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Improved source assessment of Si,Al and related mineral components to pM_(10) based on a daily sampling procedure

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第4期22卷 582-588页

作者： Ge peng hans puxbaum Heidi Bauer Nicole Jankowski Yao Shi Chemical Engineering College Ningbo University of Technology Ningbo 315016 China. Institute for Chemical Technologies and Analytics Vienna University of Technology Vienna 1060 Austria College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Samples obtained from an industrialized valley in the East Alpine region were collected daily for a half year and analyzed using X-ray fluorescence to examine the elements Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Zn, p, S and Cl. Some factors affecting the changes of these elements were considered, including time, elemental correlations, weekday, weekend and seasonal changes. Diagnostic analysis provided an insight into a decoupling behavior that occursin siliceous and carbonates minerals. A decrease in Si and Al and an increase in carbonates, Na, K, Zn and p were observed during the cold season. However, a consistently high correlation of Si and Al was observed in all seasons. It was established that such high levels originated from street surface abrasion. The increase in variability and absolute levels of carbonates during the cold season was demonstrated by adding carbonates to the street surface as gritting material to increase the grip on snowy surfaces. A marked increase in Na and Cl was observed in winter which may have been caused by thaw salt that is widely used in winter in Austria. This was associated with a significant increase in K, Zn, and p in the cold season that was the result of domestic space heating with wood. pM10 levels in December were 12 μ/m^3 and were higher than levels detected in July. It was established that such high levels originated from mineral oxides, wood smoke, and inorganic ionic material（s）.

关键词： particulate matter pM10 mineral aerosol silicates carbonates street dust wood combustion thaw salt

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Functional oesophago-gastric junction imaging

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第18期12卷 2818-2824页

作者： Barry p McMahon Asbjφrn M Drewes hans Gregersen Department of Medical physics and Clinical Engineering Adelaide and Meath Hospital DublinIncorporating the National Children's HospitalTallaghtDublin 24Ireland Centre for Visceral Biomechanics & pain Aalborg HospitalAalborgDenmark

Despite its role in disease there is still no definitive method to assess oesophago-gastric junction competence （OGJ）. Traditionally the OGJ has been assessed using manometry with lower oesophageal sphincter pressure as the indicator. More recently this has been shown not to be a very reliable marker of sphincter function and competence against reflux. Disorders such as gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and to a lesser extend achalasia still effects a significant number of patients. This review looks at using a new technique known as impedance planimetry to profile the geometry and pressure in the OGJ during distension of a bag. The data gathered can be reconstructed into a dynamic representation of OGJ action. This has been shown to provide a useful representation of the OGJ and to show changes to the competence of the OGJ in terms of compliance and distensibility as a result of endoluminal therapy.

关键词： Oesophagogastric junction Lower oesophageal sphincter Competence Distensibility Functional imaging

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Linking monitoring and modelling for river basin management:Danish experience with combating nutrient loadings to the aquatic environment from point and non-point sources

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3335-3347页

作者： KRONVANG Brian WINDOLF JФrgen GRANT Ruth ANDERSEN hans E THODSEN hans OVESEN Niels B LARSEN SФren E National Environmental Research Institute Aarhus University VejlsФvej 25 DK-8600 Silkeborg Denmark

Nationwide monitoring of the aquatic environment was initiated in 1988 in Denmark as a means to follow the outcome of the Action plans for nutrient pollution of the aquatic environment. Five Action plans have been adopted by the Danish parliament since 1985 and the nationwide monitoring programme can be used to quantify the outcome as shown by reductions in nutrient discharges from both point and non-point sources. Moreover, the empirical experience gathered from nearly 20 years of monitoring is assisting the development and calibration of models for simulation of nitrogen leaching, nitrogen removal in groundwater and surface waters and the establishment of a p-index all covering the entire land area of Denmark.

关键词： nitrogen phosphorus monitoring data point sources non-point sources models Action plans Danish experience

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Severe chronic diarrhea and weight loss in cholesteryl ester storage disease: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第15期11卷 2364-2366页

作者： Uta Drebber Matthias Andersen hans U Kasper p.ter Lohse Manfred Stolte hans p Dienes Institute of pathology Department of Internal Medicine Department of Clinical Chemistry-Grosshadern

AIM: An inherited deficiency of human lysosomal acid lipase (LAL)results in the rare conditions of Wolman disease and cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD). We want to present the rare case of CESD in an ***: We report about an adult female patient with severe chronic diarrhea and weight loss as a consequence of CESD. Clinical examination revealed signs of malabsorption and slightly elevated liver ***: Histopathologic changes in the liver tissue and DNA sequence analysis confirmed the diagnosis of CESD due to homozygosity for the most common CESD mutation,a G934A splice site defect encoded by exon 8 of the lysosomal acid lipase (LIpA) ***: It is the first case in the literature with diarrhea as a putative symptom of CESD in adult patients.

关键词： CESD Acid esterase Hydrolase Liver biopsy pathology Diarrhea

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General Regulatory patterns of plant Mineral Nutrient Depletion as Revealed by serat Quadruple Mutants Disturbed in Cysteine Synthesis

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Molecular plant 2010年第2期3卷 438-466页

作者： Mutsumi Watanabe hans-Michael Hubberten Kazuki Saito Rainer Hoefgen Graduate School of pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan Max-planck-lnstitut fuer Molekulare pflanzenphysiologie Wissenschaftspark Golm Am Muehlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm RIKEN plant Science Center Tsurumi-ku Yokohama 230-0045 Japan

Sulfate is an essential macronutrient for plants. plants have developed strategies to cope with sulfate deficiency, and other nutrient ion limitations. However, the regulation of these adaptive responses and the coordinating signals that underlie them are still poorly characterized. O-acetylserine （OAS） is a marker metabolite of sulfate starvation and has been speculated to have a signaling function. OAS is synthesized by the enzyme serine acetyltransferase （SERAT）, which is encoded by five distinct genes in Arabidopsis. We investigated quadruple knockout mutants of SERAT that retained only one functional isoform. These mutants displayed symptoms of sulfate starvation. Furthermore, some of them displayed phenotypes typical of prolonged sulfate starvation, in particular, developmental programs associated with senescence or stress responses. Thus, we compared metabolite and transcriptome data from these mutants with N-, p-, K-, and S-depleted plants. This revealed many similarities with general nutrient-depletion-induced senescence （NuDIS）, in- dicating the recruitment of existing regulatory programs for nutrient-starvation responses. Several candidate genes that could be involved in these processes were identified, including transcription factors and other regulatory proteins, as well as the functional categories of their target genes. These results outline components of the regulatory network controlling plant development under sulfate stress, forming a basis for further investigations to elucidate the complete network. In turn, this will advance our broader understanding of plant responses to a range of other nutrient stresses.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress ion/metabolite sensing senescence functional genomics Arabidopsis sulfur.

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In the beginning,there was only bare regolith-then some plants arrived and changed the regolith

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Journal of plant Ecology 2020年第5期13卷 511-516页

作者： Jun Zhou Alejandra Zúñiga-Feest hans Lambers Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Laboratorio de Biología Vegetal Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y EvolutivasFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley(Perth)WA 6009Australia College of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of EducationChina Agricultural University100193 BeijingChina

pedogenesis along chronosequences has received attention from soil scientists for decades,following the pioneering work of Walker and Syers(1976),who showed a general pattern of the availability of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(p)subsequently confirmed for a range of chronosequences(Huggett 1998;Turner and Condron 2013;Vitousek and Farrington 1997).Much more recently,changes of plant nutrient-acquisition strategies with soil development have drawn attention,first with a conceptual model(Lambers et al.2008),which was subsequently confirmed with solid experimental data collected along the Jurien Bay chronosequence in south-western Australia(Zemunik et al.2015).The original conceptual model has since been amended,to explain why presumably less-effective mycorrhizal p-acquisition strategies coexist with more-effective strategies based on the release carboxylates(organic anions)(Lambers et al.2018).Mycorrhizas may not be effective at acquiring p from severely p-impoverished soils,but they do boost the defence against pathogens,which strongly affect the growth of non-mycorrhizal carboxylate-releasing proteaceae(Albornoz et al.2017;Lalibertéet al.2015).What has received little or no attention is the p-acquisition strategies of species that are the first to colonize the bare regolith of the earliest stage of chronosequences(Figs 1 and 2).When the soil p availability is relatively high such as along the Jurien Bay chronosequence(Turner et al.2018),there is little point searching for specialized strategies,but along many chronosequences,*** the case(Egli et al.2012;Richardson et al.2004;Zhou et al.2019).

关键词： soil fir Richardson

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Arsenic in Rice Soils and potential Agronomic Mitigation Strategies to Reduce Arsenic Bioavailability： A Review

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pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 363-382页

作者： Lalith D.B.SURIYAGODA Klaus DITterT hans LAMBERS Faculty of Agriculture University of Peradeniya Peradeniya 20400( Sri Lanka) Department of Crop Science Section of Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology University of Gottingen Gottingen 37075( Germany) School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009( Australia)

Soils used for rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivation in some areas contain high concentrations of arsenic （As）due to irrigation with groundwater containing As and intensive use of agrochemicals or industrial residues containing As. To restrict rice uptake of As in these soils, approaches to reduce As input and bioavailability must be considered. One approach to reduce As input into rice soils or uptake by rice is cultivating rice under aerobic, intermittent flooding, or alternate wetting and drying （AWD） conditions, rather than in submerged soils, or use of irrigation water low in As. For reducing As bioavailability in soil, aerobic or AWD rice culture and application of biochar, sulfur （S）, and/or rice polish to soil are promising. Moreover, use of As-hyperaecumulating plant species （e.g., pteris vittata L.） in rotation or combinations with favourable plant species （e.g., Azolla, Chlorella, or Nannochloropsis species） can also be promoted, in addition to using rice cultivars that are tolerant to As. Though applications of high doses of phosphorus （p）, iron （Fe）, and silicon （Si） fertilizers have shown promise in many instances, these methods have to be practiced carefully, because negative effects have also been reported, although such incidents are rare. Major factors affecting As speciation and bioavailability in soil are chemical properties such as redox status, pH, and Fe, p, Si, and S concentrations, physical properties such as texture and organic matter, and biological properties such as methylation activity by soil microorganisms. However, as many of these factors interact, long-term examination under field conditions is needed before measures are recommended for and implemented in farmers＇ fields.

关键词： amendment contaminated soils health risk hyperaccumulating plant remediation tolerant cultivar toxicity water management

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Necrosis zone depth after bipolar plasma vaporization and resection in the human prostate

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第2期10卷 144-150页

作者： Clara Breitling hans Nenning Jorg Rassler Department of Urology St.Elisabeth HospitalLeipzigGermany Institute for pathology“Am Elsapark” LeipzigGermany

Objectives:To compare the depth of thermal necrosis after use of bipolar resection and vaporization technique comparing intra-individually bipolar loop and bipolar button ***:Transurethral resection and vaporization of the prostate was performed in 55 male patients(260 specimens in total).In a standardized procedure,a bipolar resection loop was used for resection,and a bipolar button electrode was used for *** electrodes were applied in each patient,either in the left or in the right lateral *** depth of necrotic zones in the resected or vaporized tissue of each patient was measured in a standardized way by light ***:The mean depth with standard deviation of thermal injury caused by the loop electrode was 0.0495±0.0274 *** vaporization electrode caused a mean thermal depth with standard deviation of 0.0477±0.0276 *** mean difference of necrosis zone depths between the two types of electrodes(plasmaButtoneresection loop)was 0.0018 mm(p=0.691).Conclusion:For the first time,we present directly measured values of the absolute necrosis zone depth after application of plasma in the transurethral treatment of benign prostatic *** measured values were lower than in all other transurethral *** procedures of measurement and evaluation allow a statistically significant statement that the low necrosis depth in bipolar procedures is independent of the applied electrodes.

关键词： Transurethral resection of prostate Bipolar enucleation plasma resection plasma vaporization Necrosis depth

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Deep Norden： Highlights of the lithospheric structure of Northern Europe, Iceland, and Greenland

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Episodes 2008年第1期31卷 98-106页

作者： Irina M. Artemieva hans Thybo Department of Geography and Geology University of Copenhagen DK-1350 Copenhagen K Denmark.

We present a review of geophysical models of the continental lithosphere of Norden, which includes the Nordic countries （Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Norway, Sweden）, Greenland, and the adjacent regions of the neighbouring countries. The structure of the crust and the lithospheric mantle reflects the geologic evolution of Norden from precambrian terrane accretion and subduction within the Baltic Shield and Greenland to phanerozoic rifting, volcanism, magmatic crust formation, subduction and continent-continent collision at the edges of the cratons and at the plate boundaries. The proposed existence of a mantle plume below Iceland has not been uniquely demonstrated by the available seismic evidence. Its connection to the break-up of the North Atlantic Ocean c. 65 My ago is uncertain, but the 〉30 km thick crust in the strait between Iceland and Greenland may indicate the track of the plume. Using the results from seismic （reflection and refraction profiles, p- and S-wave, body-wave and surface-wave tomography）, thermal, gravity, and petrologic studies,we review the structure of the crust and the lithospheric mantle of Norden and propose an integrated model of physical properties of the lithosphere of the region, including maps of lateral variation in crustal and lithospheric thicknesses and compositional variation in the lithospheric mantle.

关键词：岩石圈构造北欧格陵兰岛冰岛

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Water availability drives gradients of tree diversity,structure and functional traits in the Atlantic-Cerrado-Caatinga transition,Brazil

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Journal of plant Ecology 2018年第6期11卷 803-814页

作者： Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos terra Rubens Manoel dos Santos Jamir Afonso do prado Júnior José Marcio de Mello José Roberto Soares Scolforo Marco Aurélio Leite Fontes Ivan Schiavini Aliny Aparecida dos Reis Inacio Thomaz Bueno Luiz Fernando Silva Magnago hans ter Steege Departamento de Ciências Florestais Universidade Federal de LavrasCampus UniversitárioPO Box 3037LavrasMinas Gerais 37200-000Brazil Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal de UberlândiaCampus Umuarama-Bloco 2DPO Box 593UberlândiaMinas Gerais 38400-902Brazil Applied Ecology and Conservation Lab Programa de Pós‐graduação Ecologia e Conservação da BiodiversidadeUniversidade Estadual de Santa CruzIlhéusBahia 45662-900Brazil Naturalis Biodiversity Center Vondellaan 55Postbus 95172300 RA LeidenThe Netherlands Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio GoeldiAv.Magalhães Barata 376PO Box 399BelémPara´66040-170Brazil

Aims Climate and soil are among the most important factors determin-ing variation in tree communities,but their effects have not been thoroughly elucidated to date for many vegetation *** this study,we evaluate how climate and soil gradients affect gradients of vegetation composition,species diversity and dominance,structure and functional traits(seed mass and wood density)using over 327000 trees in 158 sites distributed along environmental gradients in the transitions among the Atlantic forest,Cerrado and Caatinga in Minas Gerais State(MG),Brazil(nearly 600000 km2).Methods Gradients in species,genus and family abundance in addition to basal area,stem density,species diversity(Fisher’s alpha),domin-ance percentage,seed mass and wood density were correlated using multiple regressions with environmental variables,as summarized in four principal component analysis axes(two climatic-precipi-tation seasonality and temperature range-and two edaphic-soil fertility and soil moisture).Additionally,ordinary kriging maps were used to better illustrate the *** Findings Multiple regression models indicate that all variables but domin-ance percentage were affected by one or more of the environmental gradients,but the average R2 was low(26.25%).Kriging maps rein-forced the patterns observed in the regression *** seasonality and soil moisture gradients were the most important gra-dients affecting vegetation *** finding suggests that water availability is an important determinant of vegetation features in these vegetation transitions.

关键词： climate environmental gradient soil southeastern Brazil vegetation

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