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Nondestructive technique for identifying nuclides using neutron resonance transmission analysis at CSNS Back-n

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 178-187页

作者： Sheng-Da Tang Yong-hao Chen Jing-yu Tang Rui-Rui Fan Qiang Li Gong Li Dong Liu Zheng-Yao Jin Xing-Zhu Cui Tian-Xiang Chen Yi-Wei Yang Rong Liu Han Yi Yang Li Zhen Yang Qi An hao-Fan Bai jiang-Bo Bai Jie Bao Ping Cao Qi-Ping Chen Zhen Chen Zeng-Qi Cui An-Chuan Fan Chang-Qing Feng Fan-Zhen Feng Ke-Qing Gao Min-hao Gu Chang-Cai Han Zi-Jie Han Guo-Zhu He Yong-Cheng He Yang Hong Yi-Wei Hu Han-Xiong Huang Wei-Hua Jia hao-yu jiang Wei jiang Zhi-jie jiang Ling Kang Bo Li Chao Li Jia-Wen Li Xiao Li Jie Liu Shu-Bin Liu Guang-yuan Luan Chang-Jun Ning Bin-Bin Qi Jie Ren Zhi-Zhou Ren Xi-Chao Ruan Zhao-Hui Song Kang Sun Zhi-Xin Tan Li-Jiao Wang Peng-Cheng Wang Zhao-Hui Wang Zhong-Wei Wen Xiao-Guang Wu Xuan Wu Li-Kun Xie Yong-Ji yu Guo-Hui Zhang Lin-hao Zhang Mo-Han Zhang Qi-Wei Zhang Xian-Peng Zhang yu-Liang Zhang yue Zhang Zhi-Yong Zhang Mao-yuan Zhao Lu-Ping Zhou Zhi-hao Zhou Ke-Jun Zhu Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute of High-Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China USTC Archaeometry Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an 710024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Nondestructive and noninvasive neutron assays are essential applications of neutron *** resonance transmission analysis(NRTA)is a powerful nondestructive method for investigating the elemental composition of an *** back-streaming neutron line(Back-n)is a newly built time-of-flight facility at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)that provides neutrons in the eV to 300 MeV range.A feasibility study of the NRTA method for nuclide identification was conducted at the CSNS Back-n via two test *** results demonstrate that it is feasible to identify different elements and isotopes in samples using the NRTA method at *** study reveals its potential future applications.

关键词： CSNS White neutron beam NRTA Nuclide identification Nondestructive method

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Study of the response of 10B-doped MCP to wide-energy range neutrons from eV to MeV

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 132-141页

作者： Qiang Li Li‑Jiao Wang Xiang‑Biao Qiu Jing‑Wen Li Wei Xu Tao Li Ze‑Bin Lin Chang‑Jun Ning Yong‑hao Chen Rui‑Rui Fan Kang Sun Jing‑yu Tang Rong Zhang Han‑Tao Jing Bo Mei Qi An hao‑Fan Bai jiang‑Bo Bai Jie Bao Ping Cao Qi‑Ping Chen Zhen Chen Zeng‑Qi Cui An‑Chuan Fan Chang‑Qing Feng Fan‑Zhen Feng Ke‑Qing Gao Min‑hao Gu Chang‑Cai Han Zi‑Jie Han Guo‑Zhu He Yong‑Cheng He Yang Hong Yi‑Wei Hu Han‑Xiong Huang Wei‑Hua Jia hao‑yu jiang Wei jiang Zhi‑Jie jiang Zheng‑Yao Jin Ling Kang Bo Li Chao Li Gong Li Jia‑Wen Li Xiao Li Yang Li Jie Liu Rong Liu Shu‑Bin Liu Guang‑yuan Luan Bin‑Bin Qi Jie Ren Zhi‑Zhou Ren Xi‑Chao Ruan Zhao‑Hui Song Zhi‑Xin Tan Sheng‑Da Tang Peng‑Cheng Wang Zhao‑Hui Wang Zhong‑Wei Wen Xiao‑Guang Wu Xuan Wu Li‑Kun Xie Yi‑Wei Yang Han Yi Yong‑Ji yu Guo‑Hui Zhang Lin‑hao Zhang Mo‑Han Zhang Qi‑Wei Zhang Xian‑Peng Zhang yu‑Liang Zhang yue Zhang Zhi‑Yong Zhang Mao‑yuan Zhao Lu‑Ping Zhou Zhi‑hao Zhou Ke‑Jun Zhu Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dongguan Songshan Lake Future School Dongguan 523808China North Night Vision Science&Technology(Nanjing)Research Institute Co.Ltd. Nanjing 211106China Sino‑French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China USTC Archaeometry Lab University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an 710024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Neutron-sensitive microchannel plates(nMCPs)have applications in neutron detection,including energy spectrum measurements,neutron-induced cross sections,and neutron imaging.10B-doped MCPs(B-MCPs)have attracted significant attention owing to their potential for exhibiting a high neutron detection efficiency over a large neutron energy *** spatial and temporal resolutions are useful for neutron energy-resolved ***,their practical applications still face many technical *** this study,a B-MCP with 10 mol%10B was tested for its response to wide-energy neutrons from eV to MeV at the Back-n white neutron source at the China Spallation Neutron *** neutron detection efficiency was calibrated at 1 eV,which is approximately 300 times that of an ordinary MCP and indicates the success of 10 B *** factors that caused the reduction in the detection efficiency were simulated and *** neutron energy spectrum obtained using B-MCP was compared with that obtained by other measurement methods,and showed very good consistency for neutron energies below tens of *** response is more complicated at higher neutron energy,at which point the elastic and nonelastic reactions of all nuclides of B-MCP gradually become *** is beneficial for the detection of neutrons,as it compensates for the detection efficiency of B-MCP for high-energy neutrons.

关键词： Neutron radiation image 10B-doped MCP Neutron response Wide-energy range neutrons

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长江江豚保护进展的回顾性分析及进一步保护建议

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水生生物学报 2024年第6期48卷 1065-1072页

作者：郝玉江唐斌梅志刚郑劲松王克雄王丁中国科学院水生生物研究所武汉430072

2023年2月28日,农业农村部正式公布了2022年长江江豚(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis a.)科学考察结果,其种群数量为1249头。这与2017年科学考察结果相比^([1]),长江江豚自然种群数量出现了明显增长,5年间增长了23.4%,这也是自20世纪90年... 详细信息

2023年2月28日,农业农村部正式公布了2022年长江江豚(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis a.)科学考察结果,其种群数量为1249头。这与2017年科学考察结果相比^([1]),长江江豚自然种群数量出现了明显增长,5年间增长了23.4%,这也是自20世纪90年代初首次有完整统计数据以来,长江江豚种群在经历了30多年快速衰退后首次实现历史性止跌回升(图1)。

关键词：长江江豚保护进展科学考察统计数据种群数量

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Simulation method for measurement of the cross-section of the^(14)N(n,a)^(11)B reaction using a gridded ionization chamber

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第8期32卷 1-11页

作者： Yi-Wei Hu hao-yu jiang Zeng-Qi Cui Jie Liu hao-Fan Bai Huai-Yong Bai Jin-Xiang Chen Guo-Hui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Institute of Heavy lon PhysicsSchool of Physics.PekingUniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Materials China Academy of EngineeringPhysicsJiangyou 621907China

A simulation method for measurement of the cross-section of the^(14)N(n,a)^(11)B reaction with gas and solid samples using a gridded ionization chamber(GIC)has been *** the simulation,the experimental spectra of both^(14)N(n,a)^(11)B events and background from other reactions can be predicted,and the experimental scheme can be *** to the simulation results,the optimal experimental parameters,including the pressure of the working gas and the compositions of the working gas and the sample,can be *** addition,the simulation results can be used to determine the valid event area and calculate the detection efficiency for valid events.A measurement of the cross-sections of the^(14)N(n,a)^(11)B reaction at E_(n)=4.25,4.50,4.75,5.00,5.25,and 5.50 MeV,based on the 4.5-MV Van de Graff accelerator at Peking University(PKU)using a GIC as the detector for the outgoing a particles,has been *** good agreement of the spectra from the simulation and experiment demonstrated the universality of this simulation method,which can be used to accurately measure neutroninduced light-charged particle emission reactions.

关键词： Gridded ionization chamber Monte Carlo simulation Cathode–anode two-dimensional spectrum ^(14)N(n,a)^(11)B reaction

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Primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from false vacuum islands

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期67卷 58-72页

作者： Rong-Gen Cai yu-Shi hao Shao-jiang Wang School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Recently,much attention has been focused on the false vacuum islands that are flooded by an expanding ocean of true-vacuum bubbles slightly later than most of the other parts of the *** delayed decay regions will accumulate locally larger vacuum energy density by staying in the false vacuum longer than those already transited into the true vacuum.A false vacuum island with thus acquired density contrast of a super-horizon size will evolve locally from radiation dominance to vacuum dominance,creating a local baby Universe that can be regarded effectively as a local closed *** such density contrasts of super-horizon sizes can ever grow large enough to exceed the threshold of gravitational collapse,primordial black holes will form similar to those collapsing curvature perturbations on super-horizon scales induced by small-scale enhancements during *** not,such density contrasts can still induce curvature perturbations potentially observable *** this paper,we revisit and elaborate on the generations of primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from delayed-decayed false vacuum islands during asynchronous first-order phase transitions with fitting formulas convenient for future model-independent studies.

关键词： first-order phase transitions primordial black holes curvature perturbations

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Status and trends of carbon emissions research at the county level in China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 338-352页

作者： Ang-Zu CAI Ru GUO yu-hao ZHANG jiang WU College of Environmental Science and Engineering Institute of Environmental Planning and ManagementTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Megacity Elaborated Urban Governance Institute Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

This study provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges to achieving carbon neutrality at the county level in China and offers targeted recommendations,laying the groundwork for future specialized research in this area.A total of 283 relevant studies(2004-2023)were analyzed to assess county-level carbon emissions through three phases:bibliometric analysis,frontier analysis,and future *** findings reveal that publication trends were largely influenced by domestic and foreign *** cluster discerns ten primary themes,ranging from conceptual frameworks to research *** frontier analysis of the literature highlights the leading research areas,which include carbon neutrality pathway,driving factors,spatiotemporal variation of carbon emissions,the co-effects of pollutants and carbon reduction,and carbon emissions in China's rural *** from the results of bibliometric and frontier analyses,this study elucidates the recommendations for achieving carbon neutrality at the county level from three perspectives:effective regional policy guidance,emphasis on ecological conservation,and the deployment of advanced carbon reduction and sequestration *** study enriches the body of knowledge on carbon emissions at the county level and holds significant implications for China's comprehensive push towards achieving its carbon neutrality objectives.

关键词： Carbon emissions Emission reduction County Carbon neutrality Sustainability

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A newly unraveled 13.6-year oscillation from GPS displacements and its potential implications for the dynamic reference frame

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3204-3212页

作者： hao DING Weiping jiang School of Geodesy and Geomatics Hubei Luojia LaboratoryWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China GNSS Research Center Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China

Numerous practical geodetic and geophysical applications necessitate precise measurements of GNSS displacements at the millimeter or sub-millimeter level. To attain such precision, it is imperative to identify and analyze the unidentified decadal signals inherent in the GPS displacements. In this research, we employ the optimal sequence estimation method to effectively detect an about 13.6-year oscillational signal with an excited amplitude of 3.6±1.2 mm in the U-components of the GPS displacements. It is noteworthy that this signal demonstrates a consistent spatial pattern characterized by the spherical harmonic Y_(2,-2). We conduct a comparative analysis with the 13.6-year oscillation observed in length-of-day variations(and geomagnetic records), finding that they are in reverse phase. After eliminating the Earth's external excitation sources through the utilization of two distinct in-situ hydrological records, we suggest that the 13.6-year GPS signal may come from the internal motions within the Earth. However, the specific excitation source and the detailed physical mechanism remain uncertain. Additionally, we develop a mathematical displacement model to explain the 13.6-year signal. Our findings indicate that this signal can result in displacements of up to 1.37 mm and velocity effects of 0.63 mm/yr(for U-component) at maximum. These results underscore the necessity of incorporating this 13.6-year signal into the construction and maintenance of a dynamic reference frame at the millimeter level.

关键词： GPS displacements Decadal changes 13.6-year oscillation Displacement model Dynamic reference frame

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On-surface photo-induced dechlorination

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 198-201页

作者： yu He hao jiang Shaoxuan yuan Jiayi Lu Qiang Sun Materials Genome Institute Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

On-surface Ullmann-type reaction,or the dehalogenated coupling,is arguably the most pivotal reaction in on-surface synthesis for the fabrications of carbon ***,the vast majority of works rely on activating the C-Br bond of aryl bromide which has a moderate bond dissociation *** C-Cl bond of aryl chloride has a higher dissociation energy and requires much higher thermal energy to break the *** this study,we have explored the on-surface photo-induced dechlorination and achieved the activation of three distinct aryl chlorines on the Au(111)surface with mild *** work enriches our understanding of on-surface photo-induced reactions and highlights the potential of photochemistry in realizing unconventional reactions.

关键词： On-surface synthesis Scanning probe microscopy On-surface photochemistry Dechlorination reaction

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Direct ink writing of multifunctional gratings with gel-like MXene/norepinephrine ink for dynamic electromagnetic interference shielding and patterned Joule heating

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1585-1594页

作者： Pei-Zhu jiang Zhiming Deng Peng Min Lvxuan Ye Cheng-Zhang Qi hao-yu Zhao Ji Liu hao-Bin Zhang Zhong-Zhen yu Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China School of Chemistry CRANN and AMBERTrinity College DublinDublin D02PN40Ireland

Intelligent electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding modulators with a wide tuning range and cyclic stability are urgently needed but their fabrication remains challenging.A gel-like MXene/norepinephrine ink is developed and multifunctional MXene gratings with wide EMI shielding effectiveness(SE)tuning range,superior reversibility,and high mechanical flexibility are constructed by direct ink writing approach for dynamic EMI shielding and patterned Joule heating *** modulable MXene/norepinephrine grating with a high conductivity of 3510 S·cm-1 can conveniently realize the seamless modulation of the EMI SE by adjusting the angle between the MXene grating filaments and the electric field of the incident electromagnetic waves,offering highly reversible switching between shielding“On”(28.0 dB)and“Off”(0.5 dB)***,due to the optimized integration of the MXene ink and the rationally designed pattern,a superior specific EMI SE of 95,688.2 dB·cm^(2)·g^(-1) is achieved in the“On”***,the MXene/norepinephrine ink can be used to fabricate many complex patterned gratings with superior stability,instant responsibility,and superb mechanical flexibility,exhibiting a unique patterned Joule heating *** writing of multifunctional gratings paves a means for developing intelligent EMI shielding materials,wearable electronic devices,and advanced thermal management materials.

关键词： MXene ink direct ink writing electromagnetic interference shielding multifunctional gratings Joule heating

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Propeller-shaped NI isomers of cathode interfacial material for efficient organic solar cells

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1564-1570页

作者： hao Liu Jilei jiang Shuixing Dai Liangmin yu Xu Zhang Xianbiao Hou Ke Gao Heqing jiang Minghua Huang School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266100China Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Qingdao Key Laboratory of Functional Membrane Material and Membrane Technology Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China

Cathode interfacial materials(CIMs)stand as critical elemental in organic solar cells(OSCs),which can align energy levels,and foster ohmic contacts between the cathode and active layer of the ***,the lagging advancement in CIMs has concurrently engendered the oversight of theoretical inquiries pertaining to the impact of molecular structure on their *** into this realm,we present two propeller-shaped isomers,4,4',4''-(benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b':5,6-b'']trithiophene-2,5,8-triyl)tris(2-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione)(3ONIN)and 6,6',6''-(benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b':5,6-b'']trithiophene-2,5,8-triyl)tris(2-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione)(3PNIN),distinguished by their molecular planarity,as a promising foundation for crafting highly efficient *** study illuminates the superiority of 3PNIN with more plane structure,exemplified by its enhanced molar extinction coefficient,deeper lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)and highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)energy levels,intensified self-doping effect,heightened electron mobility,and elevated conductivity,in comparison to its counterpart,*** a result,3PNIN and 3ONIN-treated OSC devices yield efficiencies of 17.73%and 16.82%,*** finding serves as a compelling validation of the critical role played by molecular planarity in influencing CIM performance.

关键词： propeller-shaped molecules naphthalimide(NI)isomers cathode interfacial materials organic solar cells

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