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Digital world meets urban planet–new prospects for evidencebased urban studies arising from joint exploitation of big earth data,information technology and shared knowledge

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International journal of Digital Earth 2020年第1期13卷 136-157页

作者： Thomas Esch Hubert Asamer Felix Bachofer jakub Balhar martin Boettcher Enguerran Boissier Pablo d’Angelo Caroline MGevaert Andreas Hirner Katerina jupova Franz Kurz Andy Yaw Kwarteng Emmanuel Mathot Mattia Marconcini Alessandro Marin Annekatrin Metz-Marconcini Fabrizio Pacini Marc Paganini hans Permana Tomas Soukup Soner Uereyen Christopher Small Vaclav Svaton julian Nils Zeidler German Aerospace Center(DLR) German Remote Sensing Data Center(DFD)WeßlingGermany GISAT s.r.o. PragueCzech Republic Brockmann Consult GmbH GeesthachtGermany Terradue Srl RomeItaly International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ICT) Universiteit TwenteEnschedeNetherlands Remote Sensing and GIS Center Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscatOman European Space Agency(ESA) FrascatiItaly Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Columbia UniversityLamont Doherty Earth ObservatoryNew YorkNYUSA VSB Technical University of Ostrava IT4InnovationsOstravaCzech Republic

The digital transformation taking place in all areas of life has led to a massive increase in digital data–in particular,related to the places where and the ways how we *** facilitate an exploration of the new opportunities arising from this development the Urban Thematic Exploitation Platform(U-TEP)has been *** enabling instrument represents a virtual environment that combines open access to multisource data repositories with dedicated data processing,analysis and visualisation ***,it includes mechanisms for the development and sharing of technology and *** an introduction of the underlying methodical concept,this paper introduces four selected use cases that were carried out on the basis of U-TEP:two technology-driven applications implemented by users from the remote sensing and software engineering community(generation of cloud-free mosaics,processing of drone data)and two examples related to concrete use scenarios defined by planners and decision makers(data analytics related to global urbanization,monitoring of regional land-use dynamics).The experiences from U-TEP’s pre-operations phase show that the system can effectively support the derivation of new data,facts and empirical evidence that helps scientists and decision-makers to implement improved strategies for sustainable urban development.

关键词： Service platform urban human settlements earth observation decision support

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数字空间里的卫生保健文化

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中国医学伦理学 2008年第4期21卷 11-16页

作者： hans—martin Sass[德] 唐伯謇（译）翟晓梅（审校）德国鲁尔大学哲学伦理中心中国协和医科大学北京100730 不详

卫生保健网站在赋予人们拥有和保持健康,寻求降低健康风险的建议和支持的能力的同时,也存在着一些问题——如何保护大众避免欺诈、倡导以及有害甚至会致命的建议。分析了网络健康信息风险因素,指出应从保健网站的使用者和提供者入手,给... 详细信息

卫生保健网站在赋予人们拥有和保持健康,寻求降低健康风险的建议和支持的能力的同时,也存在着一些问题——如何保护大众避免欺诈、倡导以及有害甚至会致命的建议。分析了网络健康信息风险因素,指出应从保健网站的使用者和提供者入手,给予行为指导,从而使大众正确的面对及汲取数字空间里的保健文化。

关键词：卫生保健文化数字空间伦理

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Redefinition of Fatty Liver Disease from NAFLD to MAFLD through the Lens of Drug Development and Regulatory Science

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journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第2期10卷 374-382页

作者： Yasser Fouad Melissa Palmer Minjun Chen Arie Regev Rajarshi Banerjee Rob Myers Robert Riccio Richard Torstenson Ramy Younes Puneet SArora Henrik Landgren Morten A.Karsdal martin Blake David A.Shapiro hans-juergen Gruss Muhammad Y.Sheikh Dina Attia Steven Bollipo Alastair D.Smith Bradley Freilich Robert G.Gish Detlef Schuppan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand Endemic MedicineFaculty of MedicineMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt Gan-nex/Ascletis Pharma Co Ltd BeijingChina Liver Consulting LLC New YorkNYUSA Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatis-tics National Center for Toxicological ResearchUS Food and Drug AdministrationJeffersonARUSA Eli Lilly and Company IndianapolisINUSA Perspectum Diagnostics Ltd OxfordUK Gilead Sciences Inc Foster CityCAUSA Syneos Health LLC MorrisvilleNCUSA Allergan Marlow International BuckinghamshireUKAstraZenecaCambridgeUK Boehringer Ingel-heim International GmbHIngelheimGermany Genentech IncSouth San FranciscoCAUSA AbbVie MarlowBuck-inghamshireUK Nordic Bioscience A/S HerlevDenmark Resonance Health BurswoodWAAustralia Intercept Phar-maceuticals Inc San DiegoCAUSA Fresno Clinical Research Center FresnoCAUSA Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Beni-Suef UniversityBeni SuefEgypt Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNSWAustralia School of Medicine and Public Health University of NewcastleNewcastleNSWAustralia Kan-sas City Research Institute Kansas CityMOUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Loma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCAUSA Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immune Therapy University Medical CenterMainzGermany Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Metabolic(dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)affects a third of the population and is a leading cause of liver-related *** no effective treatments exist,novel approaches to drug development are ***,outdated terminology and definitions of the disease are hampering efforts to develop new drugs and *** international consensus panel has put forth an influential proposal for the disease to be renamed from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)to MAFLD,includ-ing a proposal for how the disease should be *** allies with the many stakeholders in MAFLD care―including patients,patients’advocates,clinicians,researchers,nurse and allied health groups,regional societies,and others―we are aware of the negative consequences of the NAFLD term and *** share the sense of urgency for change and will act in new ways to achieve our *** there is much work to be done to overcome clinical inertia and reverse worrisome recent trends,the MAFLD initiative provides a firm foundation to build *** provides a roadmap for moving for-ward toward more efficient care and affordable,sustainable drug and device innovation in MAFLD *** hope it will bring promising new opportunities for a brighter future for MAFLD care and improve care and outcomes for patients of one of the globe’s largest and costliest public health *** this viewpoint,we have revisited this initiative through the perspectives of drug development and regulatory science.

关键词： NAFLD MAFLD NASH Fatty liver disease Liver Fibrosis

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钢铁工业能源回收的潜力

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冶金能源 1986年第6期 52-55页

作者： Nolzen hans-martin,张文学 ,薛秀章联邦德国

为了有效地利用能源,就必须全力研究回收能源的各种实用可能性,以便尽可能地减少一次能源的用量.本文目的在于评述高炉、炼钢厂、连铸装置以及轧钢厂的能量回收可能性,并给出了可回收利用能量的经验数据。按照工艺条件,从高炉冷却装置... 详细信息

为了有效地利用能源,就必须全力研究回收能源的各种实用可能性,以便尽可能地减少一次能源的用量.本文目的在于评述高炉、炼钢厂、连铸装置以及轧钢厂的能量回收可能性,并给出了可回收利用能量的经验数据。按照工艺条件,从高炉冷却装置中可回收利用很大部发的能量,但目前仅利用了很小的一部分:在炼钢厂,利用情况要好得多。在转炉冷却烟罩中回收转炉废气中的能量,已得到普遍的使用;另外,也有可能利用转炉煤气。对于电弧炉改用汽化冷却装置可大大增加回收能量。使烟气冷却来回收能量或利用烟气去预热废钢料,都可使炉子的能量回收得到进一步的改善。至于连铸装置,可在板坯冷却锅炉利用它的潜热。在推钢式和步进梁式加热炉中,使用汽化冷却系统和废热锅炉联合装置,可以经济地回收烟气热量和冷却炉子构件得到的热量.把轧制板卷置于辐射管中,也能够利用它的能量来产生热水和蒸汽.

关键词：步进梁式加热炉可回收步进梁式炉能量回收推钢能源回收轧钢加热炉汽化冷却蒸发冷却回收能量钢铁工业冶金工业

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太阳能逆变器中的接地漏电控制

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电源世界 2008年第12期 21-23页

作者： Stéphane Rollier Bernard Richard martin Keller hans Welschen LEM公司飞利浦照明

为节约能源以及可持续能源发展,太阳能利用越来越受到重视。文章介绍了各国太阳能电池发展的近况,分析了太阳能电池的特性和输出,与电网的连接和控制,太阳能电池板的漏电测量等。

关键词：太阳能电池板电流传感器无电隔离系统漂移

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森林再生的时间尺度:挪威南部被抛弃的放牧场与农田

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人类环境杂志 1998年第6期27卷 456-460页

作者： hans Staaland φystein Holand Christian Nellemann martin Smith 闵庆文挪威农业大学生物学与自然保护系挪威农业大学生物与自然保护系阿拉斯加大学

本文目的在于说明被抛弃的农田与牧场转变成天然森林的速度。研究是在挪威南部鲁默里克景观保护区(The Romerike LandscapeProtection Area)进行的,该地区呈南部北方森林植被区的深谷景观,进行农业与放牧畜牧业生产已有数百年历史。当5... 详细信息

本文目的在于说明被抛弃的农田与牧场转变成天然森林的速度。研究是在挪威南部鲁默里克景观保护区(The Romerike LandscapeProtection Area)进行的,该地区呈南部北方森林植被区的深谷景观,进行农业与放牧畜牧业生产已有数百年历史。当50年代引入农业机械化和生产专业化时,这一地区的农田被逐渐抛弃,闲置而再生为森林生态系统。以前用于放牧的旷野地区减少近50%,灌丛和森林(主要是灰桤木)的面积增加。再生演替的速度取决于距林缘距离和在深谷底部潮湿土地的植被类型,它要比干旱地区的植被再生速度慢。土地利用变化的结果是使群落多样性减少和森林与旷野地区等之间的生态交错带长度缩短。从长期来看,森林的再生可能会减少动植物的多样性。

关键词：森林再生时间尺度挪威废弃放牧场废弃农田

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Coupled Pacific Rim megadroughts contributed to the fall of the MingDynasty’s capital in 1644 CE

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Science Bulletin 2024年第19期69卷 3106-3114页

作者： Feng Chen Tao Wang Xiaoen Zhao jan Esper Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist Ulf Büntgen hans W.Linderholm David Meko Hongna Xu Weipeng Yue Shijie Wang Yujiang Yuan jingyun Zheng Wei Pan Fidel Roig Martín Hadad Mao Hu jiachang Wei Fahu Chen Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security Institute of International Rivers and Eco-SecurityYunnan UniversityKunming 650504China Southwest United Graduate School Kunming 650504China Climate Change Research Center and Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Geography Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainz 55099Germany Global Change Research Institute(CzechGlobe) Czech Academy of SciencesBrno 60300Czech Republic Department of History Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study LinneanumUppsala 75238Sweden Department of Geography University of CambridgeCambridge CB23ENUK Department of Geography Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrno 61137Czech Republic Swiss Federal Research Institute(WSL) Birmensdorf 8903Switzerland Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research University of ArizonaTucson AZ 85721USA Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Physical and Chemical Research Institute of Desert MeteorologyChina Meteorological AdministrationUrumqi 830002China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Digital Human Technology R&D and Application of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education Yunnan UniversityKunming 650504China Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental IANIGLA-CCT CONICET-Universidad Nacional de CuyoMendoza 5500Argentina Hémera Centro de Observación de La Tierra Escuela de Ingeniería ForestalFacultad de CienciasUniversidad MayorHuechuraba 85

Historical documents provide evidence for regional droughts preceding the political turmoil and fall of Beijing in 1644 CE,when more than 20 million people died in northern China during the late Ming famine ***,the role climate and environmental changes may have played in this pivotal event in Chinese history remains ***,we provide tree-ring evidence of persistent megadroughts from1576 to 1593 CE and from 1628 to 1644 CE in northern China,which coincided with exceptionally cold summers just before the fall of *** analysis reveals that these regional hydroclimatic extremes are part of a series of megadroughts along the Pacific Rim,which not only impacted the ecology and society of monsoonal northern China,but likely also exacerbated external geopolitical and economic *** finding is corroborated by last millennium reanalysis data and numerical climate model simulations revealing internally driven Pacific sea surface temperature variations and the predominance of decadal scale La Ni?a-like conditions to be responsible for precipitation decreases over northern China,as well as extensive monsoon regions in the *** teleconnection patterns provide a mechanistic explanation for reoccurring drought spells during the late Ming Dynasty and the environmental framework fostering the fall of Beijing in 1644 CE,and the subsequent demise of the Ming Dynasty.

关键词： Paleoclimate Beijing Precipitation reconstruction Climate-society interactions Tree rings Ming Dynasty

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苯的微生物降解之谜稳定同位素分析法诠释苯的微生物降解

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实验与分析 2014年第2期 30-30,32页

作者： Carsten Voget martin Taubert Sabine Kleinsteuber martin Von Berger jena Seifert hans-Hermann Richnow 海姆霍兹环保研究所

苯．是存在于自然界中最简单的芳香类化合物，也是一种致癌物质。被苯污染的地下水可能会带来多种风险．所以探明苯的生物降解过程对于风险的评估和控制是非常有意义的。

关键词：苯污染微生物降解同位素分析法诠释稳定芳香类化合物生物降解过程致癌物质

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Enhanced ion acceleration from transparency-driven foils demonstrated at two ultraintense laser facilities

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第4期12卷 593-604页

作者： Nicholas P.Dover Tim Ziegler Stefan Assenbaum Constantin Bernert Stefan Bock Florian-Emanuel Brack Thomas E.Cowan Emma j.Ditter Marco Garten Lennart Gaus Ilja Goethel George S.Hicks Hiromitsu Kiriyama Thomas Kluge james K.Koga Akira Kon Kotaro Kondo Stephan Kraft Florian Kroll Hazel F.Lowe josefine Metzkes-Ng Tatsuhiko Miyatake Zulfikar Najmudin Thomas Püschel martin Rehwald Marvin Reimold Hironao Sakaki hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Keiichiro Shiokawa Marvin E.P.Umlandt Ulrich Schramm Karl Zeil Mamiko Nishiuchi Kansai Photon Science Institute National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology8-1-7 UmemidaiKizugawaKyoto 619-0215Japan The john Adams Institute for Accelerator Science Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany Technische Universitat Dresden 01069 DresdenGermany Interdiscipllinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University6-1Kasuga-KoenKasugaFukuoka 816-8580Japan

Laser-driven ion sources are a rapidly developing technology producing high energy,high peak current *** suitability for applications,such as compact medical accelerators,motivates development of robust acceleration schemes using widely available repetitive ultraintense femtosecond *** applications not only require high beam energy,but also place demanding requirements on the source stability and *** can be seriously affected by the laser temporal contrast,precluding the replication of ion acceleration performance on independent laser systems with otherwise similar ***,we present the experimental generation of>60 MeV protons and>30 MeV u-1 carbon ions from sub-micrometre thickness Formvar foils irradiated with laser intensities>1021 *** are accelerated by an extreme localised space charge field≥30TVm-1,over a million times higher than used in conventional *** field is formed by a rapid expulsion of electrons from the target bulk due to relativistically induced transparency,in which relativistic corrections to the refractive index enables laser transmission through normally opaque *** replicate the mechanism on two different laser facilities and show that the optimum target thickness decreases with improved laser contrast due to reduced *** demonstration that energetic ions can be accelerated by this mechanism at different contrast levels relaxes laser requirements and indicates interaction parameters for realising application-specific beam delivery.

关键词： acceleration intense transparency

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喷油率形状可变的增压式压电共轨喷射系统

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现代车用动力 2005年第1期 6-11页

作者： martin Kropp hans-Christoph Magel Bernd Mahr Wolfgang Otterbach 范明强德国

柴油机的低排放与经济性是相互矛盾的,为降低制造成本和运行费用,必须进一步采取机内净化措施降低柴油机的原始排放和燃油耗,其中燃油喷射系统依然起着十分重要的作用。Bosch公司正在研制的一种增压式压电共轨喷射系统(APCRS),不但能... 详细信息

柴油机的低排放与经济性是相互矛盾的,为降低制造成本和运行费用,必须进一步采取机内净化措施降低柴油机的原始排放和燃油耗,其中燃油喷射系统依然起着十分重要的作用。Bosch公司正在研制的一种增压式压电共轨喷射系统(APCRS),不但能以较低的共轨压力获得比一般共轨系统高得多的喷油压力,而且除能进行多次预喷射和后喷射外, 还能使主喷射的喷油率形状从矩形变化到斜坡形直至靴形,与柴油机的运转工况达到最佳的匹配,在宽广的发动机特性曲线范围内显示出明显降低排放和燃油耗的潜力。

关键词：直喷式柴油机共轨喷射压电控制喷油率形状

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