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Spatial Distribution of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Induced Hemlock Mortality in the Southern Appalachians

Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第5期4卷 492-506页

作者： Tuula Kantola Paivi Lyytikainen-saarenmaa Robert N.Coulson Sheryl Strauch Maria D.Tchakerian Markus Holopainen hannu saarenmaa Douglas A.Streett Knowledge Engineering Laboratory Department of EntomologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA Department of Forest Sciences University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland SIB Labs School of ComputingUniversity of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland Alexandria Forestry Center USDA Forest ServiceSouthern Research StationPinevilleLAUSA

Hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges Tsugae Annand, HWA) outbreaks are posing a major threat to eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis L. Carr.) and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.) forest landscapes in the eastern USA. As foundation species, hemlocks play a variety of functional roles in forest landscapes. These species usually occur as isolated canopies and mixed species in landscapes where variation in topography is extreme. Spatially explicit inventory information on HWA induced hemlock mortality at landscape scale does not exist. High resolution aerial imageries enable landscape scale assessment even at the individual tree level. Accordingly, our goal was to investigate spatial pattern and distribution of HWA induced hemlock mortality using a high resolution aerial image mosaic in the Linville River Gorge, Southern Appalachians, western North Carolina. Our study objectives were: 1) to detect dead trees within the Lower Linville River watershed;2) to estimate the area occupied by dead trees in the forest canopy surface;3) to investigate the relationship of dead hemlocks and topography;and 4) to define the spatial pattern of the dead trees. We found ca. 10,000 dead trees within the study area, occupying over 7 ha of the canopy surface with an average area of 36 m2 per dead tree. The density of the dead trees was higher in proximity to the Linville River, at higher elevations, and on northern and northwestern aspects. Spatial pattern of the dead trees was generally clustered at all spatial scales. We suggest that although the reduction in plant biomass resulting from herbivory within the landscapes is modest, impact of the clustered distribution of hemlock mortality, especially in the riparian zones, is noteworthy. Our analysis of the pattern of hemlock decline provides new means for projecting future impacts of HWA on the range of hemlock distribution in eastern North America.

关键词： Adelges Tsugae Eastern Hemlock Southern Appalachians Spatial pattern Topography Tree Mortality Tsuga

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Extension of the theory of adherence to treatment in patients with coronary heart disease

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第3期10卷 227-237页

作者： Outi Kähkönen hannu Vähänikkilä Leila Paukkonen Anne Oikarinen Department of Nursing Science University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland Northern Finland Birth Cohorts Arctic BiobankInfrastructure for Population StudiesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OuluOuluFinland Reseach Unit of Health Sciences and Technology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OuluOuluFinland Medical Research Center Oulu(MRC Oulu) Faculty of medicineUniversity of OuluOuluFinland

Background: Increased knowledge of the concept of adherence is needed for development patient-centered care, nursing interventions, and guidelines for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to test and extend the Theory of Adherence to Treatment regarding informational support in patients with ***: The study utilized an explanatory and descriptive survey. The study was conducted in 2013 and involved 416 patients in five hospitals in Finland. The Adherence of Patients with Chronic Disease instrument and the Social Support for People with CHD instrument were used. The model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM).Results: SEM confirmed direct associations between motivation (β = 0.49,p < 0.001) and results of care (β = 0.29,p < 0.01), and indirect associations between sense of normality, fear of complications, support from nurses and next of kin, and informational support to adherence to a healthy lifestyle and medication. Informational support included information and advice on CHD risk factors, physical exercise, chest pain, medication, continuum of care, and rehabilitation. Indirect standardized path coefficients varied between 0.14 and 0.45. The model explained 45% of adherence to a healthy lifestyle and ***: The results of this study showed that informational support is a justified extension to the original Theory of Adherence to Treatment in Patients with CHD. Informational support seems to offer a new perspective that can be used to develop patient-centered nursing interventions and thus support adherence to treatment by patients with a lifelong disease such as CHD.

关键词： adherence to treatment cardiovascular nursing Nursing theory

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Spatial Distribution of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Induced Hemlock Mortality in the Southern Appalachians

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第5期

作者： Tuula Kantola Päivi Lyytikäinen-saarenmaa Robert N. Coulson Sheryl Strauch Maria D. Tchakerian Markus Holopainen hannu saarenmaa Douglas A. Streett Knowledge Engineering Laboratory Department of Entomology Texas A & M University Department of Forest Sciences University of Helsinki SIB Labs School of Computing University of Eastern Finland Alexandria Forestry Center USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station

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基于树莓派的宠物机械手

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无线电 2024年第7期 6-13页

作者： [马尔代夫]hannu 李丽英(翻译) 不详

我从经典电影《亚当斯一家》中亚当斯家族的机械手得到启发,用树莓派还原了这只在电影里无所不能的机械手。在这部电影里,这只机械手名字叫“东西”,是亚当斯一家不可或缺的一员,它在剧里还会做许多违背重力的家务。这个荧幕形象后来出... 详细信息

我从经典电影《亚当斯一家》中亚当斯家族的机械手得到启发,用树莓派还原了这只在电影里无所不能的机械手。在这部电影里,这只机械手名字叫“东西”,是亚当斯一家不可或缺的一员,它在剧里还会做许多违背重力的家务。这个荧幕形象后来出现在了电视剧《星期三》中,我制作的版本,也更类似这个版本。这个作品的机械构造复杂,给我带来了许多挑战和乐趣。如果你决定在万圣节装扮成亚当斯一家,或者让这只机械手迎接来你家玩“不给糖就捣蛋”的孩子们,那么它会是一个完美角色。

关键词：机械手树莓派万圣节亚当斯经典电影角色荧幕形象版本

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赫尔辛基舞蹈之家

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现代装饰 2024年第2期 24-33页

作者：无 hannu Rytky(摄影) Peter Vuorenrinne(摄影) Tuomas Uusheimo(摄影) JKMM ILO 不详

赫尔辛基舞蹈之家位于始建于1940年代的船用电缆厂,赫尔辛基市政府在1990年代收购后,缓慢将其打造成艺术园区。舞蹈之家项目是由JKMM与ILO建筑事务所合作设计。在项目初期,已入驻电缆厂的文艺工作者和访客便积极参与进来,她们的反馈建... 详细信息

赫尔辛基舞蹈之家位于始建于1940年代的船用电缆厂,赫尔辛基市政府在1990年代收购后,缓慢将其打造成艺术园区。舞蹈之家项目是由JKMM与ILO建筑事务所合作设计。在项目初期,已入驻电缆厂的文艺工作者和访客便积极参与进来,她们的反馈建议起到了指导作用。在开幕已来的两年里,赫尔辛基舞蹈之家通过举办高质量的舞蹈、现代马戏和各类演出,它已成为芬兰最受关注的表演场所之一,而整个电缆厂也渐渐成为芬兰规模最大的文化中心。

关键词：建筑事务所文艺工作者赫尔辛基表演场所船用电缆马戏项目初期艺术园区

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Specialist predator in a multi-species prey community:boreal voles and weasels

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第1期3卷 51-63页

作者： Janne SUNDELL hannu YLÖNEN Metapopulation Research Group Department of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Konnevesi Research Station Department of Biological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland

Dissimilar vulnerabilities of different prey types and preferences of predators are factors likely to contribute to community *** may happen via differential individual properties of prey animals(***,escape)or via habitat effects making hunting by a predator easier and more rewarding in some habitats,or ***,community dynamics may be influenced by predator mediated apparent competition,in which an increase in one prey type has negative effects on another prey type indirectly via the shared *** summarize the current knowledge from the field in a model predator–prey system consisting of sympatric boreal vole species and their common specialist predator and review field studies using predator manipulation and studies on the responses of individuals in the laboratory and in outdoor *** vole species studied represent different prey types that are thought to have different *** observations on the main resident specialist predator,the least weasel(Mustela nivalis nivalis L.),show that it hunts according to prey availability and suitability of the hunting *** voles respond to the presence of the predator behaviorally in various ways to avoid *** conclude that even if the least weasel is a specialized predator of small rodents it acts like a generalist predator within the small rodent guild and may facilitate the coexistence of prey species via predator *** may lead to interspecific synchrony between prey populations,which has often been *** suggest that the processes determining the community impact of predator–prey interactions are driven by the behavioral arms race between the predator and the prey,together with the habitat-dependent density of prey and net gain for the predator.

关键词： apparent competition predator–prey interaction prey choice vole cycle

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Trade-offs between wood production and forest grouse habitats in two regions with distinctive landscapes

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第2期7卷 274-289页

作者： Helena Haakana Esa Huhta hannu Hirvelä Tuula Packalen Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) PO Box 2FI-00791 HelsinkiFinland Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) PO Box 16FI-96301 RovaniemiFinland Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) PO Box 68FI-80101 JoensuuFinland.

Background:Forest management affects the viability of forest grouse populations,causing alterations to habitat *** the regional level,common targets for wood harvesting and safeguarding of specific habitats are negotiated between various *** potential trade-offs between forest grouse habitats and wood production in the region could support resource-smart decision ***:In this paper,we compiled trade-off curves represented as production possibility frontiers demonstrating the relationship between forest grouse habitat area and wood removal,using a Finnish forestry dynamics model and the Finnish Multi-Source National Forest *** the modelling of forest grouse habitats,a landscape-level occurrence model based on nationwide wildlife triangle census data was *** alternative forest scenarios in terms of wood removal were compiled for two study areas in Finland representing two different landscape *** and conclusions:Results showed that impacts on forest grouse habitats were *** the southern study area,increasing the roundwood harvesting rate affected grouse habitats more strongly as forests were already fragmented for other land uses and became more spruce-dominated over *** the maximum sustainable removal rate was implemented,predicted grouse habitat area was 55%less than in a no-removal *** the eastern study area,a more heavily forested region,the decrease was far lower at 22%.Scenario results were also compared to levels of recorded(business as usual)wood removal and that envisaged by valid regional forestry programmes,and their sustainability in terms of grouse habitat area was *** production possibility frontiers calculated in this study support the evaluation of the loss of suitable habitat caused by different wood harvesting rates,or vice versa,the economic cost of increasing habitat areas.

关键词： Forest grouse Forest landscape Habitat model Production possibilities frontier Scenario analyses Wood production

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Management strategies for aflatoxin risk mitigation in maize,dairy feeds and milk value chains-case study Kenya

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Food Quality and Safety 2021年第2期5卷 111-121页

作者： Vesa V.Joutsjoki hannu J.Korhonen Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) HelsinkiFinland

Widespread aflatoxin contamination of a great number of food and feed crops has important implications on global trade and health. Frequent occurrence of aflatoxin in maize and milk poses serious health risks to consumers because these commodities are staple foods in many African countries. This situation calls for development and implementation of rigorous aflatoxin control measures that encompass all value chains, focusing on farms where food and feed-based commodities prone to aflatoxin contamination are cultivated. Good agricultural practices (GAP) have proven to be an effective technology in mitigation and management of the aflatoxin risk under farm *** prevailing global climate change is shown to increase aflatoxin risk in tropical and subtropical ***, there is an urgent need to devise and apply novel methods to complement GAP and mitigate aflatoxin contamination in the feed, maize and milk value chains. Also, creation of awareness on aflatoxin management through training of farmers and other stakeholders and enforcement of regular surveillance of aflatoxin in food and feed chains are recommended strategies. This literature review addresses the current situation of aflatoxin occurrence in maize, dairy feeds and milk produced and traded in Kenya and current technologies applied to aflatoxin management at the farm level. Finally, a case study in Kenya on successful application of GAP for mitigation of aflatoxin risk at small-scale farms will be reviewed.

关键词： Aflatoxins contamination maize milk feed management strategies

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Multi-scale study of ductility-dip cracking in nickel-based alloy dissimilar metal weld

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第4期35卷 545-559页

作者： Yifeng Li Jianqiu Wang En-Hou Han Wenbo Wu hannu Hanninen Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Department of Mechanical Engineering Aalto University

A ductility-dip-cracking(DDC)-concentrated zone(DCZ) in a width of about 3 mm was observed adjacent to the AISI 316 L/52 Mw fusion boundary(FB) in 52 Mw. The morphology, microstructure, mechanical and thermal properties and corrosion behavior in simulated primary water of DDC/DCZ were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), 3 D X-ray tomography(XRT), 3 D atom probe(3 DAP), slow strain rate tensile(SSRT) testing and thermal dilatometry. The results indicate that DDCs are random-shaped and disc-like cavities with corrugated structure of inner surface and are parallel in groups along straight high-angle boundaries of columnar grains, ranging from micrometers to millimeters in size. Large-size M_(23)C_6 carbides dominate on the grain boundaries rather than MC(M=Nb, Ti), and thus the bonding effect of carbides is absent for the straight grain *** impurity segregation of O is confirmed for the inner surfaces of DDC. The oxide film formed on the inner surface of DDC(about 50 nm) is approximately twice as thick as that on the matrix(about 25 nm)in simulated primary water. The yield strength, tensile strength and elongation to fracture of 52 MwDCZ(400 MPa, 450 MPa and 20 %, respectively) are lower than those of 52 Mw-MZ(460 MPa, 550 MPa and 28 %, respectively). The intrinsic high-restraint weld structure, the additional stress/strain caused by the thermal expansion difference between AISI 316 L and 52 Mw as well as the detrimental carbide precipitation and the resulting grain boundary structure all add up to cause the occurrence of DCZ in the dissimilar metal weld.

关键词： Dissimilar metal weld Nickel-base alloy Ductility-dip cracking(DDC) Slow strain rate tensile(SSRT) testing Thermal expansion coefficient

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Is sibship composition a risk factor for childhood asthma? Systematic review and meta‑analysis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第12期19卷 1127-1138页

作者： Daniil Lisik Saliha SelinÖzuygur Ermis Athina Ioannidou Gregorio Paolo Milani Sungkutu Nyassi Giulia Carla Immacolata Spolidoro hannu Kankaanranta Emma Goksör Göran Wennergren Bright Ibeabughichi Nwaru Krefting Research Centre Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionInstitute of MedicineUniversity of GothenburgMedicinaregatan 1F41390 GöteborgSweden Department of Respiratory Medicine Dokuz Eylul UniversityIzmirTurkey Department of Clinical Science and Community Health University of Milan20122 MilanItaly Pediatric Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico20122 MilanItaly Tampere University Respiratory Research Group Faculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampereFinland Department of Respiratory Medicine Seinäjoki Central HospitalSeinäjokiFinland Department of Pediatrics Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden

Background Following the“hygiene hypothesis”,the role of sibship composition in asthma and wheezing has been extensively studied,but the fndings are *** the frst time,this systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized evidences from studies investigating the association of sibship size and birth order with risk of asthma and *** Fifteen databases were searched to identify eligible *** selection and data extraction were performed independently by pairs of ***-analysis with robust variance estimation(RVE)was used to produce pooled risk ratio(RR)efect estimates from comparable numerical *** From 17,466 identifed records,158 reports of 134 studies(>3 million subjects)were *** wheezing in the last≤1.5 years occurred more frequently in infants with≥1 sibling[pooled RR 1.10,95%confdence interval(CI)1.02–1.19]and≥1 older sibling(pooled RR 1.16,95%CI 1.04–1.29).The pooled efect sizes for asthma were overall statistically nonsignifcant,although having≥1 older sibling was marginally protective for subjects aged≥6 years(pooled RR 0.93,95%CI 0.88–0.99).The efect estimates weakened in studies published after 2000 compared with earlier *** Being second-born or later and having at least one sibling is associated with a slightly increased risk of temporary wheezing in *** contrast,being second-born or later is associated with marginal protection against *** associations appear to have weakened since the turn of the millennium,possibly due to lifestyle changes and socioeconomic development.

关键词： Asthma Hygiene hypothesis Respiratory sounds Siblings Systematic review

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