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Nano-effect enhanced cooperative luminescence of Yb^(3+) clusters in bulk materials

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 473-478,I0002页

作者： Daguang Li Jiahao Cui Yanhui Dong hao Cui Dan Zhao Weiping qin State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China

In order to improve the multi-ion cooperative transition, we proposed and exploited a novel nanoscale effect, namely the nanoshell effect in bulk materials. Based on the effect, an optimal material structure was designed by coating the surfaces of Ca F_(2):Yb^(3+)micron size particles with ZrO_(2). An about 2 times higher intensity of cooperative luminescence is observed upon laser excitation at 980 nm. Dynamical analysis exhibits that the novel effect plays a key role in improving the performance of cooperative transitions. Our results also suggest that the nanoshell effect in bulk materials is likely to be significant in some special cases, which have not been reported yet in the literature.

关键词： Yb^(3+)cluster ZrO_(2) Nanoshell Enhancement Cooperative luminescence Rare earths

A crosstalk-free dual-mode sweat sensing system for naked-eye sweat loss quantification via changes in structural reflectance

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第4期7卷 428-438页

作者： Bowen Zhong hao Xu Xiaokun qin Lingchen Liu Hailong Wang Lili Wang State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Sweat loss monitoring is important for understanding the body’s thermoregulation and hydration status,as well as for comprehensive sweat *** recent advances,developing a low-cost,scalable,and universal method for the fabrication of colorimetric microfluidics designed for sweat loss monitoring remains *** this study,we propose a novel laserengraved surface roughening strategy for various flexible *** process permits the construction of microchannels that show distinct structural reflectance changes before and after sweat *** leveraging these unique optical properties,we have developed a fully laser-engraved microfluidic device for the quantification of naked-eye sweat *** sweat loss sensor is capable of a volume resolution of 0.5µL and a total volume capacity of 11µL,and can be customized to meet different performance ***,we report the development of a crosstalk-free dual-mode sweat microfluidic system that integrates an Ag/AgCl chloride sensor and a matching wireless measurement flexible printed circuit *** integrated system enables the real-time monitoring of colorimetric sweat loss signals and potential ion concentration signals without ***,we demonstrate the potential practical use of this microfluidic sweat loss sensor and its integrated system for sports medicine via on-body studies.

关键词： Sweat loss sensor Microfluidic design Structural reflectance Dual-mode integration Crosstalk-free

Effect of the vortical structures on the hydrodynamic performance of a pitching hydrofoil

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第2期36卷 406-420页

作者： Rui Yuan Hui-yun hao qin Wu Yun-qing Liu Biao Huang School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

The objective is to study the vortical structural behaviors of a transient pitching hydrofoil and their effects on the hydrodynamic performance. The pitching motion of the hydrofoil is set to pitch up with an almost constant rate from 5° to 15° and then back to 5°, with the Reynolds number 4.4×10^(5) and the frequency 2 Hz. The results show that the main coherent structures around the pitching hydrofoil include small-scale laminar separation bubble (LSB), large-scale second vortex (SV) and trailing edge vortex (TEV) which are all vortical. The relationship between the vortical structure and the lift is investigated with the finite-domain impulse theory. It indicates that the major part of the lift is contributed by the LSB, whereas the shedding and the formation of the SV and TEV cause the fluctuation of the lift. The proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method is applied to capture the most energetic modes, revealing that the LSB mode occupies a large amount of energy in the flow field. The dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) method accurately extracts the dominant frequency and modal characteristics, with the first mode corresponding to the mean flow, the second mode corresponding to the LSB structure and the third and fourth modes corresponding to the vortex shedding.

关键词： Hydrodynamics vortical structures finite-domain impulse theory proper orthogonal decomposition(POD) dynamic mode decomposition(DMD) Pitching hydrofoil

Enhanced Sensing Mechanism Based on Shifting an Exceptional Point

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Research 2024年第3期6卷 285-292页

作者： Xuan Mao Guo-qing qin hao Zhang Bo-Yang Wang Dan Long Gui-qin Li Gui-Lu Long Department of Physics State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement The Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation(CASIC)Beijing 100854China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 21111China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

Non-Hermitian systems associated with exceptional points (EPs) are expected to demonstrate a giant response enhancement for various sensors. The widely investigated enhancement mechanism based on diverging from an EP should destroy the EP and further limits its applications for multiple sensing scenarios in a time sequence. To break the above limit, here, we proposed a new enhanced sensing mechanism based on shifting an EP. Different from the mechanism of diverging from an EP, our scheme is an EP nondemolition and the giant enhancement of response is acquired by a slight shift of the EP along the parameter axis induced by perturbation. The new sensing mechanism can promise the most effective response enhancement for all sensors in the case of multiple sensing in a time sequence. To verify our sensing mechanism, we construct a mass sensor and a gyroscope with concrete physical implementations. Our work will deepen the understanding of EP-based sensing and inspire designing various high-sensitivity sensors in different physical systems.

关键词： mechanism shifting exceptional

Numerical analysis of the correlation between fluid dynamic modes and hydrodynamic noise in flows around a three-dimensional circular cylinder

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 119-129页

作者： Jia-jia qin Ming-xin Zou Yuan Zhuang De-cheng Wan Computational Marine Hydrodynamics Lab(CMHL) School of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute Wuhan430205China

The flow around a circular cylinder for Re=1000 is characterized by flow separation and Karman vortex *** typical flow features can be captured to study the correlation between fluid fields and sound *** this paper,the three-dimensional circular cylinder is taken as the research object,and the probes of surface fluctuating pressure and far field sound pressure are arranged every 10°.The directional diagram and the coherence of fluctuating pressure and sound pressure are *** relationship between the flow mode and hydrodynamic noise is studied by using dynamic mode decomposition(DMD).The characteristics of the dipole and quadrupole sound source term of a long span cylinder are *** results show that at the angles between 30°–120°and 190°–350°,the fluctuating pressure contributes more to the generation of dipole *** quadrupole sound source shows three-dimensional effects,which is more obvious in a cylinder with large spanwise length.

关键词： Pressure coherence dynamic mode decomposition flow-sound correlation circular cylinder

Pufferfish gasdermin Ea is a significant player in the defense against bacterial pathogens

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第3期6卷 462-474页

作者： Hang Xu Kunpeng qin Kangwei hao Zihao Yuan Li Sun CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Institute of OceanologyCAS Center for Ocean Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China School of Marine Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266400China

Gasdermins(GSDMs)are proteins cleaved by caspase(CASP)to trigger *** teleosts,pyroptosis is mediated by gasdermin E(GSDME).The Pufferfish,Takifugu rubripes,possesses two GSDME orthologs:named TrGSDMEa and *** is cleaved by CASP3/7 to liberate the N-terminal(NT)domain that can trigger pyroptosis in mammalian ***,the biological function of TrGSDMEa in pufferfish is unknown,and TrGSDMEb is poorly *** found that TrGSDMEb was cleaved by CASP1/3/6/7/8,but the resulting NT domain,despite its similarity to TrGSDMEa-NT domain in sequence and structure,failed to induce *** and TrGSDMEb exhibited similar expression patterns in pufferfish under normal physiological conditions but were up-and downregulated,respectively,in expression during Vibrio harveyi and Edwardsiella tarda *** infection induced the activation of TrGSDMEa and CASP3/7 in pufferfish cells,resulting in pyroptosis accompanied with IL-1βproduction and *** of TrGSDMEa-mediated pyroptosis via TrCASP3/7 reduced the death of pufferfish cells and augmented bacterial dissemination in fish ***-oriented mutagenesis identified 16 conserved residues in teleost GSDMEa that were required for the pore formation or auto-inhibition of *** study illustrates the role of GSDMEa-mediated pyroptosis in teleost defense against bacterial pathogens and provides new insights into the structure-based function of vertebrate GSDME.

关键词： GSDME Caspase Takifugu rubripes Bacterial infection Immune defense

Indium-based electrocatalysts for CO_(2) reduction to C1 products

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 134-145页

作者： qin cheng Ming Huang qingqing Ye Bangwei Deng Fan Dong Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental&Energy Technology Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou)&Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou 313000China Suzhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of Zhejiang University Suzhou 215163China

Electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction at mild conditions is a promising strategy to transform greenhouse gases into fuels or value-added chemicals to solve the increasingly serious environmental and energy *** most crucial factor in determining the CO_(2) reduction performance is to develop efficient electrocatalysts with high selectivity and *** the various electrocatalysts,indium-based catalysts have attracted extensive attention due to their non-toxicity,low cost,and high formic acid/formate *** this work,we comprehensively review the recent development and research progress of indium-based electrocatalysts for CO_(2)*** reaction mechanism,reaction pathways,structure-activity relationship,and strategies to enhance the activity of CO_(2)RR on indium-based catalysts have also been briefly presented and ***,the existing challenges and future developments for indium-based highperformance catalysts for CO_(2)RR are proposed.

关键词： Electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction In-based catalysts Formate Reaction mechanism Structure-activity relationship

Thermal runaway evolution of a 280 Ah lithium-ion battery with LiFePO_(4) as the cathode for different heat transfer modes constructed by mechanical abuse

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 32-45,I0002页

作者： Zhixiang cheng chengdong Wang Wenxin Mei Peng qin Junyuan Li qingsong Wang State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina

Lithium iron phosphate batteries have been increasingly utilized in recent years because their higher safety performance can improve the increasing trend of recurring thermal runaway ***,the safety performance and mechanism of high-capacity lithium iron phosphate batteries under internal short-circuit challenges remain to be *** work analyzes the thermal runaway evolution of high-capacity LiFePO_(4) batteries under different internal heat transfer modes,which are controlled by different penetration *** penetration cases involving complete penetration and incomplete penetration were detected during the test,and two modes were performed incorporating nails that either remained or were removed after penetration to comprehensively reveal the thermal runaway mechanism.A theoretical model of microcircuits and internal heat conduction is also *** results indicated three thermal runaway evolution processes for high-capacity batteries,which corresponded to the experimental results of thermal equilibrium,single thermal runaway,and two thermal runaway *** difference in heat distribution in the three phenomena is determined based on the microstructure and material structure near the *** controlling the heat dissipation conditions,the time interval between two thermal runaway events can be delayed from 558 to 1417 s,accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of in-situ gas production during the second thermal runaway event.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery safety Micro short-circuit cell Heat transfer modes Internal short circuit Nail-penetration test

Hematite-facilitated microbial ammoxidation for enhanced nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 35-45页

作者： hao qin Wenbo Nie Duo Yi Dongxu Yang Mengli Chen Tao Liu Yi Chen Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment(Ministry of Education) Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China College of Environment and Ecology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Constructed wetlands(CWs)are widely applied for decentralized wastewater ***,achieving efficient removal of ammonia(NH+-N)has proven challenging due to insufficient *** this study,natural hematite(Fe,O3)was employed as a CW substrate(H-CWs)for the first time to drive anaerobic ammonia oxidation coupled with iron(I)reduction(Feammox).Compared to gravel constructed wetlands(G-CWs),ammonia removal was enhanced by 38.14%to 54.03%and nitrous oxide(N_(2)0)emissions were reduced by 34.60%in *** synergistic removal of ammonia and nitrate by H-CWs also resulted in the absence of ammoxidation *** and 15N isotope tracer incubations showed that Feammox accounting for approximately 40%of all ammonia removal in the *** enrichment of iron phosphate(Fe_(3)Fe_(4)(PO_(4))_(6))promoted the accumulation of the Feammox intermediate compound *** nanowires were observed on the surface of H-CW substrates as well,suggesting that the observed biological ammoxidation was most likely related to extracellular electron transfer(EET).Microbial and metagenomics analysis revealed that H-CWs elevated the integrity and enhanced the abundance of functional microorganisms and genes associated with nitrogen ***,the efficient ammonia removal in the absence of O2 together with a reduction in N_(2)O emissions as described in this study may provide useful guidance for hematite-mediated anaerobic ammonia removal in CWs.

关键词： Constructed wetlands Nitrogen removal Feammox Hematite Iron cycle