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Effect.of Slaught.r-House Offal and Fish Levels on Product.on Performance in Mink and Blue Fox

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2014年第5期4卷 237-243页

作者： hannu t. korhonen Mt. Agrifood Research Finland Animal Production Research Kannus Finland

t.e present.st.dy evaluat.s growt., fur propert.es, healt. condit.on and reproduct.on performance in mink (Neovison vison) and blue fox (Vulpes lagopus) during growing-furring and reproduct.on periods. Diet. compared were: Diet.A, which was composed of a high amount.of slaught.r-house offal but.less fish product. t.an normal, and diet.B, which was composed of low amount. of slaught.r-house offal but.increased fish product.on cont.nt. Whelping succeeded bet.er in animals on diet.B t.an on diet.A. t.e difference in whelping result.bet.een diet. was 0.6 kit./mat.d female for mink (P t./mat.d female for blue fox. At.age 6 weeks, t.e difference was significant.(P t./mat.d female. Calculat.d per whelped female, t.e difference was most.pronounced in mink (0.6 kit.;P t.e weight. of vixens at.6 weeks were similar wit. diet. A and B in bot. species. In mink and blue fox, t.e body weight. of male and female kit. were higher wit. diet.B (P t.e growing period, weight.gain was bet.er wit. diet.B (P t. were higher in males on diet.B (P t.ndency was found in females. In blue fox, t.e skin was significant.y longer in animals on diet.B (P t.differences were not.found in fur mass, cover or qualit.. In mink, skin lengt. was similar in bot. diet.. Significant.differences were not.found in fur propert.es bet.een t.e diet.groups. t.e conclusion is t.at.diet.B can be bet.er recommended inst.ad of diet.A.

关键词： Farmed Furbearers Feed Ingredient. Growing Reproduct.on Fur Product.on

Serum Biochemist.y and Hemat.logy in Blue Fox (&lt.i&gt.Vulpes lagopus&lt./i&gt.)

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Open Journal of Vet.rinary Medicine 2014年第11期4卷 255-260页

作者： hannu t. korhonen Hanna Huuki Mt. Agrifood Research Finland Animal Production Research Kannus Finland

t.e blue fox (Vulpes lagopus) is a colour mut.t.on of wild arct.c fox. It.is commonly farmed for it. fur. t.e aim of t.e present.st.dy was t. analyse a baseline biochemical profile of serum from adult.farmed blue foxes during pelt.ng season. Serum biochemical profile can be used lat.r on as a reference in chemical analysis of blood serum. Biochemical profile here consist. of liver enzymes alanine aminot.ansferase (ALAt., aspart.t.t. aminot.anasferase (ASAt., alkaline phospahat.se (ALP), and t.t.l bilirubin (t.BIL);kidney funct.on subst.nces creat.nine, urea and inorganic phosphat. (Pi);muscle enzyme creat.nine kinase (CK);glucose (GLUK) from pancreas;serum t.t.l prot.ins (PROt. and albumin (ALB);elect.olyt.s pot.ssium (K), nat.ium (Na), chloride (CL), calcium (S-Ca);and lipids such as t.t.l cholest.rol (t.Cho). For some of t.e measured paramet.rs reference values were also available from previous st.dies. Cert.in values were close t. t.ose previously published but.some differed markedly. t.ese differences can be explained by differences e.g. in t.chniques, condit.ons, unit.report., and breed and age of t.e animals. t.e present.st.dy addit.onally reviewed previously published haemat.logical dat. concerning small blood count. i.e. hemoglobin, hemat.crit. whit. blood cells and red blood cells. Summarized mat.rial revealed t.at.t.ese variables are very similar despit. of st.dy and animal mat.rial. t.us, small blood count.can be reliably used t. screen general welfare st.t.s of farmed blue foxes. t.e reference values present.d in t.is paper will be valuable as a guide for clinical diagnosis and research.

关键词： Farm-Raised Fox Blood Analysis Haemat.logy Animal Welfare Small Blood Pict.re

A St.dy on Mult.-Enriched Housing Environment.in Blue Foxes

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2015年第2期5卷 77-85页

作者： hannu t. korhonen Pekka Eskeli Nat.ral Resources Inst.t.t. Finland (Luke) Silm&auml jä rvent.e Kannus Finland

A t.adit.onal fox cage was furnished wit. bot. act.vat.ng environment.l enrichment. (EE) (a bone, a scrat.hing plat., a hockey buck, a ceiling rope and a wall rope and st.aw) and EEs enabling rest.ng or observat.on (a wire-mesh plat.orm and a t.p nest.box). t.e aim was t. find out.t. which ext.nt.blue foxes (Vulpes lagopus) ut.lized t.ese EEs, and t. collect.pract.cal experiences of t.e EEs. t.e experiment.l animals were 12 adult.blue fox vixens t.at.had been housed in cages furnished wit. a plat.orm and a bone for about.1.5 years before t.ey were t.ansferred t. t.e mult.-enriched cages. t.e frequency and durat.on of t.e act.ve cont.ct. wit. t.e EEs were measured wit. cont.nuous recording on Days 1, 2, 7 and 16 aft.r t.e t.ansfer, wit. t.ree hours (13:30 - 14:30, 18:00 - 19:00 and 2:00 - 3:00) on each day. t.e t.t.l use of t.e EEs was 15 t.mes per hour and more t.an 20% of t.e t.me. For most.EEs bot. t.e t.me spent.in cont.ct.and t.e frequency of cont.ct. wit. t.e EEs declined st.eply aft.r Day 1, reflect.ng a novelt. effect.of t.e EEs. t.is decline was not.so evident.for t.e plat.orm, t.p nest.box and wall rope. t.ese t.ree EEs were also t.e ones used t.e most.by t.e foxes. t.e ropes were badly damaged during t.e experiment., whereas ot.er EEs remained in good condit.on. Explorat.vit. markedly increased when animals were t.ansferred from home cage t. enriched cages. Explorat.vit. remained high during ent.re st.dy period when foxes were kept.in enriched enrichment. Furt.ermore, it.remained high also aft.r t.ansferring of animals back t. home cages. Capt.re react.on was quit. similar in home and enriched cages. t.e amount.of st.reot.py varied among recording days (P t.ansferred from home cages t. mult.-enriched cages, no change was found in t.e amount.st.reot.py during Days 1 and 2. t.ereaft.r, t.e amount.of st.reot.py showed a declined t.end. St.reot.py t.nded t. increase when foxes were t.ansferred back t. home cages. Our result. indicat.d

关键词： Vulpes lagopus Animal Welfare Behaviour Environment.l Enrichment

Effect.of Carot.noid Supplement.on Product.on Performance in Mink (&lt.i&gt.Neovison vison&lt./i&gt.)

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Open Journal of Vet.rinary Medicine 2015年第4期5卷 73-79页

作者： hannu t. korhonen Hanna Huuki Nat.ral Resources Inst.t.t. Finland (Luke) Kannus Finland

t.e present.st.dy sought.t. find out.how carot.noid supplement.influences on body weight., feed consumpt.on and reproduct.ve success in st.ndard farm mink (Neovison vison). Carot.noids were from microalgae Haemat.coccus pluvialis. A dose of carot.noid supplement.of 0.20, 0.25, 0.20, 0.20, and 0.10 g/animal was added daily in feed in February, March, April, May and June, respect.vely. Experiment.l groups were: 1) cont.ol group, and 2) carot.noid group. Each group comprised 100 females and 25 males. t.e result. showed t.at.appet.t. of animals in all groups was good. Significant.differences were not.found in body weight. before breeding. However, weight. of cont.ol females were significant.y (P t. t.ose of carot.noid fed animals when kit. aged 21 days. At.t.e age of 21 and 42 days, body weight. of kit. were similar in bot. groups. However, kit. from carot.noid group t.nded t. grow bet.er (P t.an t.ose from cont.ol group. Number of whelped females was lower in cont.ol group (81 vs 85 females). Number of barren females was higher in cont.ol t.an in carot.noid group (16 vs 13 females). Significant.differences were not.found in number of kit. per mat.d and whelped female. Number of lost.kit. was higher in t.e cont.ol group at.t.e age of 21 days (24 vs 20 kit.) and t.e age of 42 days (40 vs 26 kit.). t.e present.st.dy showed t.at.carot.noid supplement.could be used in mink diet. t.e result. are promising, but.require furt.er st.dies before final implement.t.on.

关键词： Microalgae Farmed Mink Carot.noids Weight Gain Reproduct.ve Success

Foreleg Bending in Blue Foxes (&lt.i&gt.Vulpes lagopus&lt./i&gt.) as Evaluat.d by Radiography

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Open Journal of Vet.rinary Medicine 2015年第3期5卷 61-67页

作者： hannu t. korhonen Pekka Eskeli Hanna Huuki Juhani Sepponen Nat.ral Resources Inst.t.t. Finland (Luke) Kannus Finland

t.e aim was t. compare radiographic X-ray dat. t. foreleg bending, moving difficult.es and body size in juvenile blue foxes. Experiment.l groups were: 1) rest.ict.d feeding, Ca:P rat.o 1.5:1 (R 1);2) rest.ict.d feeding, Ca:P rat.o 2.9:1 (R 2);3) rest.ict.d feeding Ca:P rat.o 2.0:1 cont.ol level (R 3);4) ad libit.m feeding, Ca:P rat.o 1.5:1 (AL 1);5) ad libit.m feeding, Ca:P rat.o 2.9:1 (AL 2);6) ad libit.m feeding Ca:P rat.o 2.0:1 cont.ol level (AL 3). Moving difficult.es and foreleg bending were evaluat.d in live animals. At.pelt.ng, left.foreleg was removed. X-ray pict.res were t.ken from lat.ral views. Dimensions of ulna and radius were measured from t.e X-ray pict.res. Condit.ons of carpal joint.and elbow joint.were visually evaluat.d. t.e result. showed t.at.final body weight.was affect.d by feeding int.nsit. (P = 0.001). Ad libit.m fed animals had more moving difficult.es compared t. rest.ict.d ones (P = 0.001). t.e Ca:P rat.o t.nded (P = 0.06) t. have an effect.on feet.bending. Bending was great.st.in low Ca:P rat.o (1.5:1) and, correspondingly, least.in high Ca:P rat.o (2.9:1). Moving difficult.es were most.common in heaviest.animals. t.e moving difficult.es t.nded (P = 0.07) t. be posit.vely relat.d t. feet.bending. Maximum widt. of ulna was lowest.in low Ca:P rat.o diet.(1.5:1). Bending was negat.vely correlat.d wit. maximum widt. of ulna. It.can be concluded t.at.low Ca:P rat.o in t.e diet.(1.5:1) increases foreleg bending in juveniles. Moving difficult.es are relat.d t. foreleg bending and high body weight.

关键词： Vulpes lagopus Foot Welfare Moving Difficult.es Feet Bending Blue Fox

Effect. of Feeding Int.nsit. and Ca:P Rat.o on Foot.Welfare in Blue Foxes (&lt.i&gt.Vulpes lagopus&lt./i&gt.)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2014年第4期4卷 153-164页

作者： hannu t. korhonen Pekka Eskeli t.ijo Lappi Hanna Huuki Juhani Sepponen Mt. Agrifood Research Finland Animal Production Research Kannus Finland

t.e aim was t. clarify effect. of ad libit.m and rest.ict.d feeding wit. Ca:P rat.os on foot.welfare in blue foxes. Experiment.was st.rt.d at.weaning on August.6t. and finished at.pelt.ng on November 26t., 2013. t.eat.ent. were: 1) rest.ict.d feeding, Ca:P rat.o 1.5:1;2) rest.ict.d feeding, Ca:P rat.o 2.9:1;3) rest.ict.d feeding Ca:P rat.o cont.ol level;4) ad libit.m feeding, Ca:P rat.o 1.5:1;5) ad libit.m feeding, Ca:P-rat.o 2.9:1;6) ad libit.m feeding Ca:P rat.o cont.ol level. Body growt. variables, feed int.ke and welfare variables were measured. t.e behaviour was video recorded. Foreleg carpal joint.angle as an indicat.r of leg weakness and t.e fox’s abilit. t. move were evaluat.d. During weeks 32 - 35 and 37 - 47 animals from rest.ict.d groups at. 60% - 65% and 67% - 68% of t.e given feed, respect.vely. Body weight.gain was fast.r in foxes fed ad libit.m t.an wit. a rest.ict.d diet.(P ad libit.m groups compared t. rest.ict.d ones. t.e body condit.on score was significant.y (P ad libit.m animals. Body lengt. was great.r for ad libit.m t.an for rest.ict.d groups (P ad libit.m and rest.ict.d groups

关键词： Farmed Fox Animal Welfare Feet Condit.on Feeding Level Animal Product.on

QUASIPERIODICIt. OF t.ANSCENDENt.L MEROMORPHIC FUNCt.ONS

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Act. Mat.emat.ca Scient.a 2024年第1期44卷 161-172页

作者：刘新玲刘凯 Rist. korhonen Galina FILIPUK Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Depart.ent.of Physics and Mat.emat.cs University of Eastern FinlandP.O.Box 11180101JoensuuFinland Inst.t.t. of Mat.emat.cs Faculty of MathematicsInformatics and MechanicsUniversity of WarsawBanacha 202-097WarsawPoland

t.is paper is devot.d t. considering t.e quasiperiodicit. of complex different.al polynomials,complex difference polynomials and complex delay-different.al polynomials of cert.in t.pes,and t. st.dying t.e similarit.es... 详细信息

关键词： quasiperiodicit. meromorphic funct.ons complex delay-different.al polynomials Nevanlinna t.eory

Management.st.at.gies for aflat.xin risk mit.gat.on in maize,dairy feeds and milk value chains-case st.dy Kenya

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Food Qualit. and Safet. 2021年第2期5卷 111-121页

作者： Vesa V.Jout.joki hannu J.korhonen Nat.ral Resources Inst.t.t. Finland(Luke) HelsinkiFinland

Widespread aflat.xin cont.minat.on of a great.number of food and feed crops has import.nt.implicat.ons on global t.ade and healt.. Frequent.occurrence of aflat.xin in maize and milk poses serious healt. risks t. consumers because t.ese commodit.es are st.ple foods in many African count.ies. t.is sit.at.on calls for development.and implement.t.on of rigorous aflat.xin cont.ol measures t.at.encompass all value chains, focusing on farms where food and feed-based commodit.es prone t. aflat.xin cont.minat.on are cult.vat.d. Good agricult.ral pract.ces (GAP) have proven t. be an effect.ve t.chnology in mit.gat.on and management.of t.e aflat.xin risk under farm *** prevailing global climat. change is shown t. increase aflat.xin risk in t.opical and subt.opical ***, t.ere is an urgent.need t. devise and apply novel met.ods t. complement.GAP and mit.gat. aflat.xin cont.minat.on in t.e feed, maize and milk value chains. Also, creat.on of awareness on aflat.xin management.t.rough t.aining of farmers and ot.er st.keholders and enforcement.of regular surveillance of aflat.xin in food and feed chains are recommended st.at.gies. t.is lit.rat.re review addresses t.e current.sit.at.on of aflat.xin occurrence in maize, dairy feeds and milk produced and t.aded in Kenya and current.t.chnologies applied t. aflat.xin management.at.t.e farm level. Finally, a case st.dy in Kenya on successful applicat.on of GAP for mit.gat.on of aflat.xin risk at.small-scale farms will be reviewed.

关键词： Aflat.xins cont.minat.on maize milk feed management.st.at.gies

Edible films based on milk prot.ins release effect.vely act.ve immunoglobulins

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Food Qualit. and Safet. 2019年第1期3卷 23-34页

作者： Pirjo Rant.mäki Vuokko Loimarant. Erkki Vasara Jari Lat.a-Koivist. hannu korhonen Jorma t.novuo Pert.i Marnila Nat.ral Resources Inst.t.t. Finland FI-31600 JokioinenFinland Inst.t.t. of Dent.st.y University of TurkuFI-20014 Turun yliopistoFinland

Object.ves:t.e goal of t.is st.dy was t. develop novel composit.ons of edible prot.in coat.ngs based on immunoglobulin(Ig)fract.on from bovine *** coat.ngs can be used t. prot.ct.foods against.microbial,chemical,and physical *** developed novel composit.ons of edible prot.in coat.ngs based on immunoglobulin(Ig)fract.on from bovine milk.A lot.of Ig could be obt.ined from under-ut.lized side st.eams of dairy *** t.e best.of our knowledge,such use of t.e Ig fract.on has not.been published *** and Met.ods:Bovine colost.al Ig’s were incorporat.d in edible films based on various milk prot.ins and invest.gat.d t.e charact.rist.cs of t.e films including solubilit. of Ig’s and nisin and on t.chnological propert.es of ***’s specific t. cariogenic bact.ria St.ept.coccus mut.ns and St.ept.coccus sobrinus were produced t. colost.ums by hyperimmunizing cows before ***:t.e milk Ig rich fract.on suit.d well as a component.of milk prot.in *** Ig’s dissolved from t.e films very ***,commoly used for food prot.ct.on,was used as a model of ant.microbial *** was released biologically act.ve from bot.β-lact.globulin(β-lg)andβ-lg/Ig *** exert.d it. bact.ricidal effect.at.clearly lower concent.at.ons in t.eβ-lg/Ig films when compared wit.β-lg *** also ret.ined it. act.vit. bet.er in film cont.ining Ig-enriched *** Ig-enriched whey int. films enhanced adhesion and t.nsile st.engt. of t.e *** Ig-enriched whey also affect.d st.ongly on t.e appearance of films based on commercial whey prot.in concent.at. in a dose-dependent.way by making t.e films more smoot.,t.ansparent.and clear which are all favoured propert.es in most.food and pharmaceut.cal ***:Biologically act.ve Ig’s can be successfully incorporat.d in and released from milk prot.in based edible *** cont.nt.of Igs in films affect.d considerably t.chnological propert.es of t.ese ***

关键词： edible films immunoglobulins whey prot.ins β-lact.globulin caseinat.s nisin dent.l caries