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Black phosphorus nanoflakes as morphology modifier for efficient fullerene-free organic solar cells with high fill-factor and better morphological stability

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Nano Research 2019年第4期12卷 777-783页

作者： Weitao Yang Long Ye Fenfa Yao Chuanhong Jin harald ade Hongzheng Chen State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization& Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Department of Physics Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratory (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Morphology of the donor:acceptor blend plays a critical role in the photovoltaic performance of the organic solar cells (OSCs).Herein,liquid-phase-exfoliated black phosphorus nanoflakes (BPNFs),for their outstanding electronic property and good compatibility to solution process,were applied to fullerene-free OSCs as morphology *** by X-ray scattering measurements,the PTB7-Th:IEICO-4F blends incorporated with BPNFs exhibit more ordered π-π stacking and promoted domain purity,contributing to lower charge transport resistance and suppressed charge recombination within the bulk heterojunction (BHJ).As a result,a high fill factor (FF) of 0.73 and a best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.2% were obtained for fullerene-free OSCs based on PTB7-Th:IEICO-4F blends incorporating with BPNFs,which is among the highest FF of the as-cast fullerene-free OSCs with PCE over 12%.More importantly,the embedded BPNFs help to improve the morphological stability of the devices probably by retarding the phase mixing in the BHJ during the aging ***,analogous enhancements were observed in another fullerene-free OSCs based on PBDB-T:*** a word,this work provides a new strategy of using two-dimentional nanoflakes as facile and universal morphology modifier for efficient fullerene-free OSCs.

关键词： fullerene-free organic solar cells black phosphorus nanoflakes morphology tuning device stability

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The impact of fluorination on both donor polymer and non-fullerene acceptor:The more fluorine,the merrier

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Nano Research 2019年第9期12卷 2400-2405页

作者： Nicole Bauer Qianqian Zhang Jeromy James Rech Shuixing Dai Zhengxing Peng harald ade Jiayu Wang Xiaowei Zhan Wei You Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina 27599USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringKey Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics and ORaCEL North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina 27695USA

Fluorination of the donor polymer or non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) in an organic photovoltaic device is an effective method to improve device *** there have been many studies on donor polymer fluorination,blends containing both a fluorinated donor and fluorinated NFA have rarely been *** this study,we use two donor polymers (4'-FT-HTAZ and 4'-FT-FTAZ) and two NFAs (ITIC-Th and ITIC-Th1) with different amounts of fluorine (from 2F to 6F) to investigate how the degree of fluorination in a blend impacts device *** find that fluorinating the NFA leads to a higher short-circuit current density (Jsc) and fill factor (FF),however,the open-circuit voltage (Voc) is decreased due to a depressed lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) *** additional fluorine to the donor polymer does not have a large effect on the Jsc or FF,but it does lead to an improved *** fluorinating the NFA and having more fluorine on the donor polymer,we obtain both a high Jsc and Voc simultaneously,leading to a power conversion efficiency over 10% in the case of 4'-FT-FTAZ:ITIC-Th1,which has the most amount of fluorine (6F).

关键词： organic solar cells non-fullerene acceptors fluorination bulk heterojunction

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Environmentally-friendly solvent processed fullerenefree organic solar cells enabled by screening halogenfree solvent additives

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Science China Materials 2017年第8期60卷 697-706页

作者：赵文超叶龙李荪荪刘晓宇张少青张赟 Masoud Ghasemi 何畅 harald ade 侯剑辉 State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center forExcellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Lab (ORa CEL) North Carolina State University

Though the power conversion efficiencies（PCEs） of organic solar cells（OSCs） have been boosted to 12%,the use of highly pollutive halogenated solvents as the processing solvent significantly hinders the mass production of OSCs. It is thus necessary to achieve high-efficiency OSCs by utilizing the halogen-free and environmentally-friendly solvents. Herein, we applied a halogen-free solvent system（oxylene/1-phenylnaphthalene, XY/PN） for fabricating fullerene-free OSCs, and a high PCE of 11.6% with a notable fill factor（FF） of 72% was achieved based on the PBDB-T：IT-M blend, which is among the top efficiencies of halogen-free solvent processed OSCs. In addition, the influence of different halogen-free solvent additives on the blend morphology and device performance metrics was studied by synchrotron-based tools and other complementary methods. Morphological results indicate the highly ordered molecular packing and highest average domain purity obtained in the blend films prepared by using XY/PN co-solvent are favorable for achieving increased FFs and thus higher PCEs in the ***, a lower interaction parameter（χ） of the IT-M：PN pair provides a good explanation for the more favorable morphology and performance in devices with PN as the solvent additive, relative to those with diphenyl ether and Nmethylpyrrolidone. Our study demonstrates that carefully screening the non-halogenated solvent additive plays a vital role in realizing the efficient and environmentally-friendly solvent processed OSCs.

关键词： organic solar cells halogen-free solvent morphology high-efficiency

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Assessing the impact of booster vaccination on diphtheria transmission:Mathematical modeling and risk zone mapping

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 245-262页

作者： Ilham Saiful Fauzi Nuning Nuraini ade Maya Sari Imaniah Bazlina Wardani Delsi Taurustiati Purnama Magdalena Simanullang Bony Wiem Lestari Department of Accounting Politeknik Negeri MalangMalangIndonesia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitut Teknologi BandungBandungIndonesia Center for Mathematical Modeling and Simulation Institut Teknologi BandungBandungIndonesia Study Program of Biology Education Faculty of Education and Teacher TrainingUIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq JemberJemberIndonesia West Java Provincial Health Office West JavaIndonesia Department of Public Health Faculty of MedicineUniversitas PadjadjaranBandungIndonesia Department of Internal Medicine Radboud Institute for Health SciencesRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenthe Netherlands

The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruptions in the healthcare system,affecting vaccinations and the management of diphtheria *** a consequence of these disruptions,numerous countries have experienced a resurgence or an increase in diphtheria *** Java province in Indonesia is identified as one of the high-risk areas for diphtheria,experiencing an upward trend in cases from 2021 to *** analyze the situation,we developed an SIR model,which integrated DPT and booster vaccinations to determine the basic reproduction number,an essential parameter for infectious *** spatial analysis of geo-referenced data,we identified hotspots and explained diffusion in diphtheria case *** calculation of R0 resulted in an R0=1.17,indicating the potential for a diphtheria outbreak in West *** control the increasing cases,one possible approach is to raise the booster vaccination coverage from the current 64.84%to 75.15%,as suggested by simulation ***,the spatial analysis revealed that hot spot clusters were present in the western,central,and southern regions,posing a high risk not only in densely populated areas but also in rural *** diffusion pattern of diphtheria clusters displayed an expansion-contagious *** the rising trend of diphtheria cases and their geographic distribution can offer crucial insights for government and health authorities to manage the number of diphtheria cases and make informed decisions regarding the best prevention and intervention strategies.

关键词： Diphtheria Vaccination Mathematical modeling SIR model Hot spot analysis

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Characteristics of Biopellets Manufactured from Various Lignocellulosic Feedstocks as Alternative Renewable Energy Sources

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第6期12卷 1103-1123页

作者： Anggara Ridho Putra Apri Heri Iswanto Arif Nuryawan Saptadi Darmawan ElvaraWindra Madyaratri Widya Fatriasari Lee Seng Hua Petar Antov Harisyah Manurung ade Pera Amydha Sudrajat Herawati Pendi Department of Forest Products Faculty of ForestryUniversitas Sumatera Utara.Kampus USU Padang BulanMedan20155Indonesia Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jl Raya Bogor KM 46 CibinongBogor16911Indonesia Department of Wood Industry Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Cawangan Pahang Kampus JengkaShah Alam26400Malaysia Faculty of Forest Industry University of ForestrySofia1797Bulgaria

The increased valorization of renewable and cost-effective lignocellulosic feedstocks represents a viable,sustainable,and eco-friendly approach toward the production of biopellets as alternative energy *** aim of this research work was to investigate and evaluate the feasibility of using various lignocellulosic raw materials,i.e.,raru(Cotylelobium melanoxylon),mangrove(Rhizophora spp.),sengon(Paraserianthes falcataria),kemenyan toba(Styrax sumatrana),oil palm(Elaeis guineensis),manau rattan(Calamus manan),and belangke bamboo(Gigantochloa pruriens)for manufacturing biopellets with different particle *** raw materials used were tested for their moisture content,specific gravity,ash,cellulose,and lignin *** addition,thermal analyses,i.e.,calorific values,thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),were *** following properties of the biopellets produced were investigated:moisture content,volatile matter,ash content,fixed carbon,density,and thermal *** on an analysis of the raw materials,raru had the lowest moisture content(12%)and ash content(1.5%)and the highest specific gravity(1.2).Markedly,palm oil stem had the highestα-cellulose(55%)and lignin(37%)*** accordance with the SNI 8675:2018 standard requirements,biopellets with optimal properties(moisture content of 1.4%,ash content of 0.79%,density of 1.09 g/m^(3),calorific value of 4672 cal/g,and TGA residue of 13.9%),were manufactured from raru wood.

关键词： Biomass biopellet renewable energy particle size

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东方祥瑞话“龙”年

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环球飞行 2024年第2期 58-63页

作者： ade 不详

共赏新月之辉,同庆新岁之始。2024年是农历甲辰龙年,自年初起,大街小巷便洋溢着龙年的氛围寄寓着人们对新一年的美好期盼。龙,这一传说中的神圣生物,承载着人们对于风调雨顺的祈愿。作为十二生肖中唯一一种现实中不存在的动物,龙却是最... 详细信息

共赏新月之辉,同庆新岁之始。2024年是农历甲辰龙年,自年初起,大街小巷便洋溢着龙年的氛围寄寓着人们对新一年的美好期盼。龙,这一传说中的神圣生物,承载着人们对于风调雨顺的祈愿。作为十二生肖中唯一一种现实中不存在的动物,龙却是最受崇拜的神兽之一,被视为古代中国皇权的象征。《尔雅·翼·释龙》记载了龙的外形特征:“角似鹿、头似驼、眼似兔、颈似屋、麟似鱼、爪似鹰、掌似虎、耳似牛。”古代人认为龙是由八种动物的特点结合形成的物种,所以龙又被称为“鳞虫之长”。

关键词：外形特征十二生肖鳞虫

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形貌调控可使高效非富勒烯太阳能电池的厚度不敏感研究

形貌调控可使高效非富勒烯太阳能电池的厚度不敏感研究

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第十五届全国光化学学术讨论会

作者：刘晓宇叶龙赵文超张少青李荪荪 Gregory M.Su 王程 harald ade 侯剑辉北京科技大学化学生物共工程学院中国科学院高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室北卡罗来纳州立大学物理系美国加州大学伯克利分校劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室

非富勒烯聚合物因具有良好的稳定性和节约材料等特点,使得其极有潜力来实现大面积工业化生产。相比于基于富勒烯的器件而言,非富勒烯聚合物太阳能电池已经展现了超过12%的优越的光伏性能并且有良好的热稳定性。现在,阻碍工业化生产的的... 详细信息

非富勒烯聚合物因具有良好的稳定性和节约材料等特点,使得其极有潜力来实现大面积工业化生产。相比于基于富勒烯的器件而言,非富勒烯聚合物太阳能电池已经展现了超过12%的优越的光伏性能并且有良好的热稳定性。现在,阻碍工业化生产的的一个重要原因是电池的能量转化效率易受膜厚变化的影响,这也会严重影响卷对卷加工的制造产率和生产成本。特别是,当活性层厚度超过100nm时,高效非富勒烯聚合物太阳能电池的能量转化效率和填充因子显示出显著的损失。为了尽早实现高产量,目前急需寻求一种加工方法来制备高效厚膜非富勒烯聚合物太阳能电池。在厚膜非富勒烯器件中控制形貌和性能膜厚敏感度是一种挑战。在这里,我们提出了一种简单的形貌优化方法,通过热退火来制备高效膜厚不敏感的非富勒烯太阳能电池。经过这种处理之后,基于PBDB-T/IT-M的非富勒烯聚合物太阳能电池在活性层的厚度为250nm时能展现出高达9.4%的能量转化效率。除此之外,器件在活性层厚度为250nm时依然能够保持近乎9%的能量转化效率。从软硬X射线衍射中的得到的光伏性能和形貌参数可以清楚地表明热退火对于提高非富勒烯聚合物太阳能电池的耐膜厚性能有着重要的作用。

关键词：非富勒烯聚合物太阳能电池厚膜热退火

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Digital earth applications in the twenty-first century

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第7期7卷 511-515页

作者： Rolf ade By Yola Georgiadou Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITC) University of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands

In these early years of the twenty-first century,we must look at how the truly cross-cutting information technology supports other innovations,and how it will funda-mentally change the information positions of government,private sector and the scientific domain as well as the *** those positions,location will be a prominent linking *** classical top-down system architectures of information exchange will be diluted by peer-to-peer and bottom-up channels,forcing us to rethink their *** should not only focus on better architectures,but need to attend to a different economy of information exchange,in which the‘client’is not only the information sink,but has become an important source as *** laws of this rising‘infoconomy’have yet to be settled *** special issue on‘Digital Earth Applications:Technological design and organizational strategies’brings together a number of papers that shed light on this future information ecosystem in which location-specific information will be exchanged between *** introduction presents a framework that combines geoinformation streams and organisations brokering between government,science,private sector and *** novel framework helps us improve the appreciation of those papers.

关键词： geoinformation governance information architecture digital earth

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Approximate analytical solution of the Dirac equation with q-deformed hyperbolic Poschl–Teller potential and trigonometric Scarf II non-central potential

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第3期24卷 48-54页

作者： ade Kurniawan A.Suparmi C.Cari Physics Department Sebelas Maret University

An approximate solution of the Dirac equation for a spin-1/2 particle under the influence of q-deformed hyperbolic P ¨oschl–Teller potential combined with trigonometric Scarf II non-central potential is studied analytically. It is assumed that the scalar potential equals the vector potential in order to obtain analytical solutions. Both radial and angular parts of the Dirac equation are solved using the Nikiforov–Uvarov method. A relativistic energy spectrum and the relation between quantum numbers can be obtained using this method. Several quantum wave functions corresponding to several states are also presented in terms of the Jacobi Polynomials.

关键词： Dirac equation q-deformed hyperbolic function Poschl–Teller potential trigonometric Scarf II potential

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Effects of reduction on the catalytic performance of limonite ore

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第5期27卷 1489-1495页

作者： Keisuke Abe ade Kurniawan Takahiro Nomura Tomohiro Akiyama Graduate school of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan Center for Advanced Research of Energy and Materials Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan

The catalytic performance of Ni-containing limonite ore in the dry reforming reaction of methane （CH_4＋CO_2→2H_2＋2CO） was determined before and after hydrogen reduction, and under a flow of hydrogen. After hydrogen reduction, the limonite ore exhibited higher catalytic performance, because of the formation of Fe-Ni. However, the Fe in Fe-Ni was readily oxidized by the input CO_2 gas. resulting in a rapid decrease in the catalytic performance of limonite ore. The performance de- crease was due to a decrease in the Ni surface area; Ni could not dissolve in iron oxides and this caused segregation in the iron oxides. When the reaction was conducted under a hydrogen flow, the Fe-Ni was formed and maintained. Ni was highly dispersed in the Fe-Ni phase, resulting in greater surface area of Ni and higher conversion rate of CH_4 and CO_2. The catalytic performance of the limonite ore was inferior to the Ni/Al_2O_3 catalyst because the effect of catalyst support was small, however, the limonite ore was more stable during catalytic use and much cheaper than the Ni/Al_2O_3.

关键词： Limonite Dry reforming Fe-Ni Catalyst

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