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Competitive effect, but not competitive response, varies along a climatic gradient depending on tree species identity

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 142-151页

作者： Teresa Valor Lluís Coll David I.Forrester hans Pretzsch Miren del Río Kamil Bielak Bogdan Brzeziecki Franz Binder Torben hilmers Zuzana Sitková Roberto Tognetti Aitor Ameztegui Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering(DCEFA) University of LleidaAv.Alcalde Rovira Roure 191E25198 LleidaSpain Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA Ctra.Sant LlorençKm.225280SolsonaSpain Swiss Federal Institute of Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSLZürcherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland CSIRO Land and Water GPO Box 1700CanberraACT2601Australia Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanTechnical University of MunichHans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354FreisingGermany Forest Research Center INIA-CSICCtra.A Coruña Km 7.528040MadridSpain IuFOR Sustainable Forest Management Research InstituteUniversity of Valladolid&INIASpain Department of Silviculture Institute of Forest SciencesWarsaw University of Life SciencesNowoursynowska 159/3402776WarsawPoland Bavarian State Institute of Forestry(LWF) Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 1D-85354FreisingGermany National Forest Centre Forest Research InstituteT.G.Masaryka 2296001ZvolenSlovakia Faculty of Agricultural Environmental and Food SciencesFree University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università1 I-39100Bolzano

Background: Understanding the role of species identity in interactions among individuals is crucial for assessing the productivity and stability of mixed forests over time. however, there is limited knowledge concerning the variation in competitive effect and response of different species along climatic gradients. In this study, we investigated the importance of climate, tree size, and competition on the growth of three tree species: spruce(Picea abies), fir(Abies alba), and beech(Fagus sylvatica), and examined their competitive response and effect along a climatic ***: We selected 39 plots distributed across the European mountains with records of the position and growth of 5,759 individuals. For each target species, models relating tree growth to tree size, climate and competition were proposed. Competition was modelled using a neighbourhood competition index that considered the effects of inter-and intraspecific competition on target trees. Competitive responses and effects were related to *** methods and information theory were used to select the best ***: Our findings revealed that competition had a greater impact on target species growth than tree size or climate. Climate did influence the competitive effects of neighbouring species, but it did not affect the target species? response to competition. The strength of competitive effects varied along the gradient, contingent on the identity of the interacting species. When the target species exhibited an intermediate competitive effect relative to neighbouring species, both higher inter-than intraspecific competitive effects and competition reduction occurred along the gradient. Notably, species competitive effects were most pronounced when the target species' growth was at its peak and weakest when growing conditions were far from their ***: Climate modulates the effects of competition from neighbouring trees on the target tree and not the susceptibility of th

关键词： Competition coefficient Competition reduction Interspecific competition Intraspecific competition Mixing effects Mixed species forest Neighbourhood models Plant-plant interactions

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Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Property of Disodium Biscarbonato cobaltate(Ⅱ) Tetrahydrate, Na_2Co(CO_3)_2·4h_2O

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 1999年第4期15卷 311-316页

作者： ZhENG Yue-Qing YE Yu-han hU Fu-Tao PETERS Karl and von SChNERING hans Georg Chemistry Department Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211P.R.China Max Planck Institut für Festkrperforschung D 70569 StuttgartGermany

The title compound, Na 2Co(CO 3) 2·4h 2O, was synthesized by dropwise addition of 1.0 mL of 1 mol/L Co(Ch 3COO) 2 to 50 mL of aqueous solution containing 7.0 g(66.0 mmol) of Na 2CO 3 and 2.5 g(29.8 mmol) of NahCO 3 under stirring. A rose colored rhombohedral crystal grew by the slow evaporation of the solution of the title compoud at room temperature. The crystal structure was established on the basis of the single crystal X ray diffraction data. Na 2Co(CO 3) 2·4h 2O crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a =0.856 6(1) nm, b =0.714 6(1) nm, c = 1 438 7(2) nm, β =97.59(1)° , V =0.873 0(2) nm 3 , D x=2.260 g/cm 3, F (000)=596, M r=296 99, μ (Mo K α)=21.06 cm -1 , Z =4 and the final R(F) =0.032 and wR(F 2) =0.068 on the basis of 947 reflections ( F 2 ≥ 2σ(F 0 2)). The crystal consists of h 2O molecules, Na + ions and 2D 2 ∞[Co(CO 3) 2] 2- layers extending parallel to (001). h 2O molecules and Na + cations are located between the 2D layers. Each Co atom is tetrahedrally coordinated by four O atoms from four CO 2- 3 groups with d (Co\_O)=0.206 5(2) nm, 0.207 6(2) nm and the angle of O\_Co\_O is in the range of 97.7(1)°—128.5(1)°. The CO 2- 3 group bridging two Co atoms via two O atoms deviates from D 3h symmetry with d (C\_O)=0.127 2(3)\_0.129 9(3) nm and the angle of O\_C\_O is in the range of 119.5(2)°\_123.4(2)°. Each Na atom, with two close Na neighbours at 0.338 4(2) nm and 0 346 7(2) nm, respectively, is octahedrally coordinated by six O atoms from four h 2O molecules and two carbonate groups belonging to two layers with d (Na\_O)=0.232 7(2)\_0.241 1(2) nm. Of two crystallographically different h 2O molecules, one forms hydrogen bonds to two CO 3 2- groups of one 2D layer, and the other to those from two different 2D layers. Na 2Co(CO 3) 2·4h 2O is antiferromagnetic below 16 K, and between 30\_300

关键词： Synthesis Disodium biscarbonatocobaltate(Ⅱ) tetrahydrate Crystal structure Complex carbonate Magnetic property

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A Field Test of All-Weather Surfaces for horse Paddocks

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2016年第4期6卷 197-211页

作者： hans E. von Wachenfelt Department of Biosystems and Technology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Alnarp SE 230 53 Sweden

This field study sought to determine the all-weather surface construction providing the least contaminated runoff and drainage effluent when exposed to moderate to heavy precipitation and different manure loads in horse paddocks during wintertime. Two different combinations of non-woven and woven geotextile together with two gravel fractions of 200 nlm were exposed to precipitation and horse manure/urine for two years under two manure regimes （manure removal and manure accumulation）. In a simulated rainfall （SR） study, the test areas were also exposed to 50 mm precipitation for 30 min and 15 kg of horse manure under the two manure regimes. Runoff, drainage effluent and leachate flow were measured and sampled for both regimes. The geotextile-gravel construction reduced runoff and drained the test area throughout the two-year period, confirming construction stability and a dry walking surface area at a mean drain flow of 3.65 L m2 h1. The concentrations of total N, total phosphorus （TP）, chemical oxygen demand （COD） and total solids （TS） in fluids leaving the test areas in winter were lower than in previous studies, due to lower horse density. The mean drainage concentration of TP, COD and TS was 3.4, 231, 739 mg L1, respectively, due to manure removal in the SR study. The TP （1.9 mg L-1） concentration in drain fluids was reduced by 47% in the test area consisting of a single geotextile compared with previously reported values （3.6 mg Ll）. With the paddock designs tested here, non-point pollution from paddocks could be controlled and reduced.

关键词： Geotextile horse manure runoff drain leachate.

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POP Prediction of persistent Southern and Eastern Asian Precipitation related to the MJO

POP Prediction of persistent Southern and Eastern Asian Prec...

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第35届中国气象学会年会

作者： Lan Xia hans von stor.h Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan University Chenggong University Town

The MJO migrates eastward along the equator, with marked persistent regional weather anomalies on its course. For a full march around the world, it needs 30-60 days. When strong, it has a considerable predictability for 10 or more days, which is related to the eastward migration. Since strong MJO episodes condition the regional weather, this predictability implies also a predictability of, for instance rainfall in South East Asia（SEA）. We use principal oscillation pattern（POP） analysis for identifying and characterization of the MJO in the 200 h Pa velocity potential field, and confirm earlier studies with shorter time windows by von stor.h ＆ Xu（1990） and Gualdi et al（1997）. The emergence of persistent（typically 5 days） rainfall anomalies, both dry and extra wet periods, is related to the eastward movement of the velocity potential anomaly. Since the latter is predictable（von stor.h and Baumhefner, 1991） the former is also predictable to some extent. We present forecast experiments of SEA precipitation related to the phase and intensity of the MJO. The forecast skills of POP for SEA precipitation are described by correlation and RMS conditional upon the strength of the MJO.

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Comparison of an Intraoperative Application of a haemostatic Agent (PerClot<sup>&reg</sup>) with Conventional haemostatic Procedure after Thyroid Resection

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Surgical Science 2015年第6期6卷 239-246页

作者： Thomas von Ahnen Martin von Ahnen Ulrich Wirth Anna Barisic hans Martin Schardey Stefan Schopf Allgemein und Visceralchirurgie Krankenhaus Agatharied Hausham Germany

Background: Postoperative hemorrhage remains an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication of thyroid surgery. The aim of this case-controlled study was to compare the effectiveness of PerClot® hemostatic agent with hemostasis by conventional technique (hCT) in thyroid surgery. Methods: The thyroid resection was performed from November 2009 to February 2010. Exclusion criteria were applied. There were 30 patients in the hCT group and 30 patients in the PerClot® group. The outcome parameters were postoperative bleeding, the drainage volume 24 hours postoperatively and adverse events according to PerClot®. Results: There was no post-operative hemorrhage in both groups. We found no significant difference between the control andPerClot® group with regard to total drainage volume after 24 h (51 ml ± 36.9 control group/53 ml ± 39.5 PerClot® group (p = 0.79)). There were no adverse events in the PerClot® group. Conclusions: Routine use of PerClot® hemostatic agent has no advantage over conventional hemostasis technique (hCT) in thyroid surgery. In addition, PerClot®?is safe and well tolerated.

关键词： hemostatic Agent Thyroid Resection Drainage Volume Post-Operative hematoma PerClot®

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坑口电站的干式冷却系统

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电力建设 1987年第8期 61-63+60页

作者： hans h·von CLEVE 武育庭

南非正在建设第一座大型、多台机组的干式冷却发电厂——玛提木巴(Matimba)电厂。该厂位于南非西北部,靠近博茨瓦纳内边界,正由南非供电公司建设中。电厂将装六台同型号的燃煤机组,单机容量为685MW,第一台将在1986年投产,以后依次每年... 详细信息

南非正在建设第一座大型、多台机组的干式冷却发电厂——玛提木巴(Matimba)电厂。该厂位于南非西北部,靠近博茨瓦纳内边界,正由南非供电公司建设中。电厂将装六台同型号的燃煤机组,单机容量为685MW,第一台将在1986年投产,以后依次每年投产一台。为确定电厂厂址曾进行了广泛的研究,该厂址在考虑补给水和排水的情况下,对于干式或湿式冷却的发电成本应是相同的。冷却的成

关键词：坑口电站背压火电厂干式冷却系统汽机排汽压力自然通风冷却塔表面式冷凝器表面式凝汽器

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Arsenic in Rice Soils and Potential Agronomic Mitigation Strategies to Reduce Arsenic Bioavailability： A Review

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Pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 363-382页

作者： Lalith D.B.SURIYAGODA Klaus DITTERT hans LAMBERS Faculty of Agriculture University of Peradeniya Peradeniya 20400( Sri Lanka) Department of Crop Science Section of Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology University of Gottingen Gottingen 37075( Germany) School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009( Australia)

Soils used for rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivation in some areas contain high concentrations of arsenic （As）due to irrigation with groundwater containing As and intensive use of agrochemicals or industrial residues containing As. To restrict rice uptake of As in these soils, approaches to reduce As input and bioavailability must be considered. One approach to reduce As input into rice soils or uptake by rice is cultivating rice under aerobic, intermittent flooding, or alternate wetting and drying （AWD） conditions, rather than in submerged soils, or use of irrigation water low in As. For reducing As bioavailability in soil, aerobic or AWD rice culture and application of biochar, sulfur （S）, and/or rice polish to soil are promising. Moreover, use of As-hyperaecumulating plant species （e.g., Pteris vittata L.） in rotation or combinations with favourable plant species （e.g., Azolla, Chlorella, or Nannochloropsis species） can also be promoted, in addition to using rice cultivars that are tolerant to As. Though applications of high doses of phosphorus （P）, iron （Fe）, and silicon （Si） fertilizers have shown promise in many instances, these methods have to be practiced carefully, because negative effects have also been reported, although such incidents are rare. Major factors affecting As speciation and bioavailability in soil are chemical properties such as redox status, ph, and Fe, P, Si, and S concentrations, physical properties such as texture and organic matter, and biological properties such as methylation activity by soil microorganisms. however, as many of these factors interact, long-term examination under field conditions is needed before measures are recommended for and implemented in farmers＇ fields.

关键词： amendment contaminated soils health risk hyperaccumulating plant remediation tolerant cultivar toxicity water management

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Metallic debris from metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty regulates periprosthetic tissues

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第5期5卷 660-666页

作者： Christoph h Lohmann Gurpal Singh hans-Georg Willert Gottfried h Buchhorn Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Otto-von-Guericke University University Orthopaedics Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery Cluster National University Health System Department of Orthopaedics University Hospital Goettingen

The era of metal-on-metal(MoM) total hip arthroplasty has left the orthopaedic community with valuable insights and lessons on periprosthetic tissue reactions to metallic debris. Various terms have been used to describe the tissue reactions. Sometimes the nomenclature can be confusing. We present a review of the concepts introduced by Willert and Semlitsch in 1977,along with further developments made in the understanding of periprosthetic tissue reactions to metallic debris. We propose that periprosthetic tissue reactions be thought of as(1) gross(metallosis, necrosis, cyst formation and pseudotumour);(2) histological(macrophage-dominated, lymphocyte-dominated or mixed);and(3) molecular(expression of inflammatory mediators and cytokines such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). Taper corrosion and modularity are discussed, along with future research directions to elucidate the antigen-presenting pathways and materi-al-specific biomarkers which may allow early detection and intervention in a patient with adverse periprosthetic tissue reactions to metal wear debris.

关键词： Periprosthetic tissue response Metal-on-Metal Total hip arthroplasty Metal debris Lymphocytedominated Macrophage-dominated Taper corrosion Modularity

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利格列汀应用于2型糖尿病老年患者(≥70岁)的疗效和安全性

利格列汀应用于2型糖尿病老年患者(≥70岁)的疗效和安全性

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中华医学会糖尿病学分会第十六次全国学术会议

作者： ANThONY h.BARNETT hOLGER hUISMAN RUSSELL JONES MAXIMILIAN von EYNATTEN SAN JAY PATEL hans-JUERGEN WOERLE

在老年患者中,针对2型糖尿病的管理经常会因为存在以下因素而变得复杂化:合并症、同时接受多种药物治疗、对药物的不良反应较敏感。此项安慰剂对照、Ⅲ期临床试验在年龄70岁及以上的2型糖尿病患者中对利格列汀24周治疗进行了评估。上述...

在老年患者中,针对2型糖尿病的管理经常会因为存在以下因素而变得复杂化:合并症、同时接受多种药物治疗、对药物的不良反应较敏感。此项安慰剂对照、Ⅲ期临床试验在年龄70岁及以上的2型糖尿病患者中对利格列汀24周治疗进行了评估。上述患者在接受二甲双胍和(或)磺脲类药物和(或)胰岛素

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Remarkable catalysis of spinel ferrite XFe2O4(X=Ni,Co,Mn,Cu,Zn)nanoparticles on the dehydrogenation properties of LiAlh_(4):An experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第16期111卷 189-203页

作者： Sheng Wei Jiaxi Liu Yongpeng Xia huanzhi Zhang Riguang Cheng Lixian Sun Fen Xu Pengru huang Federico Rosei Aleskey A.Pimerzin hans Jüergen Seifert hongge Pan School of Material Science&Engineering Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and MaterialsGuilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China CentreÉnergie Matériaux et TélécommunicationsInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique1650 Boul.Lionel BouletVarennesJ3×1S2QuébecCanada Samara State Technical University Samara443100Russia Institute for Applied Materials Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyHermann von Helmholtz Platz 176344 Eggenstein LeopoldshafenGermany School of New Energy Science and Technology Xi’an Technological UniversityXi’an 710021China

Safe,compact,lightweight and cost-effective hydrogen storage is one of the main challenges that need to be addressed to effectively deploy the hydrogen ***_(4),as a solid-state hydrogen storage material,presents several advantages such as high hydrogen storage capacity,low price and abundant ***,neither thermodynamic nor kinetic properties of dehydrogenation for LiAlh_(4)can fulfill the requirements of practical ***,a series of spinel ferrite nanoparticles such as XFe_(2)O_(4)(X=Ni,Co,Mn,Cu,Zn,Fe)were prepared by using the modified thermal decomposition method,and then doped into LiAlh_(4)by using ball *** results show that LiAlh_(4)doped with 7 wt%NiFe_(2)O_(4)starts to release hydrogen at 69.1°C,and the total amount of hydrogen released is 7.29 wt%before 300°*** activation energies of the two-step hydrogen release reactions of LiAlh_(4)doped with 7 wt%NiFe_(2)O_(4)are 42.32 kJ mol^(-1)and 71.42 k J mol,which are 59.0%and 63.6%lower than those of as-received LiAlh_(4),*** the density functional theory(DFT)calculations,we reveal that both the presence of Ni FeOand in-situ formed AlNiin ball-milling decrease the desorption energy barrier of Al-h bonding in LiAlh_(4)and accelerate the breakdown of Al-h bonding through the interfacial charge transfer and the dehybridization of the Al-h ***,the experimental and theoretical results open a new avenue toward designing high effective catalysts applied to LiAlh_(4)as a candidate for hydrogen storage.

关键词： hydrogen storage Lithium aluminum Spinel ferrite nanoparticles

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