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Potassium and calcium channels in different nerve cells act as therapeutic targets in neurological disorders

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1258-1276页

作者： Qing Qiu Mengting Yang Danfeng Gong Haiying liang Tingting chen Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityLongyanFujian ProvinceChina

The central nervous system, information integration center of the body, is mainly composed of neurons and glial cells. The neuron is one of the most basic and important structural and functional units of the central nervous system, with sensory stimulation and excitation conduction functions. Astrocytes and microglia belong to the glial cell family, which is the main source of cytokines and represents the main defense system of the central nervous system. Nerve cells undergo neurotransmission or gliotransmission, which regulates neuronal activity via the ion channels, receptors, or transporters expressed on nerve cell membranes. Ion channels, composed of large transmembrane proteins, play crucial roles in maintaining nerve cell homeostasis. These channels are also important for control of the membrane potential and in the secretion of neurotransmitters. A variety of cellular functions and life activities, including functional regulation of the central nervous system, the generation and conduction of nerve excitation, the occurrence of receptor potential, heart pulsation, smooth muscle peristalsis, skeletal muscle contraction, and hormone secretion, are closely related to ion channels associated with passive transmembrane transport. Two types of ion channels in the central nervous system, potassium channels and calcium channels, are closely related to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. Accordingly, various drugs that can affect these ion channels have been explored deeply to provide new directions for the treatment of these neurological disorders. In this review, we focus on the functions of potassium and calcium ion channels in different nerve cells and their involvement in neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, epilepsy, autism, and rare disorders. We also describe several clinical drugs that target potassium or calcium channels in nerve cells and could be u

关键词： astrocytes calcium channels central nervous system extracellular ion concentration microglia neurological disorders neurons potassium channels

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Gradient‑Layered MXene/Hollow Lignin Nanospheres Architecture Design for Flexible and Stretchable Supercapacitors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 447-462页

作者： haonan Zhang cheng hao Tongtong Fu Dian Yu Jane Howe Kaiwen chen Ning Yan hao Ren Huamin Zhai Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Sustainable Pulp and Paper Technology and Biomass Materials NanJing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto200 College StreetTorontoON M5S 3E5Canada Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto184 College StreetTorontoON M5S 3E4Canada College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China

With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronics,the demand for stretchable energy storage devices has *** this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin nanospheres(HLNPs)-intercalated two-dimensional transition metal carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene)for fabricating highly stretchable and durable *** depositing and inserting HLNPs in the MXene layers with a bottom-up decreasing gradient,a multilayered porous MXene structure with smooth ion channels was constructed by reducing the overstacking of MXene ***,the micro-chamber architecture of thin-walled lignin nanospheres effectively extended the contact area between lignin and MXene to improve ion and electron accessibility,thus better utilizing the pseudocapacitive property of *** these strategies effectively enhanced the capacitive performance of the *** addition,HLNPs,which acted as a protective phase for MXene layer,enhanced mechanical properties of the wrinkled stretchable electrodes by releasing stress through slip and deformation during the stretch-release cycling and greatly improved the structural integrity and capacitive stability of the *** electrodes and symmetric flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors capable of enduring 600%uniaxial tensile strain were developed with high specific capacitances of 1273 mF cm^(−2)(241 F g^(−1))and 514 mF cm^(−2)(95 F g^(−1)),***,their capacitances were well preserved after 1000 times of 600%stretch-release *** study showcased new possibilities of incorporating biobased lignin nanospheres in energy storage devices to fabricate stretchable devices leveraging synergies among various two-dimensional nanomaterials.

关键词： Hollow lignin nanospheres MXene Gradient-layered architecture Wrinkled electrodes Stretchable supercapacitors

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自主化堆芯核设计软件COCO验证与确认

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原子能科学技术 2017年第8期51卷 1459-1463页

作者：卢皓亮陈俊王军令蔡利高盛楠中广核研究院有限公司广东深圳518031

COCO软件是中国广核集团自主研发的三维堆芯核设计软件,在投入工程应用之前,需对软件进行验证与确认。借助已有的国际基准题,对软件的各模块进行验证,保证模型的正确性。借助中国广核集团岭澳、宁德、红沿河等基地大量的运行数据,并耦... 详细信息

COCO软件是中国广核集团自主研发的三维堆芯核设计软件,在投入工程应用之前,需对软件进行验证与确认。借助已有的国际基准题,对软件的各模块进行验证,保证模型的正确性。借助中国广核集团岭澳、宁德、红沿河等基地大量的运行数据,并耦合上游组件截面计算软件PINE和下游通量图处理软件MAPLE进行计算分析。验证与确认结果表明,COCO软件具有良好的计算精度。

关键词：堆芯核设计验证与确认限值运行数据

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Morphology engineering of ZnO micro/nanostructures under mild conditions for optoelectronic application

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 498-503页

作者： liang Chu haoyu Shen Hudie Wei Hongyu chen Guoqiang Ma Wensheng Yan Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New Energy&School of Electronics and Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China School of Applied Physics and Materials Wuyi UniversityJiangmen 529020China

Zinc oxide(ZnO)serves as a crucial functional semiconductor with a wide direct bandgap of approximately 3.37 *** reaction is commonly used in the synthesis of ZnO micro/nanostructures,given its low cost,simplicity,and easy ***,ZnO morphology engineering has become desirable through the alteration of minor conditions in the reaction process,particularly at room *** this work,ZnO micro/nanostructures were synthesized in a solution by varying the amounts of the ammonia added at low temperatures(including room temperature).The formation of Zn^(2+)complexes by ammonia in the precursor regulated the reaction rate of the morphology engineering of ZnO,which resulted in various structures,such as nanoparticles,nanosheets,microflowers,and single ***,the obtained ZnO was used in the optoelectronic application of ultraviolet detectors.

关键词： morphology engineering low temperature ZnO nanosheets microflowers ultraviolet detector

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Advances in Graphene‑Based Electrode for Triboelectric Nanogenerator

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 378-403页

作者： Bin Xie Yuanhui Guo Yun chen hao Zhang Jiawei Xiao Maoxiang Hou Huilong Liu Li Ma Xin chen Chingping Wong State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

With the continuous development of wearable electronics,wireless sensor networks and other micro-electronic devices,there is an increasingly urgent need for miniature,flexible and efficient nanopower generation *** nanogenerator(TENG)technology can convert small mechanical energy into electricity,which is expected to address this *** the core component of TENG,the choice of electrode materials significantly affects its *** metal electrode materials often suffer from problems such as durability,which limits the further application of ***,as a novel electrode material,shows excellent prospects for application in TENG owing to its unique structure and excellent electrical *** review systematically summarizes the recent research progress and application prospects of TENGs based on graphene *** precision processing methods of graphene electrodes are introduced,and the applications of graphene electrode-based TENGs in various scenarios as well as the enhancement of graphene electrodes for TENG performance are *** addition,the future development of graphene electrode-based TENGs is also prospectively discussed,aiming to promote the continuous advancement of graphene electrode-based TENGs.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerator Precision processing Graphene electrode Self-powered sensor

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AZD1775 synergizes with SLC7A11 inhibition to promote ferroptosis

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 204-218页

作者： chen Xiong Hong Ling Yingdan Huang Hanzhi Dong Bangxiang Xie Qian hao Xiang Zhou Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan University Department of Breast Surgery Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterFudan University Department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical University Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterFudan University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology)Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan University

Tumor suppressor p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair may exert cytoprotective effects against cancer therapies, including WEE1 inhibition. Considering that p53 activation can also lead to multiple types of cell death, the role of this tumor suppressor in WEE1 inhibitor-based therapies remains disputed. In this study, we reported that nucleolar stress-mediated p53 activation enhanced the WEE1 inhibitor AZD1775-induced ferroptosis to suppress lung cancer growth. Our findings showed that AZD1775 promoted ferroptosis by blocking cystine uptake, an action similar to that of Erastin. Meanwhile, inhibition of WEE1 by the WEE1 inhibitors or si RNAs induced compensatory upregulation of SLC7A11, which conferred resistance to ferroptosis. Mechanistically, AZD1775 prevented the enrichment of H3K9me3, a histone marker of transcriptional repression, on the SLC7A11 promoter by repressing the expression of the histone methyltransferase SETDB1, thereby enhancing NRF2-mediated SLC7A11 transcription. This finding was also validated using the H3K9me3 inhibitor BRD4770. Remarkably, we found that the nucleolar stress-inducing agent Actinomycin D(Act. D) inhibited SLC7A11 expression by activating p53, thus augmenting AZD1775-induced ferroptosis. Moreover, the combination of AZD1775 and Act. D synergistically suppressed wild-type p53-harboring lung cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, our study demonstrates that AZD1775 promotes ferroptosis by targeting cystine uptake but also mediates the adaptive activation of SLC7A11 through the WEE1-SETDB1 cascade and NRF2-induced transcription, and inhibition of SLC7A11 by Act. D boosts the anti-tumor efficacy of AZD1775 by enhancing ferroptosis in cancers with wild-type p53.

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梅毒1219例临床流行病学分析

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临床皮肤科杂志 2013年第10期42卷 587-589页

作者：郝良宸车雅敏黄士纲赖芸沂天津医科大学总医院皮肤科天津300052

目的:通过对梅毒患者的流行病学分析,为梅毒的预防、早发现及治疗提供理论依据。方法:对2006-2010年1 219例梅毒患者各年人数、性别比例、年龄分布、职业、文化程度、传染来源、病期、同时感染其他性传播疾病情况及治疗情况进行回顾性... 详细信息

目的:通过对梅毒患者的流行病学分析,为梅毒的预防、早发现及治疗提供理论依据。方法:对2006-2010年1 219例梅毒患者各年人数、性别比例、年龄分布、职业、文化程度、传染来源、病期、同时感染其他性传播疾病情况及治疗情况进行回顾性分析。结果:梅毒年均增长率为28.46%,男性患者共计748例,女性471例,男女比例为1.59:1,非婚性接触者863例占所有患者的70.80%,378例患者同时并发其他性传播疾病,占全部患者的31.01%,普鲁卡因青霉素G与米诺环素治疗梅毒,快速血浆反应素试验(RPR)转阴情况无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:梅毒患者人数呈逐年上升趋势,男性患者多于女性,患者中以早期患者为主,潜伏梅毒比例逐年增加,且梅毒往往同时感染其他性传播疾病,口服米诺环素可作为替代治疗方案。

关键词：梅毒流行病学

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高分辨率超声及弹性成像在评价普萘洛尔治疗婴幼儿特殊部位血管瘤疗效中的价值

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放射学实践 2018年第5期33卷 515-519页

作者：刘浩朱善良陈俊张倩叶新华南京医科大学附属儿童医院超声诊断科南京210008 南京医科大学第一附属医院超声诊断科南京210029

目的:探讨高分辨率超声及弹性成像在评价普萘洛尔治疗婴幼儿特殊部位血管瘤疗效中的临床应用价值。方法:50例婴幼儿特殊部位血管瘤患儿口服普萘洛尔进行治疗,分别于治疗前、治疗后1个月、3个月和6个月进行超声检查,采用相关指标监测瘤... 详细信息

目的:探讨高分辨率超声及弹性成像在评价普萘洛尔治疗婴幼儿特殊部位血管瘤疗效中的临床应用价值。方法:50例婴幼儿特殊部位血管瘤患儿口服普萘洛尔进行治疗,分别于治疗前、治疗后1个月、3个月和6个月进行超声检查,采用相关指标监测瘤体的动态变化,监测项目包括二维灰阶超声测量血管瘤纵径、横径及深度;彩色多普勒测量血管瘤内较大血管以及周围正常血管(颈总动脉)的直径及收缩期动脉峰值血流速度(PASV)、阻力指数(RI);弹性成像分析血管瘤瘤体的弹性分级及应变率比值。采用配对t检验进行治疗前、后相关指标的比较。结果:50例患儿中,37例治愈,12例明显好转,1例复发。治疗后瘤体纵径、横径、深度及体积分别较治疗前缩小58%、60%、69%及93%;治疗后瘤体血管直径、PASV及RI较治疗前分别减小64%、74%和增高43%;治疗中瘤体弹性应变率较治疗前减小35%,治疗前与治疗后瘤体弹性分级及应变率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:普萘洛尔治疗婴幼儿特殊部位血管瘤有效,而对周围正常血管无明显影响,高分辨率超声及弹性成像技术作为无创性检查可以较好地对普萘洛尔治疗血管瘤的效果进行随访评估,值得临床推广应用。

关键词：超声检查弹性成像技术血管瘤普萘洛尔

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Vector meson's spin alignments in high energy reactions

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 5-20页

作者： Jin-Hui chen Zuo-Tang liang Yu-Gang Ma Xin-Li Sheng Qun Wang Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan University Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE)Shandong University INFN-Firenze Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China School of Mechanics and Physics Anhui University of Science and Technology

The global spin alignment of vector mesons has been observed by the STAR collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider （RHIC） at Brookhaven National Laboratory （BNL）.It provides a unique opportunity to probe the correlation between the polarized quark and antiquark in the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma （sQGP） produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions,opening a new window to explore the properties of s *** addition,spin alignments of vector mesons have also been observed in other high-energy particle collisions such as e+e-annihilations at high energies where hadron production is dominated by quark fragmentation *** results obtained are quite different from those obtained in heavy ion collisions where quark coalescence/combination mechanism dominates suggesting strong dependence on hadronization *** comprehensive studies in different hadronization processes are *** this article,we present a brief review of theoretical and experimental advances in the study of vector meson’s spin alignments in a variety of high-energy particle collisions,with emphasis on hadronization mechanisms.

关键词： vector meson spin alignment global polarization relativistic heavy ion collisions fragmentation

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Characteristic changes in astrocyte properties during astrocyte-to-neuron conversion induced by NeuroD1/Ascl1/Dlx2

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1801-1815页

作者： Qing He Zhen Wang Yuchen Wang Mengjie Zhu Zhile liang Kanghong Zhang Yuge Xu Gong chen GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Direct in vivo conversion of astrocytes into functional new neurons induced by neural transcription factors has been recognized as a potential new therapeutic intervention for neural injury and degenerative disorders. However, a few recent studies have claimed that neural transcription factors cannot convert astrocytes into neurons, attributing the converted neurons to pre-existing neurons mis-expressing transgenes. In this study, we overexpressed three distinct neural transcription factors––NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2––in reactive astrocytes in mouse cortices subjected to stab injury, resulting in a series of significant changes in astrocyte properties. Initially, the three neural transcription factors were exclusively expressed in the nuclei of astrocytes. Over time, however, these astrocytes gradually adopted neuronal morphology, and the neural transcription factors was gradually observed in the nuclei of neuron-like cells instead of astrocytes. Furthermore,we noted that transcription factor-infected astrocytes showed a progressive decrease in the expression of astrocytic markers AQP4(astrocyte endfeet signal), CX43(gap junction signal), and S100β. Importantly, none of these changes could be attributed to transgene leakage into preexisting neurons. Therefore, our findings suggest that neural transcription factors such as NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2 can effectively convert reactive astrocytes into neurons in the adult mammalian brain.

关键词： aquaporin-4 Ascl1 astrocyte cortex Dlx2 gap junction glia-to-neuron conversion neural regeneration NeuroD1 reprogramming

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