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Isobaric enzymatic assays reveal depth-dependent variation in microbial ectoenzyme activities in the deepest ocean on Earth

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 185-194页

作者： Junwei CAO Jiahua WANG Hongge zhang Junhao DENG Binbin PAN Jiawang CHEN Li zhang Jiasong FANG College of Oceanography and Ecological Science Shanghai Ocean University Ocean College Zhejiang University Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

Microbial ectoenzymes play essential roles in the transformation and mineralization of organic matter in the ***, conventional methods for measuring microbial ectoenzyme activities(MEAs) in the deep ocean under atmospheric conditions can misrepresent the metabolic activities of indigenous microbial communities. To overcome this limitation, we measured the activities of three microbial ectoenzymes(aminopeptidase, α-glucosidase, and β-glucosidase) under both atmospheric and in situ pressure conditions in seawater collected using pressure-retaining and non-pressure-retaining samplers in the Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench. In the case of aminopeptidase and α-glucosidase, the highest isobaric MEAs were observed in the surface layer(50 m), followed by those at abyssopelagic depths(4,000–6,000 m) for aminopeptidase, hadal realm(10,903 m)for α-glucosidase, while β-glucosidase activity exhibited the highest value at 10,903 m. Furthermore, the isobaric MEAs in hadal waters were commonly found to be higher than the decompressed counterparts, highlighting the importance of pressure-retaining sampling and isobaric enzymatic assays. The half-saturation constant(Km) showed a general decreasing trend with depth,suggesting that the deep ocean microbes might have adapted to the high-pressure and oligotrophic environment by increasing their ectoenzyme's affinity to substrate. Furthermore, particle-free MEAs contribute more to the total MEAs in the deep ocean than particle-associated MEAs, suggesting the significance of cell-associated and dissolved ectoenzymes in ocean *** study provides a foundation for future investigations of MEAs in the ocean and has important implications for understanding the dynamics of microbially mediated biogeochemical cycling in marine ecosystems.

关键词： Pressure-retaining sampling Microbial ectoenzyme activity Deep-sea microbes High pressure Mariana Trench

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DDoS Attack Autonomous Detection Model Based on Multi-Strategy Integrate Zebra Optimization Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 645-674页

作者： Chunhui Li Xiaoying Wang Qingjie zhang Jiaye Liang Aijing zhang School of Information Engineering Institute of Disaster PreventionLangfang065201China Langfang Key Laboratory of Network Emergency Protection and Network Security Langfang065201China

Previous studies have shown that deep learning is very effective in detecting known ***,when facing unknown attacks,models such as Deep Neural Networks(DNN)combined with Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)combined with LSTM,and so on are built by simple stacking,which has the problems of feature loss,low efficiency,and low ***,this paper proposes an autonomous detectionmodel for Distributed Denial of Service attacks,Multi-Scale Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units-Single Headed Attention(MSCNN-BiGRU-SHA),which is based on a Multistrategy Integrated Zebra Optimization Algorithm(MI-ZOA).The model undergoes training and testing with the CICDDoS2019 dataset,and its performance is evaluated on a new GINKS2023 *** hyperparameters for Conv_filter and GRU_unit are optimized using the Multi-strategy Integrated Zebra Optimization Algorithm(MIZOA).The experimental results show that the test accuracy of the MSCNN-BiGRU-SHA model based on the MIZOA proposed in this paper is as high as 0.9971 in the CICDDoS 2019 *** evaluation accuracy of the new dataset GINKS2023 created in this paper is *** to the MSCNN-BiGRU-SHA model based on the Zebra Optimization Algorithm(ZOA),the detection accuracy on the GINKS2023 dataset has improved by 5.81%,precisionhas increasedby 1.35%,the recallhas improvedby 9%,and theF1scorehas increasedby 5.55%.Compared to the MSCNN-BiGRU-SHA models developed using Grid Search,Random Search,and Bayesian Optimization,the MSCNN-BiGRU-SHA model optimized with the MI-ZOA exhibits better performance in terms of accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score.

关键词： Distributed denial of service attack intrusion detection deep learning zebra optimization algorithm multi-strategy integrated zebra optimization algorithm

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Integrated Equipment with Functions of Current Flow Control and Fault Isolation for Multiterminal DC Grids

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 85-99页

作者： Shuo zhang Guibin Zou School of Electrical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan250061China Suzhou Research Institute Shandong UniversitySuzhou215123China

The multi-terminal direct current(DC)grid has extinctive superiorities over the traditional alternating current system in integrating large-scale renewable *** the DC circuit breaker(DCCB)and the current flow controller(CFC)are demanded to ensure the multiterminal DC grid to operates reliably and ***,since the CFC and the DCCB are all based on fully controlled semiconductor switches(e.g.,insulated gate bipolar transistor,integrated gate commutated thyristor,etc.),their separation configuration in the multiterminal DC grid will lead to unaffordable implementation costs and conduction power *** solve these problems,integrated equipment with both current flow control and fault isolation abilities is proposed,which shares the expensive and duplicated components of CFCs and DCCBs among adjacent *** addition,the complicated coordination control of CFCs and DCCBs can be avoided by adopting the integrated equipment in themultiterminal DC *** order to examine the current flow control and fault isolation abilities of the integrated equipment,the simulation model of a specific meshed four-terminal DC grid is constructed in the PSCAD/EMTDC ***,the comparison between the integrated equipment and the separate solution is presented a specific result or conclusion needs to be added to the abstract.

关键词： Integrated equipment multiterminal direct current grid current flow control fault isolation

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淤地坝溃坝风险性评估综述

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灾害学 2025年第1期40卷 123-128,134页

作者：黄波张耀南中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院兰州甘肃730000 中国科学院大学北京1000493 国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心兰州甘肃730000 甘肃省科学数据总中心兰州甘肃730000

淤地坝作为一种关键的防灾减灾设施,对于粮食生产、水资源保持和洪水控制等方面发挥着至关重要的作用。上世纪六七十年代修建的大部分淤地坝面临淤满失效问题,突发的暴雨、地震等自然灾害将极大概率引起溃决,从而导致引发更为严重的次... 详细信息

淤地坝作为一种关键的防灾减灾设施,对于粮食生产、水资源保持和洪水控制等方面发挥着至关重要的作用。上世纪六七十年代修建的大部分淤地坝面临淤满失效问题,突发的暴雨、地震等自然灾害将极大概率引起溃决,从而导致引发更为严重的次生灾害。该文通过梳理黄土高原淤地坝溃坝风险性评价文献,总结了现有淤地坝溃坝风险性评价方法。结果表明,传统淤地坝风险性评价方法对影响因素数据的依赖程度很高;选取评价因子及其权重赋予存在较强的主观经验性;缺乏大范围的风险评估。因此,该文建议整合数据驱动模型的研究思路,利用多源数据,区域尺度上开展淤地坝溃坝风险性评价,为相关部门提供更可靠的决策支持,及具有提高防灾减灾能力实践意义。

关键词：淤地坝溃坝数据工程风险性评价

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Aperiodically semi-intermittent-based fixed-time stabilization and synchronization of delayed discontinuous inertial neural networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 238-254页

作者： Guodong zhang Jinde CAO School of Mathematics and Statistics South-Central Minzu University School of Mathematics Southeast University

This article concentrates on the fixed-time stabilization(FS) and fixed-time synchronization(FTS) of discontinuous inertial neural networks(DINNs) with distributed delays. Using mathematical induction to a new differential equality, a novel fixed-time stability lemma is constructed. Then, by designing an aperiodically semi-intermittent switching control and combining it with the theory of nonsmooth analysis, some novel criteria on the FS and FTS of DINNs are obtained. Unlike the methods used in most existing studies, the FS and FTS results are structured using the newly proposed fixed-time stability lemma and the nonreduced-order approach, resulting in broader practical applications and strengthening the scientific quality of the derived results. Lastly, numerical simulations and applications proffer the effectiveness of the established FS and FTS criteria.

关键词： inertial neural networks fixed-time synchronization semi-intermittent switching control nonreduced-order approach fixed-time stabilization

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Targeting Epac2 and GluA3-containing AMPARs:a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3223-3224页

作者： Tong zhang Martina Schmidt Department of Molecular Pharmacology Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands School of Pharmacy Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease that manifests progressive decline in memory and *** the early stage of AD,memory retrieval is impaired preceding memory acquisition and consolidation(Roy et al.,2016).Prior to the onset of symptoms,pathological amyloid-β(Aβ)plagues and tau protein tangles accumulate in extracellular and intracellular spaces,respectively,leading to *** these hallmark pathologies,Aβ is proposed to be the primary etiology by triggering a cascade of pathogenic events,including neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,tau hyperphosphorylation,synaptic/neuronal dysfunction,and neuronal death(zhang et al.,2023b).

关键词： Alzheimer impaired Aβ

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缺氧诱导因子1α、2α和血管内皮生长因子在食管鳞癌中的表达

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胃肠病学 2004年第6期9卷 335-339页

作者：施瑞华朱宏张国新凌亭生郝波王红娣张智弘张伟明南京医科大学第一附属医院消化内科 210029 南京医科大学第一附属医院病理科 210029

背景:食管癌是一种常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,血管生成在食管鳞癌的发生、发展中具有重要作用。缺氧诱导因子(HIF)鄄1α、HIF鄄2α是机体对缺氧适应性调节中的重要调控蛋白,在大多数恶性肿瘤中有表达,可通过调节血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表... 详细信息

背景:食管癌是一种常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,血管生成在食管鳞癌的发生、发展中具有重要作用。缺氧诱导因子(HIF)鄄1α、HIF鄄2α是机体对缺氧适应性调节中的重要调控蛋白,在大多数恶性肿瘤中有表达,可通过调节血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达诱导肿瘤血管生成。目的:探讨食管鳞癌组织中HIF鄄1α、HIF鄄2α、VEGF的表达和微血管密度(MVD)之间的关系及其与肿瘤临床病理特征之间的关系。方法:应用免疫组化方法分别检测62例食管鳞癌、40例食管鳞状上皮异型增生和42例正常食管上皮组织中HIF鄄1α、HIF鄄2α、VEGF的表达和MVD值,分析其间的相关性及其与肿瘤临床病理特征之间的相关性。结果:食管鳞癌组织中HIF鄄1α、HIF鄄2α和VEGF的表达较异型增生和正常上皮组织显著增加(P<0.01),MVD值亦显著增高(P<0.01);且HIF鄄1α和VEGF的表达与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移和TNM分期呈正相关,HIF鄄1α和HIF鄄2α的表达与VEGF的表达和MVD值呈正相关。结论:HIF鄄1α、HIF鄄2α在食管鳞癌组织中存在一定程度的表达,其可能通过诱导VEGF的表达参与食管鳞癌的血管生成;HIF鄄1α、HIF鄄2α和VEGF的过度表达可能成为判断食管鳞癌生物学行为的重要指标。

关键词：表达 HIF-1α VEGF 食管鳞癌组织血管内皮生长因子 MVD 正常正相关增加发展

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Investigation of Anticorrosive Performance of Oil-infused Slippery and Superhydrophobic Brass Surfaces by Laser Texturing

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第5期18卷 1157-1167页

作者： Li zhang Chong zhang Jingrong Tang bo hao Mingyang Wang Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aeronautical Power Equipment of Ministry of Education Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004China

Brass is widely used in machinery,electronic appliances and emerging *** corrosion resistance of laser-induced superhydrophobic surface of brass needs to be *** recent years,bionic surface with slippery coating has attracted much attention because of its excellent corrosion inhibition ***,we first prepared the superhydrophobic surface of brass by nanosecond laser ablation combined with fluoroalkyl silane modification,and then injected silicone oil into the prepared superhydrophobic matrix to obtain a slippery coating *** and EIS tests in 3.5 wt.%NaCl solution showed that the corrosion resistance of the slippery surface was better than that of the superhydrophobic *** study can play a certain role in promoting the development of metal anticorrosive coating and is of great significance in the preparation of slippery surface by laser induction,and provides a convenient and eff ective means for metal anticorrosion in the industrial field.

关键词： Nanosecond laser Superhydrophobic Slippery surface Corrosion resistance

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Subretinal fibrosis secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration:mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 378-393页

作者： Jingxiang zhang Xia Sheng Quanju Ding Yujun Wang Jiwei Zhao Jingfa zhang Department of Ophthalmology People’s Hospital of Huangdao DistrictQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of Urology People’s Hospital of Huangdao DistrictQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital(Shanghai First People’s Hospital)Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina

Subretinal fibrosis is the end-stage sequelae of neovascular age-related macular *** causes local damage to photoreceptors,retinal pigment epithelium,and choroidal vessels,which leads to permanent central vision loss of patients with neovascular age-related macular *** pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis is complex,and the underlying mechanisms are largely ***,there are no effective treatment options.A thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis and its related mechanisms is important to elucidate its complications and explore potential *** current article reviews several aspects of subretinal fibrosis,including the current understanding on the relationship between neovascular age-related macular degeneration and subretinal fibrosis;multimodal imaging techniques for subretinal fibrosis;animal models for studying subretinal fibrosis;cellular and non-cellular constituents of subretinal fibrosis;pathophysiological mechanisms involved in subretinal fibrosis,such as aging,infiltration of macrophages,different sources of mesenchymal transition to myofibroblast,and activation of complement system and immune cells;and several key molecules and signaling pathways participating in the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis,such as vascular endothelial growth factor,connective tissue growth factor,fibroblast growth factor 2,platelet-derived growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β,transforming growth factor-βsignaling pathway,Wnt signaling pathway,and the axis of heat shock protein 70-Toll-like receptors 2/*** review will improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis,allow the discovery of molecular targets,and explore potential treatments for the management of subretinal fibrosis.

关键词： choroidal neovascularization epithelial-mesenchymal transition mesenchymal transition myofibroblast neovascular age-related macular degeneration submacular fibrosis subretinal fibrosis therapeutic targets transforming growth factor-β vascular endothelial growth factor

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利用HAS固化剂固化尾砂胶结充填的研究

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武汉理工大学学报 2009年第4期31卷 7-10页

作者：侯浩波张发文魏娜李红玲武汉大学资源与环境科学学院武汉430079

HAS固化剂是一种灰渣胶凝材料,它由矿渣及矿渣组合物为主体原料,配以适量的活化剂混合粉磨制成。利用HAS固化剂固化尾砂进行胶结充填,既可利用工业废渣,又能减少水泥的用量。室内试验结果表明HAS固化剂固结尾砂的效果远好于水泥,其5%掺... 详细信息

HAS固化剂是一种灰渣胶凝材料,它由矿渣及矿渣组合物为主体原料,配以适量的活化剂混合粉磨制成。利用HAS固化剂固化尾砂进行胶结充填,既可利用工业废渣,又能减少水泥的用量。室内试验结果表明HAS固化剂固结尾砂的效果远好于水泥,其5%掺量的充填体28 d无侧限抗压强度普遍高于10%掺量的水泥胶结体,而且掺入HAS固化剂有助于提高浆体的流动性。通过对比试验和微观测试,探讨分析了HAS固化剂固化尾砂的机理。

关键词： HAS固化剂尾砂胶结充填无侧限抗压强度

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