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A Knowledge-enhanced Two-stage Generative Framework for Medical Dialogue Information Extraction

Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 153-168页

作者： Zefa Hu Ziyi Ni Jing Shi Shuang xu Bo xu School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

This paper focuses on term-status pair extraction from medical dialogues(MD-TSPE),which is essential in diagnosis dia-logue systems and the automatic scribe of electronic medical records(EMRs).In the past few years,works on MD-TSPE have attracted increasing research attention,especially after the remarkable progress made by generative ***,these generative methods output a whole sequence consisting of term-status pairs in one stage and ignore integrating prior knowledge,which demands a deeper un-derstanding to model the relationship between terms and infer the status of each *** paper presents a knowledge-enhanced two-stage generative framework(KTGF)to address the above *** task-specific prompts,we employ a single model to com-plete the MD-TSPE through two phases in a unified generative form:We generate all terms the first and then generate the status of each generated *** this way,the relationship between terms can be learned more effectively from the sequence containing only terms in the first phase,and our designed knowledge-enhanced prompt in the second phase can leverage the category and status candidates of the generated term for status ***,our proposed special status"not mentioned"makes more terms available and en-riches the training data in the second phase,which is critical in the low-resource *** experiments on the Chunyu and CMDD datasets show that the proposed method achieves superior results compared to the state-of-the-art models in the full training and low-re-sourcesettings.

关键词： Medical dialogue understanding information extraction text generation knowledge-enhanced prompt low-resource setting dataaugmentation

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Mapping super-resolution image quality

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 178-180页

作者： Megan A.Steves Ke xu Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA

The local quality of super-resolution microscopy images can be assessed and mapped by rolling Fourier ring correlation,even when image quality varies within a single image.

关键词： image resolution Mapping

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Volatiles in the mantle transition zone and their effects on big mantle wedge systems

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 15-18页

作者： Yu Wang Yi-Gang xu State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)

The mantle transition zone (MTZ), located between the upper and lower mantle, is characterized by sudden seismicvelocity discontinuities at depths of 410 and 660 km where significant change in mineralogical composition occurs. As a link between the upper and lower mantle,the MTZ is a layer of special significance in Earth’s deep structure, and a critical interface in geodynamics and material circulation.

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Effect of drying-wetting cycles on pore characteristics and mechanical properties of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation-reinforced sea sand

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 291-302页

作者： Ming Huang Kai xu Zijian Liu Chaoshui xu Mingjuan Cui College of Civil Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China Xiamen Rail Transit Construction and Development Group Co. Ltd.Xiamen361000China School of Civil Environment and Mining EngineeringThe University of AdelaideAdelaide5005Australia

Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation(EICP)is an emanating,eco-friendly and potentially sound technique that has presented promise in various geotechnical ***,the durability and microscopic characteristics of EICP-treated specimens against the impact of drying-wetting(D-W)cycles is under-explored *** study investigates the evolution of mechanical behavior and pore charac-teristics of EICP-treated sea sand subjected to D-W *** uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)tests,synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography(micro-CT),and three-dimensional(3D)recon-struction of CT images were performed to study the multiscale evolution characteristics of EICP-reinforced sea sand under the effect of D-W *** potential correlations between microstructure characteristics and macro-mechanical property deterioration were investigated using gray relational analysis(GRA).Results showed that the UCS of EICP-treated specimens decreases by 63.7% after 15 D-W *** proportion of mesopores gradually decreases whereas the proportion of macropores in-creases due to the exfoliated calcium carbonate with increasing number of D-W *** micro-structure in EICP-reinforced sea sand was gradually disintegrated,resulting in increasing pore size and development of pore shape from ellipsoidal to columnar and *** gray relational degree suggested that the weight loss rate and UCS deterioration were attributed to the development of branched pores with a size of 100-1000 m m under the action of D-W ***,the results in this study provide a useful guidancee for the long-term stability and evolution characteristics of EICP-reinforced sea sand under D-W weathering conditions.

关键词： Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation(EICP) Plant-based urease Drying-wetting(D-W)cycles Microstructure

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Synthesis and characterization of iron clusters with an icosahedral [Fe@Fe12]16+ Core

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 123-129页

作者： Gan xu Yun-Shu Cui xue-Lian Jiang Cong-Qiao xu Jun Li xu-Dong Chen Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing University

Iron-metal clusters are crucial in a variety of critical biological and material systems,including metalloenzymes,catalysts,and magnetic storage ***,a synthetic high-nuclear iron cluster has been absent due to the extreme difficulty in stabilizing species with direct iron-iron *** this work,we have synthesized,crystallized,and characterized a（Tp*）4W4S12(Fe@Fe12) cluster(Tp*=tris（3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl）borate（1-）),which features a rare trideca-nuclear,icosahedral[Fe@Fe12] cluster core with direct multicenter iron-iron bonding between the interstitial iron（Fei） and peripheral irons（Fep）,as well as Fep…Fepferromagnetic *** chemistry studies reveal that the stability of the cluster arises from the 18-electron shell-closing of the [Fe@Fe12]16+core,assisted by its bonding interactions with the peripheral tridentate [（Tp*）WS3]4-ligands which possess both S→Fe donation and spin-polarized Fe-Wσ *** ground-state electron spin is theoretically predicted to be S=32/2 for the *** existence of low oxidation-state（OS～+1.23） iron in this compound may find interesting applications in magnetic storage,spintronics,redox chemistry,and cluster catalysis.

关键词： Fe13 cluster iron-sulfur cluster low-valence iron iron−iron bond high spin complex

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TRIM21-dependent ultrasmall chiral gold nanoparticles for preventing microglia senescence against Alzheimer's disease

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1360-1372页

作者： Meiru Lu Changlong Hao Liguang xu Feng Yu Jiwei Jiang Yanli Wang Jun xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Maozhong Sun International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesSchool of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Institute of Life Sciences Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing 100070China

Tripartite motif 21(TRIM21)is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that shows great promise for protein degradation through ***,ultrasmall chiral gold nanoparticles(D-or L-NPs)modified by D-or L-glutathione ligands were *** conjugated with an NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)antibody(D-NP-a NLRP3 or L-NP-a NLRP3),DNP-a NLRP3 showed effective delivery efficiency of the antibody into microglia and prevented Aβ-mediated microglia senescence,and p16^(ink4a),a marker of senescence,in the microglia was reduced by 90.3%±7.8% while L-NP-a NLRP3 decreased by 48.01%±3.1%.Mechanistic investigations revealed that the D-NP-a NLRP3((1.5±0.3)×10^(7)M^(-1))exhibited sixteen-fold larger binding affinity to transmembrane glycoprotein SLC3A2 than L-type((9.5±2.7)×10^(5)M^(-1)),which led to a high efficiency of antibody delivery and TRIM21-dependent NLRP3 ***,the blood-brain barrier(BBB)-crossing ability of chiral NP-a NLRP3 as well as NLRP3 degradation was demonstrated in *** APP/PS1 Alzheimer's disease(AD)model mice experiments exhibited a reduction of 89.7%±6.8% for the NLRP3 protein and 84.2±7.5% for p16^(ink4a)following the intravenous administration of D-NP-a NLRP3 once a week for 60 ***,the levels of the AD markers Aβ and phosphorylatedTau in the brains were reduced by 86.2%±8.2% and 81.6%±9.1%;these were 2.1-fold and 1.9-fold higher than those treated with L-NP-a NLRP3,*** studies provide a method to rescue AD-like pathologies and prevent senescence.

关键词： chiral gold nanoparticles amyloid-β NLRP3 TRIM21 senescence Alzheimer's disease

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A General Simulation Method for Complex Deformation of Irregular-Shaped Origami Configurations

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 90-98页

作者： Zhaochen Dong Yichao Zhu xu Guo State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Department of Engineering MechanicsInternational Research Center for Computational MechanicsDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China

Most existing treatments for origami-folding simulations have focused on regular-shaped *** article aims to introduce a general strategy for simulating and analyzing the deformation process of irregular shapes by means of computational capabilities *** better simulate origami deformation with folding orders,the concept of plane follow-up is introduced to achieve automated computer simulation of complex folding patterns,thereby avoiding intersection and penetration between *** on the evaluation criteria such as the lowest storage energy with tightening and the fastest pace from tightening to unfolding,the optimal crease distribution patterns for four irregular(‘N’-,‘T’-,‘O’-,and‘P’-shaped)origami configurations are then presented under five *** the dimensions of the origami are fixed,it is discovered that simpler folding patterns lead to faster deformation of the origami *** the folding complexity is fixed,higher strain energy results in more rapid origami expansion.

关键词： Irregular-shaped origami Complex deformation Computer-aided origami design General simulation

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Frequency-domain analysis of fluid-structure interaction in aircraft hydraulic pipeline systems: numerical and experimental studies

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第8期25卷 605-617页

作者： Yang DENG Zongxia JIAO Yuanzhi xu School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Research Institute for Frontier Science Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Advanced Airborne Systems Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Ningbo Institute of Technology Beihang UniversityNingbo 315800China Tianmushan Laboratory Hangzhou 310023China

The fluid-structure interaction(FSI)in aircraft hydraulic pipeline systems is of great concern because of the damage it *** accurately predict the vibration characteristic of long hydraulic pipelines with curved segments,we studied the frequency-domain modeling and solution method for FSI in these pipeline *** partial differential equations(PDEs)are utilized to model the pipeline FSI,considering both frequency-dependent friction and bending-flexibility *** address the numerical instability encountered by the traditional transfer matrix method(TMM)in solving relatively complex pipelines,an improved TMM is proposed for solving the PDEs in the frequency domain,based on the matrix-stacking strategy and matrix representation of boundary *** proposed FSI model and improved solution method are validated by numerical cases and *** experimental rig of a practical hydraulic system,consisting of an aircraft engine-driven pump,a Z-shaped aero-hydraulic pipeline,and a throttle valve,was constructed for *** magnitude ratio of acceleration to pressure is introduced to evaluate the theoretical and experimental results,which indicate that the proposed model and solution method are effective in practical *** methodology presented in this paper can be used as an efficient approach for the vibrational design of aircraft hydraulic pipeline systems.

关键词： Fluid-structure interaction(FSI) Frequency-domain analysis Aircraft hydraulic pipeline Pipeline vibration Transfer matrix method(TMM)

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Incorporating contextual evidence to improve implicit discourse relation recognition in Chinese

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第3期18卷 91-104页

作者： Sheng xu Peifeng LI Qiaoming ZHU School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000China

The discourse analysis task,which focuses on understanding the semantics of long text spans,has received increasing attention in recent *** a critical component of discourse analysis,discourse relation recognition aims to identify the rhetorical relations between adjacent discourse units(e.g.,clauses,sentences,and sentence groups),called arguments,in a *** works focused on capturing the semantic interactions between arguments to recognize their discourse relations,ignoring important textual information in the surrounding ***,in many cases,more than capturing semantic interactions from the texts of the two arguments are needed to identify their rhetorical relations,requiring mining more contextual *** this paper,we propose a method to convert the RST-style discourse trees in the training set into dependency-based trees and train a contextual evidence selector on these transformed *** this way,the selector can learn the ability to automatically pick critical textual information from the context(i.e.,as evidence)for arguments to assist in discriminating their *** we encode the arguments concatenated with corresponding evidence to obtain the enhanced argument ***,we combine original and enhanced argument representations to recognize their *** addition,we introduce auxiliary tasks to guide the training of the evidence selector to strengthen its selection *** experimental results on the Chinese CDTB dataset show that our method outperforms several state-of-the-art baselines in both micro and macro F1 scores.

关键词： discourse parsing discourse relation recognition contextual evidence selection

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Controllable chemical redox reactions to couple microbial degradation for organic contaminated sites remediation:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 428-445页

作者： Bin Chen Jiang xu Lizhong Zhu College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Agriculture&Forest University Lin'an 311300China

Global environmental concern over organic contaminated sites has been progressively conspicuous during the process of urbanization and industrial *** traditional physical or chemical remediation technologies may significantly destroy the soil structure and function,coupling moderate chemical degradation with microbial remediation becomes a potential way for the green,economic,and efficient remediation of contaminated ***,this work systematically elucidates why and how to couple chemical technology with microbial remediation,mainly focused on the controllable redox reactions of organic *** rational design of materials structure,selective generation of reactive oxygen species,and estimation of degradation pathway are described for chemical ***,current progress on efficient and selective reductions of organic contaminants(i.e.,dechlorination,defluorination,-NO_(2) reduction)is *** with the microbial remediation of contaminated sites,several consideration factors of how to couple chemical and microbial remediation are proposed based on both fundamental and practical points of *** review will advance the understanding and development of chemical-microbial coupled remediation for organic contaminated sites.

关键词： Soil remediation Groundwater remediation Rational design Reactive species Environmental nanotechnology

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