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Protective performance of shear stiffening gel-modified foam against ballistic impact:Experimental and numerical study

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 510-520页

作者： Huan Tu haowei Yang Pengzhao xu Zhe Yang Fan Tang Cheng Dong Yuchao Chen Lei Ren Wenjian Cao Chenguang Huang Yacong Guo Yanpeng Wei Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Xi'an Institute of Electromechanical Information Technology Xi'an 710065China Science and Technology on Transient Impact Laboratory Beijing 102202China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

As one of the most widely used personal protective equipment(PPE),body armors play an important role in protecting the human body from the high-velocity impact of bullets or projectiles.The body torso and critical organs of the wear may suffer severe behind-armor blunt trauma(BABT)even though the impactor is stopped by the body armor.A type of novel composite material through incorporating shear stiffening gel(STG)into ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA)foam is developed and used as buffer layers to reduce BABT.In this paper,the protective performance of body armors composed of fabric bulletproof layers and a buffer layer made of foam material is investigated both experimentally and numerically.The effectiveness of STG-modified EVA in damage relief is verified by ballistic tests.In parallel with the experimental study,numerical simulations are conducted by LS-DYNA®to investigate the dynamic response of each component and capture the key mechanical parameters,which are hardly obtained from field tests.To fully describe the material behavior under the transient impact,the selected constitutive models take the failure and strain rate effect into consideration.A good agreement between the experimental observations and numerical results is achieved to prove the validity of the modelling method.The tests and simulations show that the impact-induced deformation on the human body is significantly reduced by using STG-modified EVA as the buffering material.The improvement of protective performance is attributed to better dynamic properties and more outstanding energy absorption capability of the composite foam.

关键词： Ballistic behavior Composite foam Shear stiffening gel Finite element analysis Protective mechanism

Enhancement of intranasalmucosal immunization of mucosal vaccines by ultrasonic treatment

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2023年第4期6卷 405-422页

作者： haowei xu Yang Liao Mankovskaya Svetlana Deguang Yang Huaibin Wan Zonghua Liu Department of Biomedical Engineering Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Department of Laboratory Medicine General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLAGuangzhou 510010China Institute of Physiology of NAS of Belarus MinskBelarus Department of Cardiology Heyuan Shenhe People’s HospitalThe Fifth Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityHeyuan 517475China

The pathogens of most infectious diseases invade the host through mucosal sites,and immunization with mucosal vaccines is the best means of combating these infectious diseases.Oral delivery and nasal delivery are the most common methods of mucosal vaccination.However,the delivery process is inefficient,and mucosal vaccination is ineffective because the vaccine formulation is easily and rapidly removed and has difficulty in crossing the mucosal surface.In this paper,we investigated whether the mucosal immune response could be enhanced by ultrasound facilitation of nasal mucosal delivery of vaccine preparations.For this purpose,we used manganese dioxide(MnO2)as the vaccine carrier/adjuvant,coated with chitosan oligosaccharide(COS)to enhance mucosal adsorption,and further physically adsorbed model antigen ovalbumin(OVA)to construct a nanoparticulate vaccine formulation MnO2@COS@OVA.Ultrasound treatment was found to promote antigen delivery and recruitment of dendritic cells(DCs)and macrophages as well as T-cell infiltration in nasal mucosal tissues through nasal mucosal immunization studies.With ultrasound assistance,MnO2@COS@OVA particles promoted the maturation of DCs in vitro and in vivo and promoted the production of effector memory T cells in vivo and cytokine secretion by splenocytes in vitro.In particular,ultrasound treatment significantly increased the levels of secretory IgA antibodies in the nasal mucosa and genital tract mucosa of experimental mice.In addition,the experimental data showed that the MnO2@COS@OVA particles had good biocompatibility and caused no significant damage to the nasal mucosal and vital organ tissue.These data suggest that ultrasound treatment can promote the induction of efficient immune responses to mucosal vaccines and provide new ideas for the opening and clinical translation of mucosal vaccines.

关键词： Mucosal vaccine Ultrasound treatment MnO2 Nasal delivery

Using radium isotopes to quantify submarine groundwater discharge at different scales in the Huanghe River Estuary,China

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海洋学报:英文版 2023年第8期42卷 32-39页

作者： haowei xu Disong Yang Xiaoyi Guo Maosheng Gao Guangquan Chen Diansheng Ji Shengtao Chen Huaming Yu Bochao xu Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System/Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of Ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center of State Oceanic Administration/Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266033China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Qingdao 266033China Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Qingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China Yantai Marine Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesYantai 264003China North China Sea Ecological Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266033China Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266033China College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Sanya Oceanographic Institution Ocean University of ChinaSanya 572000China

As an important land-ocean interaction process,submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)is composed of multiple dynamical processes at different scales and plays an important role in the study of coastal ocean geochemical budgets.However,most of the existing studies focus on the quantification of the total groundwater discharge,few studies are about the differentiation and quantification of groundwater discharge processes at different scales(i.e.,short-scale SGD and long-scale SGD).As a world-class river,the Huanghe River is highly turbid and heavily regulated by humans.These natural and anthropogenic factors have a significant impact on groundwater discharge processes in the Huanghe River Estuary(HRE).In this study,the distribution patterns of the natural geochemical tracer radium isotopes(^(224)Ra and^(223)Ra)and other hydrological parameters in the HRE were investigated during four cruises.By solving the mass balance of^(224)Ra and^(223)Ra in the HRE,the long-scale SGD flux was quantified as 0.01−0.19 m/d,and the short-scale SGD flux was 0.03−0.04 m/d.The rate of short-scale SGD remained essentially constant among seasons,while the rate of long-scale SGD varied considerably at different periods and showed a synchronous trend with the variation of river discharge.The results of this study are significant for understanding the SGD dynamics in the HRE and the contribution of SGD to the ocean geochemical budgets.

关键词： radium isotopes submarine groundwater discharge Huanghe River Estuary

Abnormal nonlinear optical responses on the surface of topological materials

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1045-1052页

作者： haowei xu Hua Wang Ju Li Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA

The nonlinear optical(NLO)responses of topological materials are under active research.Most previous works studied the surface and bulk NLO responses separately.Here we develop a generic Green’s function framework to investigate the surface and bulk NLO responses together.We reveal that the topological surface can behave disparately from the bulk under light illumination.Remarkably,the photocurrents on the surface can flow in opposite directions to those in the bulk interior,and the light-induced spin current on the surface can be orders of magnitude stronger than its bulk counterpart on a per-volume basis.We also study the responses under inhomogeneous field and higher-order NLO effect,which are all distinct on the surface.These anomalous surface responses suggest that light can be a valuable tool for probing the surface states of topological materials.Besides,the surface effects should be prudently considered when investigating the optical properties of topological materials.

关键词： materials. surface. topological

Optomechanical control of stacking patterns of h-BN bilayer

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Nano Research 2019年第10期12卷 2634-2639页

作者： haowei xu Jian Zhou Yifei Li Rafael Jaramillo Ju Li Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

Few-layer two-dime nsion al(2D)materials usually have differe nt(meta)-stable stacking patterns,which have distinet electronic and optical properties.In spired by optical tweezers,we show that a laser with selected freque ncy can modify the gen eralized stacking-fault en ergy Iandscape of bilayer hexagonal boron nitride(BBN),by coupling to the slip-dependent dielectric response.Consequently,BBN can be reversibly and barrier-freely switched betwee n its stacking patter ns in a controllable way.We simulate the dyn amics of the stacki ng transition with a simplified equati on of motion and dem on strate that it happe ns at picosec ond timescale.When one layer of BBN has a nearly-free surface boundary condition,BBN can be locked in its metastable stacking modes for a long time.Such a fast,reversible and non-volatile transition makes BBN a potential media for data storage and optical phase mask.

关键词： phase change materials two-dimensional materials opto-mechanics density functional theory

Colossal switchable photocurrents in topological Janus transition metal dichalcogenides

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 284-292页

作者： haowei xu Hua Wang Jian Zhou Yunfan Guo Jing Kong Ju Li Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA

Nonlinear optical properties,such as bulk photovoltaic effects,possess great potential in energy harvesting,photodetection,rectification,etc.To enable efficient light–current conversion,materials with strong photo-responsivity are highly desirable.In this work,we predict that monolayer Janus transition metal dichalcogenides(JTMDs)in the 1T′phase possess colossal nonlinear photoconductivity owing to their topological band mixing,strong inversion symmetry breaking,and small electronic bandgap.1T′JTMDs have inverted bandgaps on the order of 10 meV and are exceptionally responsive to light in the terahertz(THz)range.By first-principles calculations,we reveal that 1T′JTMDs possess shift current(SC)conductivity as large as 2300 nmμA V^(−2),equivalent to a photo-responsivity of 2800 mA/W.The circular current(CC)conductivity of 1T′JTMDs is as large as∼104 nmμA V^(−2).These remarkable photo-responsivities indicate that the 1T′JTMDs can serve as efficient photodetectors in the THz range.We also find that external stimuli such as the in-plane strain and out-of-plane electric field can induce topological phase transitions in 1T′JTMDs and that the SC can abruptly flip their directions.The abrupt change of the nonlinear photocurrent can be used to characterize the topological transition and has potential applications in 2D optomechanics and nonlinear optoelectronics.

关键词： topological transition nonlinear

Layered power scheduling optimization of PV hydrogen production system considering performance attenuation of PEMEL

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Global Energy Interconnection 2023年第6期6卷 714-725页

作者： Yanhui xu haowei Chen Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206P.R.China

To analyze the additional cost caused by the performance attenuation of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer(PEMEL)under the fluctuating input of renewable energy,this study proposes an optimization method for power scheduling in hydrogen production systems under the scenario of photovoltaic(PV)electrolysis of water.First,voltage and performance attenuation models of the PEMEL are proposed,and the degradation cost of the electrolyzer under a fluctuating input is considered.Then,the calculation of the investment and operating costs of the hydrogen production system for a typical day is based on the life cycle cost.Finally,a layered power scheduling optimization method is proposed to reasonably distribute the power of the electrolyzer and energy storage system in a hydrogen production system.In the up-layer optimization,the PV power absorbed by the hydrogen production system was optimized using MALTAB+Gurobi.In low-layer optimization,the power allocation between the PEMEL and battery energy storage system(BESS)is optimized using a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)combined with the firefly algorithm(FA).A better optimization result,characterized by lower degradation and total costs,was obtained using the method proposed in this study.The improved algorithm can search for a better population and obtain optimization results in fewer iterations.As a calculation example,data from a PV power station in northwest China were used for optimization,and the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed optimization method were verified.

关键词： PV electrolysis of water Proton exchange membrane electrolyzer Performance attenuation Degradation cost Power scheduling optimization

联合应用己酮可可碱和银杏叶提取物治疗对突发性耳聋患者伴随症状消失时间、听阈值的影响

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首都食品与医药 2024年第11期31卷 67-70页

作者：郑淏巍徐艺珊天津市宝坻区人民医院天津301800

目的探究联合应用己酮可可碱和银杏叶提取物治疗对突发性耳聋(SHL)患者伴随症状消失时间、听阈值的影响。方法选取天津市宝坻区人民医院2021年3月-2022年3月收治的SHL患者86例,依照随机分配原则分为对照组(n=43,接受己酮可可碱注射液治... 详细信息

目的探究联合应用己酮可可碱和银杏叶提取物治疗对突发性耳聋(SHL)患者伴随症状消失时间、听阈值的影响。方法选取天津市宝坻区人民医院2021年3月-2022年3月收治的SHL患者86例,依照随机分配原则分为对照组(n=43,接受己酮可可碱注射液治疗)和观察组(n=43,接受己酮可可碱注射液联合银杏叶提取物注射液治疗),两组均持续治疗14d。对比两组临床疗效、伴随症状消失时间、听阈值及耳鸣致残量表(THI)评分、血液流变学指标、不良反应。结果观察组临床总有效率93.02%(40/43)高于对照组的76.74%(33/43),有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论联合应用己酮可可碱和银杏叶提取物治疗SHL患者,能够有效加快临床症状缓解,降低机体血液黏度,改善听力,且不良反应较少。

关键词：突发性耳聋己酮可可碱银杏叶提取物听阈值血液流变学不良反应

白藜芦醇调控苹果响应轮纹病的差异表达基因分析

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山东农业科学 2024年第2期56卷 14-22页

作者：张洋红李爽陈昊伟李佳徐继忠河北农业大学园艺学院河北保定071000

为筛选苹果轮纹病抗性基因,以苹果轮纹病抗、感株系为材料,白藜芦醇处理后针刺法接种轮纹病菌,利用高通量测序技术对接菌0 h和96 h的样品进行差异表达基因分析。试验共构建了24个文库,转录组测序共检测到173.80 Gb Clean Data,各样品Cle... 详细信息

为筛选苹果轮纹病抗性基因,以苹果轮纹病抗、感株系为材料,白藜芦醇处理后针刺法接种轮纹病菌,利用高通量测序技术对接菌0 h和96 h的样品进行差异表达基因分析。试验共构建了24个文库,转录组测序共检测到173.80 Gb Clean Data,各样品Clean Data均达到6.05 Gb,Q30值在90.67%及以上。差异表达基因(DEGs)分析结果表明,白藜芦醇处理后抗病材料的DEGs多于感病材料,接菌96 h的DEGs多于接菌0 h的。KEGG代谢通路富集分析表明,抗病材料富集的通路远远多于感病材料,且富集到抗病相关通路如植物激素信号转导和植物-病原互作的基因也多于感病材料;此外,抗病材料还富集到与木质素合成相关的苯丙素生物合成途径以及类黄酮生物合成通路。可见,在白藜芦醇处理后接菌,抗病材料叶片内的防御机制变化更丰富,可以更好地应对轮纹病菌的侵染。本研究结果可为了解白藜芦醇影响苹果轮纹病抗性的分子机制以及选育苹果抗轮纹病新品种提供理论依据。

关键词：苹果轮纹病白藜芦醇转录组差异表达基因