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Abnormal Savda Syndrome:Long-Term Consequences of Emotional and Physical Stress on Endocrine and Immune Activities in An Animal Model

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第8期19卷 603-609页

作者：阿地里江.阿布力米提 harald khnel Alois Strasser 哈木拉提.吾甫 Xinjiang Medical University Department of Biomedical Sciences Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine Vienna

Objective： To investigate the relationship between emotional status, cold-dry environment and long-term immune responses to the stressors, and the potential pathological mechanisms between causative factors of abnormal Savda syndrome （ASS） and the susceptibility to disease; thus to clarify the ASS, and secondly to identify the optimal ASS animal model for further studies on traditional Uighur therapeutical formulations. Methods： Sixty mice were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups： control and 3 stress groups. The cold-dry environment was applied by keeping the mice in a climatic chamber. The emotional stress was induced by the application of the repeated electric foot-shocks in the electric foot-shock apparatus. The mice of the combined stress group underwent the repeated electric foot-shock treatment before being housed in the climatic chamber. The experimental routine was repeated for 21 days. In order to look into endocrine and immune stress responses, ELISA was used to determine the serum levels of the hormones corticotropin- releasing hormone （CRH）, adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH）, Beta-endorphin （13-END） and corticosterone （CORT）, of the cytokines interleukin 2 （IL-2）, interleukin 6 （IL-6）, interferon-gamma （INF- ~/） and tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-or）, and of the immunoglobulins immunoglobulin A （IgA）, immunoglobulin M （IgM） and immunoglobulin G （IgG）. Lymphocyte subsets were analyzed in duplicate in order to determine differences in the T cell ratio. Results： In the cold-dry environment group, the serum levels of CRH, ACTH and CORT were significantly higher than those of the control group, whereas serum 13 -END was not found significantly different. In both the repeated electric foot-shock group as well as in the combined stress group the serum levels of CRH, ACTH, 13 -END and CORT were significantly higher. Compared to the control animals, the serum concentration of INF-,y was significantly lower in all three different stress groups. The seru

关键词： abnormal Savda syndrome endocrine and immune activites traditional uighur medicine

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UNDO, An Aid for Explorative Learning?

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 1992年第3期7卷 226-236页

作者： harald E. Otto Technical University of Darmstadt D-6100 Darmstadt Germany

New users of an application system, especially computer novices, can become confused and frus- trated after experiencing the first, perhaps not recoverable error situations during the early stages of explora- tion and learning. System facilities, which let users UNDO and REDO executed commands, are suggested to be an aid for active learning and can be used as a method for systematic exploration through recovering from unknown and newly explored (perhaps wrong) system states by cancelling executed commands with UNDO. An explorative learning experiment on a commercial graphics editor with a modified user inter- face revealed reasons, why one-step recall UNDO does not guarantee successful explorative learning of a complex cognitive skill such as graphics editing on computer.

关键词： An Aid for Explorative Learning UNDO

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Regulation of the intestinal immune system by flavonoids and its utility in chronic inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第8期24卷 877-881页

作者： harald Peter Hoensch Benno Weigmann Private Practice Gastroenterology Marien hospital Department of Medicine 1 University Medical Center

Flavonoids are phytochemicals which can regulate the activity of the intestinal immune system. In patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) there is an overexpression and imbalance of the components of the inflammatory immune reactions which are chronically activated. Suppression of inflammation can be achieved by anti-inflammatory drugs which are used in clinical medicine but these can cause serious side effects. Flavonoids can have natural immunosuppressive properties and inhibit the activation of immune cells and its effectors(chemokines, TNF-, cytokines). Phytochemicals such as flavonoids bind to the nuclear Ah(aryl hydrocarbon)-receptor thereby stimulating protective enzyme activities. As shown by clinical evidence in patients and by experimental work some flavonoids(apigenin, epigallocatechin gallate) were effective in the inhibition of inflammation. Instead of or additionally to anti-inflammatory drugs flavonoids can be used in IBD patients to treat the over-reactive immunologic system. This is accomplished by upregulation of the Ah-receptor. Flavonoids interact with toll-like receptors expressing on the surface of immune cells, then they were internalized to the cytosol and transferred into the nucleus, where they were attached to the Ah-receptor. The Ah-receptor binds to the Ah-R nuclear translocator and via Ah response element beneficial protective enzymes and cytokines are induced, leading to upregulation of the anti-inflammatory system.

关键词： Flavonoids Inflammatory bowel disease Ah-receptor

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Halton-type sequences from global function fields

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Science China Mathematics 2013年第7期56卷 1467-1476页

作者： NIED ERREITER harald YEO Anderson SiangJing Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics Austrian Academy of Sciences Department of Mathematics University of Salzburg School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University

For any prime power q and any dimension s≥1, a new construction of (t, s)-sequences in base q using global function fields is presented. The construction yields an analog of Halton sequences for global function fields. It is the first general construction of (t, s)-sequences that is not directly based on the digital method. The construction can also be put into the framework of the theory of (u, e, s)-sequences that was recently introduced by Tezuka and leads in this way to better discrepancy bounds for the constructed sequences.

关键词： low-discrepancy sequence (t s)-sequence Halton sequence global function field

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Construct and correlates of basic motor competencies in primary school-aged children

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第1期8卷 63-70页

作者： Christian Herrmann Christopher Heim harald Seelig Department of Sport Exercise and Health University of Basel Department of Psychology and Sports Sciences University of Frankfurt

Background: A central aim of physical education is the promotion of basic motor competencies(in German: Motorische Basiskompetenzen;MOBAk), which are prerequisites for children's active participation in sports culture. This article introduces the MOBAk-1 test instrument for 6-to 8-year-old children and determines the construct validity of this test instrument. In addition, the relationship between MOBAk and motor ability(i.e., strength) as well as body mass index(BMI), sex, and age is ***: We analyzed data of 923 first and second graders(422 girls, 501 boys, age = 6.80 ±0.44 years). The children's basic motor competencies were assessed by the MOBAk-1 test instrument. Besides analyses of frequency, correlation, and variance, 3 confirmatory factor analyses with covariates were ***: We found 2 MOBAk factors consisting of 4 items each. The first factor, locomotion, included the items balancing, rolling, jumping, and side stepping; the second factor, object control, included the items throwing, catching, bouncing, and dribbling. The motor ability strength had a significant influence on the factors locomotion(b = 0.60) and object control(b = 0.50). Older pupils achieved better results than younger pupils on object control(b = 0.29). Boys performed better on object control(b = -0.44), whereas girls achieved better results in locomotion(b = 0.07).Pupils with a high BMI achieved lower performance only on the factor locomotion(b =-0.28).Conclusion: The MOBAk-1 test instrument developed for this study meets psychometric validity demands and is suitable to evaluate effects of sports and physical education.

关键词： BMI Factorial validity Gross motor skills Locomotion Measurement Object control Physical education Strength

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Prospective cohort comparison of flavonoid treatment in patients with resected colorectal cancer to prevent recurrence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第14期14卷 2187-2193页

作者： harald Hoensch Bertram Groh Lutz Edler Wilhelm kirch kreiskrankenhaus Gross-Gerau Innere AbteilungWilhelm-Seipp-StrasseGross-Gerau D64521Germany Department of Clinical Pharmacology Medical FacultyTechnical University Dresden Fiedler Strasse 27 Dresden D01307 Germany German Cancer Research Center Division of BiostatisticsIm Neuenheimer Feld 280 Heidelberg D69120 Germany

AIM: To investigate biological prevention with flavonoids the recurrence risk of neoplasia was studied in patients with resected colorectal cancer and after adenoma polypectomy. METHODS: Eighty-seven patients, 36 patients with resected colon cancer and 51 patients after polypectomy, were divided into 2 groups: one group was treated with a flavonoid mixture (daily standard dose 20 mg apigenin and 20 mg epigallocathechin-gallat, n = 31) and compared with a matched control group (n = 56). Both groups were observed for 3-4 years by surveillance colonoscopy and by questionnaire. RESULTS: Of 87 patients enrolled in this study, 36 had resected colon cancer and 29 of these patients had surveillance colonoscopy. Among the flavonoid-treated patients with resected colon cancer (n = 14), there was no cancer recurrence and one adenoma developed. In contrast the cancer recurrence rate of the 15 matched untreated controls was 20% (3 of 15) and adenomas evolved in 4 of those patients (27%). The combined recurrence rate for neoplasia was 7% (1 of 14) in the treated patients and 47% (7 of 15) in the controls (P = 0.027). CONCLUSION: Sustained long-term treatment with a flavonoid mixture could reduce the recurrence rate of colon neoplasia in patients with resected colon cancer.

关键词： Flavonoids Colorectal cancer Recurrence risk Intestinal neoplasia Colon polyps

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Profit loss indicator:a novel maintenance indicator applied for integrated planning

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Advances in Manufacturing 2015年第2期3卷 139-150页

作者： harald RФdseth Terje Skarlo Per SchjФlberg Department of Production and Quality Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Technology SФr-TrФndelag University College

In production environment today, ＂silo think- ing＂ is a challenge where controlling an asset associated with several disciplines and departments can lead to a sub- optimal result. This requires a more integrated approach with an integrated planning （IPL） framework. In this framework novel maintenance key performance indicators （kPIs） are needed. The purpose of this article is to develop the novel maintenance kPI profit loss indicator （PLI）. This indicator is based on measuring both on the ＂hidden fac- tory＂ and waste in production, presenting it as a financial measure. The notion ＂hidden factory＂ is used as a meta- phor for measuring the time losses in industry through the maintenance kPI overall equipment effectiveness （OEE）. This indicator divides the time losses into availability losses, performance losses and quality losses. In addition, a financial measure for waste based on literature from Toyota production system （TPS） and waste treatment and disposal is also included in PLI. Through a case study in the saw mill industry PLI is demonstrated and evaluated. It is expected that this indicator will be demonstrated in several industry branches in the future.

关键词： Integrated planning (IPL) - Maintenanceperformance key performance indicator (kPI) Hidden factory Waste Asset management

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Natural Resources Depletion in Hill Areas of Bangladesh:A Review

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第2期9卷 147-156页

作者： Shampa BISWAS Mark E.SWANSON harald VACIk School of Environmental Sciences and Management Independent University School of the Environment PO Box 646410Washington State University Institute of Silviculture Department of Forest and Soil SciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences

Hilly or mountainous terrain occupies around 12% of the area of *** resources associated with Bangladesh's hill are forest resources,biodiversity,minerals,and agricultural *** resources have been exploited in the recent four decades due to excessive clearing of hill forest cover,resulting in loss of species richness, impacts related to increased water flow variability, increased hill slope erosion and flooding intensity, and a gradual decrease in the extent of hill area in *** review explores the major causes and effects of depletion of natural resources by linking drivers,pressures and the related impacts.A review has been conducted to structure the effects on the hilly areas and describe the responses to minimize them in the associated DPSIR *** growth has been identified as a major driver contributing to high deforestation *** may negatively effect agricultural productivity and increase the frequency of serious *** and burn cultivation also impacts the regeneration of evergreen forests,which may accelerate soil erosion. Due to this and other factors,local people are facing a deficits of natural resources(food,fodder,fuel wood and water),which exacerbates the effects of poverty. Future research should try to facilitate decision making for sustainable utilization of natural resources management in the hilly areas of Bangladesh. Additional conservation measures should be developed to increase the resilience of ecosystems at national and regional levels.

关键词： Hill environment Deforestation Land degradation Hill restoration and conservation DPSIR

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Landslide inventory and susceptibility modelling using geospatial tools,in Hunza-Nagar valley,northern Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第6期15卷 1354-1370页

作者： Alam Sher BACHA Muhammad SHAFIQUE harald van der WERFF National Centre of Excellanee in Geology University ofPeshawar Peshawar-25130 Pakistan Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation （ITC） University of Twente Ensehede 7500 AE The Netherlands

A comprehensive landslide inventory and susceptibility maps are prerequisite for developing and implementing landslide mitigation strategies. Landslide susceptibility maps for the landslides prone regions in northern Pakistan are rarely available. The Hunza-Nagar valley in northern Pakistan is known for its frequent and devastating landslides. In this paper, we have developed a landslide inventory map for Hunza-Nagar valley by using the visual interpretation of the SPOT-5 satellite imagery and mapped a total of 172 landslides. The landslide inventory was subsequently divided into modelling and validation data sets. For the development of landslide susceptibility map seven discrete landslide causative factors were correlated with the landslide inventory map using weight of evidence and frequency ratio statistical models. Four different models of conditional independence were used for the selection of landslide causative factors. The produced landslides susceptibility maps were validated by the success rate and area under curves criteria. The prediction power of the models was also validated with the prediction rate curve. The validation results shows that the success rate curves of the weight of evidence and the frequency models are 82% and 79%, respectively. The prediction accuracy results obtained from this study are 84% for weight of evidence model and 80% for the frequency ratio model. Finally, the landslide susceptibility index maps were classified into five different varying susceptibility zones. The validation and prediction result indicates that the weight of evidence and frequency ratio model are reliable to produce an accurate landslide susceptibility map, which may be helpful for landslides management strategies.

关键词： Landslides Inventory map Susceptibility assessment Northern Pakistan

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Organic photovoltaics for simultaneous energy harvesting and high-speed MIMO optical wireless communications

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第3期10卷 379-389页

作者： Iman Tavakkolnia Lethy k.Jagadamma Rui Bian Pavlos P.Manousiadis Stefan Videv Graham A.Turnbull Ifor D.W.Samuel harald Haas LiFi Research and Development Centre Department of Elearonic&Electrical EngineeringThe University of StrathclydeTechnology&Innovation Centre99 George StreetGlasgow G11RDUK Organic Semiconductor Centre SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsSt Andrews KY169SSUK pureLiFi Rosebery House9 Haymarket TerraceEdinburgh EH125EZUK

We show that organic photovoltaics(OPVs)are suitable for high-speed optical wireless data receivers that can also harvest *** addition,these OPVs are of particular interest for indoor applications,as their bandgap is larger than that of silicon,leading to better matching to the spectrum of artificial *** selecting a suitable combination of a narrow bandgap donor polymer and a nonfullerene acceptor,stable OPVs are fabricated with a power conversion efficiency of 8.8%under 1 Sun and 14%under indoor lighting *** an optical wireless communication experiment,a data rate of 363 Mb/s and a simultaneous harvested power of 10.9 mW are achieved in a 4-by-4 multipleinput multiple-output(MIMO)setup that consists of four laser diodes,each transmitting 56 mW optical power and four OPV cells on a single panel as receivers at a distance of 40 *** result is the highest reported data rate using OPVs as data receivers and energy *** finding may be relevant to future mobile communication applications because it enables enhanced wireless data communication performance while prolonging the battery life in a mobile device.

关键词： MIMO simultaneous lighting

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