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Epidemiology and current management of cardiovascular disease in China

Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第4期21卷 387-406页

作者： Sheng-shou HU the Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Dis-eases in China Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

The Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China(2022) intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in China. This is the fourth section of the report with a specific focus on epidemiology and current management of cardiovascular disease(CVD) in China. This section of the report highlights the epidemiological trends of CVD in China. It reveal a concerning rise in prevalence, with approximately 330 million affected individuals, including significant numbers with stroke, coronary artery disease(CAD), heart failure, and other conditions. CVD stands as the primary cause of mortality among both urban and rural populations, accounting for nearly half of all deaths in 2020. Mortality rates are notably higher in rural areas compared to urban centers since 2009. While age-standardized mortality rates have decreased, the absolute number of CVD deaths has increased, primarily due to population aging. Ischemic heart disease, hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes are the leading causes of CVD-related deaths. Notably, the burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease has risen substantially, with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease-related deaths increasing from 1990 to 2016. The incidence of ischemic stroke and ischemic heart disease has shown similar increasing trends over the past three decades. CAD mortality, particularly acute myocardial infarction, has been on the rise, with higher mortality rates observed in rural areas since 2016. The prevalence of CAD has increased significantly, with over 11 million patients identified in 2013. Studies assessing hospital performance in managing acute coronary syndrome reveal gaps in adherence to guideline-recommended strategies, with disparities in care quality across hospitals. However, initiatives like the China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events(PEACE)-Retrospective AMI Study and the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Acute Coronary Syndrome(CCC-ACS) project aim to improve patien

关键词： epidemiology landscape deaths

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Epidemiology and current management of cerebrovascular disease in China

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第5期21卷 465-474页

作者： Sheng-shou HU The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China

The Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China(2022)intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in *** connection with the previous section,this fifth section of the report continues the dissection on the manage-ment of cardiovascular diseases(CVD).Cerebrovascular disease is the leading cause of death and loss of healthy life among Chinese *** on the results of GBD 2019,from 1990 to 2019,the years of life lost due to premature death caused by stroke showed a decreasing trend,while the years lived with disability still increased *** present,national mortal-ity surveillance system can provide national and provincial representative annual death data on cerebrovascular disease,but the national representative data on some other important epidemiological indicators(such as incidence,prevalence,disability rate,and case fatality rate)are scarce in *** the construction of large cohort population and extension of follow-up time,re-search on stroke-related risk factors is increasing,providing a basis for the prevention and control of risk *** to limited large-scale population-based intervention studies,there is a lack of epidemiological evidence to transform into feasible interven-tion strategies and *** recent years,great progress in endovascular treatment for basilar-artery occlusion has been achieved in China,but there is still much room for improvement of guideline-based anticoagulant treatment and lipid-lowering treatment,as well as standardized diagnosis and treatment among patients with ischemic stroke.

关键词： prevention diagnosis Epidemiology

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Influencing Factors on Cardiovascular Health in China

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第1期21卷 4-33页

作者： Sheng-shou HU 无 Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences BeijingChina the Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China

The Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China(2022)intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in *** is the first section of the report,which dissects influential factors across diverse *** investigation identifies tobacco use as a paramount concern,portraying China as the global epicenter of tobacco *** smoking,exacerbated by second-hand smoke exposure,emerges as a critical and preventable risk factor,contributing to a surge in attributable deaths over the past three *** the realm of dietary nutrition,the study discerns an overall improvement,yet discerns worrisome deviations,notably an escalating fat intake surpassing recommended *** shifting dietary structure reveals diminished consumption of cereals and vegetables juxtaposed with an uptick in animal foods,while excessive intake of cooking oil and salt persists,straying substantially from endorsed *** exploration of physical activity patterns unfolds a nuanced *** trends are observed among students,with concerns arising from sedentary behaviors and inadequate adherence to recommended *** analysis spans a trajectory of declining physical activity in Chinese adults,coupled with an alarming surge in sedentary leisure time,ultimately linking these factors to heightened risks of cardiovascular diseases and increased *** examination of overweight and obesity trends uncovers a relentless upward trajectory,projecting substantial prevalence by *** prevalence rates underscore the imperative for targeted interventions to curtail this burgeoning health crisis,with the anticipated prevalence extending to nearly two-thirds of the adult *** factors,notably depression,constitute an integral facet of cardiovascular *** rates among patients with coronary artery disease and acute myocardial infarction underscore the intricate interplay between mental health and cardiovascular

关键词： Influencing smoke linking

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Trial application of the envelope method to the potential ambiguity problem

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 73-80页

作者： Li-Yuan Hu Yu-shou Song Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China College of Nuclear Science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Safety and Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The optical potential ambiguity is a long-standing problem in the analysis of elastic scattering *** a specific collid-ing system,ambiguous potential families can lead to different behaviors in the nearside and farside scattering *** contrast,the envelope method can decompose the experimental data into two components with negative and positive deflection angles,***,a question arises as to whether the comparison between the calculated nearside(or farside)component and the derived positive-deflection-angle(or negative-deflection-angle)component can help analyze the potential ambiguity *** this study,we conducted a trial application of the envelope method to the potential ambiguity *** envelope method was improved by including uncertainties in the experimental *** colliding systems of 16O+28Si at 215.2 MeV and 12C+12C at 1016 MeV were considered in the *** each colliding system,the angular distribution experimental data were described nearly equally well by two potential sets,one of which is“surface transpar-ent”and the other is *** calculated angular distributions were decomposed into nearside and farside scattering *** the improved envelope method,the experimental data were decomposed into the positive-deflection-angle and negative-deflection-angle components,which were then compared with the calculated nearside and farside *** capability of the envelope method to analyze the potential ambiguities was also discussed.

关键词： Elastic scattering Optical potential ambiguities Envelope method Nearside/farside decomposition

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In-situ powder mixing for laser-based directed energy deposition of functionally graded materials

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 150-166页

作者： Ji-Peng Chen shou-Chun Xie He Huang School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037People’s Republic of China Nanjing Huirui Photoelectric Technology Co. LtdNanjing211121People’s Republic of China

The mixing of powders is a highly relevant field under additive manufacturing,however,it has attracted limited interest to *** in-situ mixing of various powders remains a significant *** paper proposes a new method utilizing a static mixer for the in-situ mixing of multiple powders through the laser-based directed energy deposition(DED)of functionally graded ***,a powder-mixing experimental platform was established;WC and 316L powders were selected for the mixing ***,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,and image processing were used to visually evaluate the homogeneity and proportion of the in-situ mixed ***,powder-mixing simulations were conducted to determine the powder-mixing *** the simulations,a powder carrier gas flow field and particle mixing were ***,a WC/316L metal matrix composite sample was produced using laser-based DED to verify the application potential of the static *** was found that the static mixer could adjust the powder ratio online,and a response time of 1–2 s should be considered when adjusting the ratio of the mixed powder.A feasible approach for in-situ powder mixing for laser-based DED was demonstrated and investigated,creating the basis for functionally graded materials.

关键词： Laser Deposition Static mixer Powder mixing Functionally graded materials

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Experimental and numerical study on dynamic mechanical behaviors of shale under true triaxial compression at high strain rate

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第2期34卷 149-165页

作者： Xiaoping Zhou Linyuan Han Jing Bi Yundong shou School of Civil Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China College of Civil Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

High-energy gas fracturing of shale is a novel,high efficacy and eco-friendly mining technique,which is a typical dynamic perturbing *** effectively extract shale gas,it is important to understand the dynamic mechanical properties of *** experiments on shale subjected to true triaxial compression at different strain rates are first conducted in this *** dynamic stress-strain curves,peak strain,peak stress and failure modes of shale are *** results of the study indicate that the intermediate principal stress and the minor principal stress have the significant influence on the dynamic mechanical behaviors,although this effect decreases as the strain rate *** characteristics of compression-shear failure primarily occur in shale subjected to triaxial compression at high strain rates,which distinguishes it from the fragmentation characteristics observed in shale under dynamic uniaxial ***,a numerical three-dimensional Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(3D-SHPB),which is established by coupling PFC3D and FLAC3D methods,is validated to replicate the laboratory characteristics of *** dynamic mechanical characteristics of shale subjected to different confining stresses are systematically investigated by the coupling PFC3D and FLAC3D *** numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： Dynamic behaviors True triaxial compression High strain rates Dynamic failure mechanism PFC3D-FLAC3D coupled method

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The breaking of spin symmetry in the single-particle resonances in deformed nuclei

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 237-245页

作者： Zhen-Yu Zheng shou-Wan Chen Quan Liu School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

The exploration of spin symmetry (SS) in nuclear physics has been instrumental in identifying atomic nucleus *** this study,we solve the Dirac equation from the relativistic mean field (RMF) in complex momentum *** investigated SS and its breaking in single-particle resonant states within deformed nuclei,with a focus on the illustrative *** was the initial discovery of a resonant spin doublet in a deformed nucleus,with the expectation of the SS approaching the continuum *** increasing single-particle energy,the splitting of the resonant spin doublets widened *** escalating splitting implies diminishing adherence to the SS,indicating a departure from the expected behavior as the energy levels *** also analyzed the width of the resonant states,showing that lower orbital angular momentum resonances possess shorter decay times and that SS is preserved within broad resonant doublets,as opposed to narrow resonant *** the radial density of the upper components for the bound-state and resonant-state doublets,it becomes evident that while SS is well-preserved in the bound states,it deteriorates in the resonant *** impact of nuclear deformation (β_(2)) on SS was examined,demonstrating that an increase in β_(2) resulted in higher energy and width splitting in the resonant spin doublets,which is attributed to increased component ***,the sensitivity of spin doublets to various potential parameters such as surface diffuseness (a),radius (R),and depth (Σ0) is discussed,emphasizing the role of these parameters in *** study provides valuable insights into the behavior of spin doublets in deformed nuclei and their interplay with the nuclear structure,thereby advancing our understanding of SS in the resonance state.

关键词： Spin symmetry Resonant states Deformed nuclei Complex-momentum representation

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Disorders of cardiac rhythm in China

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第7期21卷 703-712页

作者： Sheng-shou HU The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China

The Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China(2022)intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in *** connection with the previous section,this seventh section of the report offers a comprehensive analysis of dis-orders of heart rhythm in *** 2021,China has achieved significant development and gratifying results in many aspects of the field of *** bundle branch pacing(LBBP),as an emerging pacing technique originating from China,has received widespread *** research results have emerged on its indications,surgical procedures,clinical evaluation,and com-parison with other pacing *** feasibility,effectiveness,and safety have been basically verified,but its long-term pro-gnosis still needs further confirmation from larger samples and longer follow-up time research *** pacemakers have begun to be used in a wider range of clinical applications,and related large sample cohort studies have been *** addi-tion,there are also noteworthy new achievements in the fields of pacemaker remote programming,anticoagulation and radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA)therapy for atrial fibrillation,and implantable cardioverter defibrillator prevention of sudden cardiac *** terms of clinical practice,due to COVID-19 pandemic,the number of RFCA procedures and other device im-plantations in China has fluctuated,but it has gradually recovered since 2020.

关键词： cardiac prevention landscape

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Optimizing evasive maneuvering of planes using a flight quality driven model

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 197-208页

作者： Chang LIU Shaoshan SUN Chenggang TAO Yingxin shou Bin XU School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical University Chengdu Aircraft Design & Research Institute of AVIC

This paper investigates the optimal evasive maneuver for a plane to avoid an incoming missile. To accurately model the system dynamics while improving computational efficiency, a simplified plane model based on flight quality is established. A missile model with proportional guidance is also *** problem of determining the optimal evasion plane maneuver is formulated. The Gauss pseudospectral method(GPM) is proposed as a solution to find the optimal maneuver. The optimized maneuver is validated by testing it on a high-fidelity 6-degree-of-freedom(6-DOF) model, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed simplified plane model. The Monte Carlo method is employed to evaluate the capability of the plane to evade missiles in various scenarios and elucidate general principles for successful evasion.

关键词： optimal maneuver flying quality evasive strategy pursuit-evasion game air-to-air combat

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Stereoselectiveα-Glycosylation with GlcN_(3)Donors Enabled Collective Syntheses of Acinetobacter baumannii Capsular Polysaccharides K43,K47 and K88 Repeating Units

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第14期42卷 1593-1598页

作者： Kunxiu shou Shanshan Liu Yunqin Zhang Guozhi Xiao State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan650201 China

Collective syntheses of *** CPS K43,K47 and K88 repeating units have been accomplished via a newα-glycosylation method with GlcN_(3) as donors,which features:1)mild reaction conditions,2)good to high yields,3)excellent *** synthetic route also highlights an orthogonal one-pot coupling strategy on the basis of glycosyl ortho-(1-phenylvinyl)benzoates for stereoselective constructions of both 1,2-trans and 1,2-cis glycosidic bonds,precluding the issues of aglycone transfer.

关键词： A baumanni CPS α-Glycosylation method One-pot glycosylation 1,2-GlcN bonds Glycosyl ortho-(1-phenylvinyl)benzoates Carbohydrates Oligosaccharides Total synthesis

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