langtang National Park in High Himalaya, Nepal

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第10期5卷 1100-1115页

作者： Maya P. bhatt Seema bhatt Birgit Gaye Institute for the Biogeochemistry and Marine Chemistry Klima Campus—University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany School of Environmental Science and Management Pokhara University Kathmandu Nepal

Surface water samples and lake bed sediments were collected and analyzed from Gosaikunda Lake within Langtang National Park (28°05'N, 85°25'E;4380 m a.s.l.) in the central Himalayan region of Nepal during fall 2011. The major cations and anions in equivalents were present in the following order: ?and , respectively. Sulfide oxidation coupled with carbonate dissolution and aluminosilicate dissolution appeared to be the dominant geochemical processes determining lake water dissolved ions. Sulfate concentration was much higher than the alkalinity which is in contrast to glacier meltwater within the same landscape. Alkalinity primarily as bicarbonate contributes 88.6% to the total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) followed by carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbonate (CO3) in surface water samples. Organic carbon contributes 0.3% to 5.4% to the sediments and the organic matter is predominantly of aquatic origin. The lake is under saturated with carbon dioxide and the average partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) appeared quite low (43.4 μatm). Overall, natural biogeochemical processes regulate the chemical species within the lake ecosystem. The lake is oligotrophic, however, nutrients and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations are enhanced at the near shore sites close to the tracking trail.

关键词： Gosaikunda High Himalaya Langtang Geochemical Processes Nutrients

The effect of mate removal on dawn singing behaviour in male pied bush chats

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Current Zoology 2011年第1期57卷 72-76页

作者： Vinaya kumar SETHI Dinesh bhatt Amit kUMAR Avian Diversity and Bioacoustics Lab Department of Zoology and Environmental Science Gurukul Kangri University Haridwar249 404 Uttarakhand India

To determine the influence of pairing status on dawn singing behaviour in pied bush chats Saxicola caprata, we conducted mate removal experiments across eight territories. The experiment was divided into three stages： pre-removal （pairs were present on their respective territories）, removal （females were experimentally removed）, and returned （females were released into the focal pairs＇ territories）. Dawn bout length, song rate, song complexity, percentage performance time, song perch height, and distance of singing location to territory boundary were measured for each male during each experimental stage. We did not find an effect of mate removal on any dawn song characteristics of male pied bush chats suggesting that the presence or absence of a mate does not influence male dawn singing behaviour. Our findings further suggest that males use dawn chorus to mediate social relationships with neighbouring males to proclaim an established territory

关键词： Dawn chorus Mate removal Pied Bush Chat Saxicola caprata