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AMachine Learning Approach to User Profiling for Data Annotation of Online Behavior

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2419-2440页

作者： Moona Kanwal Najeed AKhan aftab A.Khan Computer science and Information Technology Department NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachiPakistan Computer Engineering Department Sir Syed University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachiPakistan College of Education Health and Human ServicesLongwood UniversityFarmvilleVAUSA

The user’s intent to seek online information has been an active area of research in user *** profiling considers user characteristics,behaviors,activities,and preferences to sketch user intentions,interests,and *** user characteristics can help capture implicit and explicit preferences and intentions for effective user-centric and customized content *** user’s complete online experience in seeking information is a blend of activities such as searching,verifying,and sharing it on social ***,a combination of multiple behaviors in profiling users has yet to be *** research takes a novel approach and explores user intent types based on multidimensional online behavior in information *** research explores information search,verification,and dissemination behavior and identifies diverse types of users based on their online engagement using machine *** research proposes a generic user profile template that explains the user characteristics based on the internet experience and uses it as ground truth for data *** feedback is based on online behavior and practices collected by using a survey *** participants include both males and females from different occupation sectors and different *** data collected is subject to feature engineering,and the significant features are presented to unsupervised machine learning methods to identify user intent classes or profiles and their *** techniques are evaluated,and the K-Mean clustering method successfully generates five user groups observing different user characteristics with an average silhouette of 0.36 and a distortion score of *** average is computed to identify user intent type *** user intent classes are then further generalized to create a user intent template with an Inter-Rater Reliability of 75%.This research successfully extracts different user types based on th

关键词： User intent cluster user profile online search information sharing user behavior search reasons

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A Hybrid and Lightweight Device-to-server Authentication Technique for the Internet of Things

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3805-3823页

作者： shaha Al-Otaibi Rahim Khan Hashim Ali aftab Ahmed Khan Amir saeed Jehad Ali Department of Information systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan23200Pakistan Department of Computer science and IT UET PeshawarJalozai Campus PeshawarPeshawar24240Pakistan Department of AI Convergence Network Ajou UniversitySuwon16499South Korea

The Internet of Things(IoT)is a smart networking infrastructure of physical devices,i.e.,things,that are embedded with sensors,actuators,software,and other technologies,to connect and share data with the respective server *** IoTs are cornerstones in different application domains,the device’s authenticity,i.e.,of server(s)and ordinary devices,is the most crucial issue and must be resolved on a priority ***,various field-proven methodologies were presented to streamline the verification process of the communicating devices;however,location-aware authentication has not been reported as per our knowledge,which is a crucial metric,especially in scenarios where devices are *** paper presents a lightweight and location-aware device-to-server authentication technique where the device’s membership with the nearest server is subjected to its location information along with other ***,Media Access Control(MAC)address and Advance Encryption scheme(AEs)along with a secret shared key,i.e.,λ_(i) of 128 bits,have been utilized by Trusted Authority(TA)to generate MaskIDs,which are used instead of the original ID,for every device,i.e.,server and member,and are shared in the offline ***,TA shar.s a list of authentic devices,i.e.,server s_(j) and members C_(i),with every device in the IoT for the onward verification process,which is required to be executed before the initialization of the actual communication ***,every device should be located such that it lies within the coverage area of a server,and this location information is used in the authentication process.A thorough analytical analysis was carried out to check the susceptibility of the proposed and existing authentication approaches against well-known intruder attacks,i.e.,man-in-the-middle,masquerading,device,and server impersonations,etc.,especially in the IoT ***,proposed authentication and existing state-of-the-art approaches have been s

关键词： Internet of things authenticity security location communication

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Effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization, the portal amino acid profile, and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in piglets

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2106-2121页

作者： Zexi Li Yunfei Li Yufei Zhao Guifu Wang Rujie Liu Yue Li Qamar aftab Zewei sun Qingzhen Zhong Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed science College of Animal Science and TechnologyKey Lab of Animal ProductionProduct Quality and SecurityMinistry of EducationJilin Agricultural University2888 Xincheng StreetChangchun CityJilin ProvincePeople’s Republic of China Dongfeng County sika Deer Industry Development service Center Dongfeng CountyLiaoyuan CityJilin ProvinceChina

Background Promoting the synchronization of glucose and amino acid release in the digestive tract of pigs could effectively improve dietary nitrogen *** rational allocation of dietary starch sources and the exploration of appropriate dietary glucose release kinetics may promote the dynamic balance of dietary glucose and amino acid ***,research on the effects of diets with different glucose release kinetic profiles on amino acid absorption and portal amino acid appearance in piglets is *** study aimed to investigate the effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization,the portal amino acid profile,and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in *** sixty-four barrows(15.00±1.12 kg)were randomly allotted to 4 groups and fed diets formulated with starch from corn,corn/barley,corn/sorghum,or corn/cassava combinations(diets were coded A,B,C,or D respectively).Protein retention,the concentrations of portal amino acid and glucose,and the relative expression of amino acid and glucose transporter m RNAs were *** vitro digestion was used to compare the dietary glucose release *** Four piglet diets with different glucose release kinetics were constructed by adjusting starch *** in vivo appearance dynamics of portal glucose were consistent with those of in vitro dietary glucose release *** nitrogen excretion was reduced in the piglets in group B,while apparent nitrogen digestibility and nitrogen retention increased(Pss of the time(2 h or 4 h after morning feeding),the portal total free amino acids content and contents of some individual amino acids(Thr,Glu,Gly,Ala,and Ile)of the piglets in group B were significantly higher than those in groups A,C,and D(Pster analysis showed that different glucose release kinetic patterns resulted in different portal amino acid patterns in piglets,which decreased gradually with the

关键词： Glucose release kinetics Nitrogen utilization Nutrient transporter Piglet

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M_(4)X_(3) MXenes:Application in Energy storage Devices

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 522-542页

作者： Iftikhar Hussain Waqas Ul Arifeen shahid Ali Khan sikandar aftab Muhammad sufyan Javed sajjad Hussain Muhammad Ahmad Xi Chen Jiyun Zhao PRosaiah Khaled Fahmi Fawy Adnan Younis sumanta sahoo Kaili Zhang Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon TongHong KongPeople's Republic of China school of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityDaehak-roGyeongsan-siGyeongbuk-do 38541South Korea Department of semiconductor systems Engineering and Clean Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea school of Physical science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Physics Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)ThandalamChennai 602105India Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 900461413 AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al-AinUnited Arab Emirates school of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541South Korea

MXene has garnered widespread recognition in the scientific com-munity due to its remarkable properties,including excellent thermal stability,high conductivity,good hydrophilicity and dispersibility,easy processability,tunable surface properties,and admirable *** have been categorized into different families based on the number of M and X layers in M_(n+1)X_(n),such as M_(2)X,M_(3)X_(2),M_(4)X_(3),and,recently,M_(5)X_(4).Among these families,M_(2)X and M_(3)X_(2),par-ticularly Ti_(3)C_(2),have been greatly explored while limited studies have been given to M_(5)X_(4)MXene ***,studies on the M_(4)X_(3)MXene family have developed recently,hence,demanding a compilation of evaluated ***,this review provides a systematic overview of the latest advancements in M_(4)X_(3)MXenes,focusing on their properties and applications in energy storage *** objective of this review is to provide guidance to researchers on fostering M_(4)X_(3)MXene-based nanomaterials,not only for energy storage devices but also for broader applications.

关键词： MXene M_(4)X_(3)MXenes 2D materials Energy storage Properties

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Designing Visceral, Behavioural and Reflective Products

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2017年第5期30卷 1058-1068页

作者： Mersha aftab Helen Agustin Rusli Northumbria school of Design Northumbria University

Designers and manufacturers often see con- sumption as the primary objective of a product - with implications such as discarded products, obsolete wastes, and ecological degradation. The paper aims to find the answer to the question, how emotional design can adapt the discarded and undesirable products into something valu- able in a long term？ This paper presents a framework combining Chapman＇s theory and Norman＇s theory on three levels of emotional design to highlight what long lasting connection with products entails. A design approach is presented combing the Wabi sabi philosophy that pro- motes the celebration of decay and damage. This is used as one of the design principles for the experiments conducted on discarded products. Through constant user interaction before, during and after the experiments the evaluation of design as an agent of transformation is done. The user conducted the evaluation based on the Kansei elements of looks, sound, smell, and feel of the product. The experi- ments confirmed that a long-term value is only achieved through redesigning and reconstructing the perception of people towards products on a reflective level, rather than the visceral and behavioural elements of the product. The research found attachment to the visceral and behavioural elements of a product instead of an emotional one was causing users to discard products faster than required. The research indicated that many people, including designers and manufacturers, are unconsciously focusing on usability （behavioural level） and physical look （visceral level） of a product that are easily replaced, than on a meaningful way （reflective level） to create and maintain long-lasting emo- tions. The research concluded with a proposition towards digitization of products which could perhaps be an all round solution to make products more appropriate to human emotions. Digitization could give products the ability to capture, store and then communicate the stories, journey and memories b

关键词： Research through design. Emotional design -Kansei design ~ Recycling ~ Upcycling ~ Product design

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Performance comparison of IEC 61850-90-5 and IEEE C37.118.2based wide area PMU communication networks

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2016年第3期4卷 487-495页

作者： Ikbal ALI Mohd Asim aftab s.M.suhail HUssAIN Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyJamia Millia Islamia(A Central University)Jamia NagarNew Delhi 110025India

Dynamic operation and control of power system is being increasingly done with the help of phasor measurement unit(PMU) based wide area monitoring and control system. The data communication requirements for the PMU based applications are well addressed by IEEE C37.118.2 standard. However, IEC 61850 is now becoming a leading standard for power utility automation needs. A new part of IEC 61850, IEC 61850-90-5, specifying the IEEE C37.118.1 based synchrophasors data transfer according to IEC 61850, will lead to IEC 61850-90-5 based PMU communication networks. A novel IEC 61850-90-5 compliant communication model of PMU is proposed in this paper. We also present a comparative performance analysis of the PMU communication networks supporting the new synchrophasor standard for data transfer, i.e. IEC61850-90-5, and the existing standard, i.e. IEEE C37.118.2, for end to end(ETE) delay requirements for a modified IEEE 30 bus test system.

关键词： Phasor measurement unit IEC 61850-90-5 IEEE C37.118.2 End-to-end delay

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Conservation Laws for Partially Conservative Variable Mass systems via d＇Alembert＇s Principle

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第9期25卷 3181-3184页

作者： aftab Ahmed NAsEER Ahmed QUDRAT Khan Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam University 45320 Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

Conservation laws for partially conservative variable mass dynamical systems under symmetric infinitesimal transformations are determined. A generalization of Lagrange-d ＇Alembert＇s principle for a variable mass system in terms of asynchronous virtual variation is presented. The generalized Killing equations are obtained such that their solution yields the transformations and the associated conservation laws. An example illusstrative of the theory is furnished at the end as well.

关键词： the power-law exponents precipitation durative abrupt precipitation change

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First-principles prediction of magnetically ordered half-metals above room temperature

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Journal of Materiomics 2019年第3期5卷 404-412页

作者： Muhammad Atif sattar s.aftab Ahmad Fayyaz Hussain Claudio Cazorla Department of Physics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur63100BahawalpurPakistan school of Materials science and Engineering UNSW SydneyNSW2052Australia Department of Physics Bahauddin Zakariya University60800MultanPakistan

Half-metallicity(HM)offers great potential for engineering spintronic applications,yet only few magnetic materials present metallicity in just one spin *** addition,most HM systems become magnetically disordered at temperatures well below ambient conditions,which further hinders the development of spin-based electronic ***,we use first-principles methods based on density functional theory(DFT)to investigate the electronic,magnetic,structural,mixing,and vibrational properties of 90 XYZ half-Heusler(HH)alloys(X=Li,Na,K,Rb,Cs;Y=V,Nb,Ta;Z=si,Ge,sn,s,se,Te).We disclose a total of 28 new HH compounds that are ferromagnetic,vibrationally stable,and HM,with semiconductor band gaps in the range of 1-4 eV and HM band gaps of 0.2-0.8 *** performing Monte Carlo simulations of a spin Heisenberg model fitted to DFT energies,we estimate the Curie temperature,T_(C),of each HM *** find that 17 HH HM remain magnetically ordered at and above room temperature,namely,300≤T_(C)≤450 K,with total magnetic moments of 2 and 4 mB.A further materials sieve based on zero-temperature mixing energies let us to conclude 5 overall promising HH HM that remain magnetically ordered at and above room temperature:NaVsi,RbVTe,CsVs,CsVse,and *** also predict 2 semiconductor materials that are ferromagnetic at ambient conditions:LiVsi and LiVGe.

关键词： magnetic ordered mixing

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A Review of the Bentong-Raub suture vis-à-vis New Insight of the Tectonic Evolution of Malay Peninsula,south East Asia

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Acta Geologica sinica(English Edition) 2016年第5期90卷 1865-1886页

作者： aftab Alam KHAN Mustaffa Kamal sHUIB Department of Geology University of Malaya Department of Geology University of Dhaka

Genesis of the so-called Bentong-Raub suture of Malay Peninsula does not fit to the model of subduction-related *** has evolved from transpression tectonics resulting closure and exhumation of the inland basin which underwent extensive back-arc extension during *** having similar thickness（average-35 km） below entire Malay Peninsula nagate collision of two separate continental blocks rather supports single continental block that collided with south China continental block during *** subduction of intervening sea（Proto south China sea） below Malay Peninsula resulted in widespread I- and s-Type granitization and volcanism in the back-arc basins during *** occurrence of Permo-Triassic Pahang volcanics of predominantly rhyolitic tuff suggest its derivation from back-arc ***-arc extension,basin development and sedimentation of the central belt of the peninsula continued until Cretaceous.A-Type granite of metaluminous to peraluminous character indicates their emplacement in an intraplate tectonic *** Peninsula suffered an anticlockwise rotation due to the rifting of Luconia-Dangerous Grounds from the east Asia in the Late Cretaceous-Early *** ductile and brittle deformation including crustal segmentation,pull-apart fracturing and faulting occurred during the closure and exhumation of the basins developed in the peninsula during Late Cretaceous-Early *** shortening in the central belt of the peninsula has been accomodated through strike-slip displacement,shearing and uplift.

关键词： Bentong-Raub fault intra-plate tectonics Triassic back-arc extension Cretaceoustranspression Malay Peninsula

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speciesα-diversity promotes butβ-diversity restricts aboveground biomass in tropical forests,depending on stand structure and environmental factors

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第5期34卷 889-901页

作者： Umar aftab Abbasi Eskil Mattsson sarath Premalal Nissanka Arshad Ali Forest Ecology Research Group College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaoding 071002People’s Republic of China IVL swedish Environmental Research Institute Aschebergsgatan 4441133 GothenburgSweden Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre(GGBC) GothenburgSweden Department of Crop science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Forest plays a vital role in the global biogeochemical cycles through a high rate of carbon sequestration and harboring ***,local species diversity is declining while also becoming increasingly homogenized across *** eff ects of local biotic processes(e.g.,speciesα-diversity and stand structural heterogeneity)and environmental factors on aboveground biomass(AGB)have been widely tested,there is a huge knowledge gap for the eff ect of regional biotic processes(i.e.,taxonomic and functionalβ-diversity)in ***,we hypothesized that regional and local environmental factors along with biotic processes jointly regulate AGB through species shifts in tropical *** piecewise structural equation modeling(psEM),we linked climatic water availability,soil fertility,stand structural heterogeneity(either tree DBH inequality,height inequality,or stand density),speciesα-diversity,taxonomic or functionalβ-diversity(and its two components;β-turnover andβ-richness),and AGB across 189 inventory plots in tropical forests of sri *** fertility and climatic water availability shaped local and regional biotic *** structural heterogeneity promoted speciesα-diversity but declinedβ-diversity(but increasedβ-taxonomic turnover).speciesα-diversity and stand structural heterogeneity promoted AGB whereas taxonomic and functionalβ-diversity declined(butβ-taxonomic turnover increased)*** relationships of AGB with speciesα-diversity andβ-diversity varied from signifi cant to nonsignifi cant positive depending on the specifi c combinations of stand structural heterogeneity metrics *** study shows that local biotic processes could increase AGB due to the local and regional niche complementarity eff ect whereas the regional biotic processes could restrict AGB due to the regional selection or functional redundancy eff ect under favorable environmental *** argue that biotic homogenization,as well as drought conditions,ma

关键词： Biodiversity Biotic homogenization Climate Forest functioning soil Tree size

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