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What are the contributions of maternal and paternal traits to fecundity and offspring development?A case study in an amphibian species,the spined toad Bufo spinosus

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Current Zoology 2023年第5期69卷 527-534页

作者： Matthias Renoirt frédéric Angelier Marion Cheron françois Brischoux Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé CEBC UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université79360 Villiers en BoisFrance

Assessing the determinants of reproductive success is critical but often complicated because of complex interactions between parental traits and environmental conditions occurring during several stages of a reproductive ***,we used a simplified ecological situation-an amphibian species lacking post-oviposition parental care-and a laboratory approach to investigate the relationships between parental(both maternal and paternal)phenotypes(body size and condition)and reproductive success(fecundity,egg size,embryonic and larval duration,larval and metamorphic morphology).We found significant effects of maternal phenotype on fecundity,hatching success,and tadpole size,as well as on the duration of larval ***,and more surprisingly,we also found a potential contribution of the paternal phenotype occurring during early(embryonic development duration)offspring *** our study focused on life-history traits such as body size and development duration,additional mechanisms involving physiological costs of development may well mediate the relationships between parental phenotypes and offspring *** studies are required to decipher the mechanisms underlying our findings in order to clarify the mechanistic basis of the links between parental phenotypes and offspring development.

关键词： clutch quality embryonic development larval development phenotype reproductive success

PM_(2.5)characterization of primary and secondary organic aerosols in two urban-industrial areas in the East Mediterranean

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第3期33卷 98-116页

作者： Marc Fadel frédéric Ledoux Mariana Farhat Adib Kfoury Dominique Courcot Charbel Afif Emissions Measurementsand Modeling of the Atmosphere(EMMA)LaboratoryCARFaculty of SciencesSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon Unitéde Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant UCEIV UR4492FR CNRS 3417University of Littoral Côte d Opale(ULCO)DunkerqueFrance Department of Environmental Sciences University of BalamandAl KourahLebanon Climate and Atmosphere Research Center The Cyprus InstituteNicosiaCyprus

Primary and secondary organic aerosols in PM_(2.5)were investigated over a one-year campaign at Zouk Mikael and Fiaa,*** n-alkanes concentrations were quite similar at both sites(26-29 ng/m^(3))and mainly explained by anthropogenic emissions rather than natural *** concentrations of total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs)were nearly three times higher at Zouk Mikael(2.56 ng/m^(3))compared to Fiaa(0.95 ng/m^(3)),especially for indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene linked to the presence of the power plant.A characteristic indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene/(indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene+benzo[g,h,i]perylene)ratio in the range0.8-1.0 was determined for heavy fuel oil combustion from the power *** acids and hopanes were also investigated and were assigned to cooking activities and vehicular emissions *** were identified for the first time in Lebanon with high concentrations at Zouk and Fiaa(106.88 and 97.68 ng/m^(3) respectively).Moreover,the biogenic secondary aerosols revealed higher concentrations in *** total terpene concentration varied between 131 ng/m^(3) at Zouk Mikael in winter to 469 ng/m3 at Fiaa in ***,the concentrations of the dicarboxylic acids especially for adipic and phthalic acids were more influenced by anthropogenic *** analysis of molecular markers and diagnostic ratios indicated that the sites were strongly affected by anthropogenic sources such as waste open burning,diesel private generators,cooking activities,road transport,power plant,and industrial ***,results showed different pattern during winter and summer ***,higher concentrations of biogenic markers were clearly encountered during the summer period.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Secondary organic aerosols PAHs Phthalates Lebanon Urban-industrial sites

Slowed driving-reaction time following concussion-symptom resolution

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第2期10卷 145-153页

作者： Landon B.Lempke Robert C.Lynall Nicole L.Hoffman hannes Devos Julianne D.Schmidt UGA Concussion Research Laboratory Department of KinesiologyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA School of Kinesiology and Recreation Illinois State UniversityNormalIL 61790USA Laboratory for Advanced Rehabilitation Research in Simulation Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation ScienceUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA

Background:Concussed patients have impaired reaction time(RT)and cognition following injury that may linger and impair driving *** research has used direct methods to assess driving-RT *** study compared driving RT during simulated scenarios between concussed and control individuals and examined driving-RT’s relationship with traditional computerized neurocognitive testing(CNT)***:We employed a cross-sectional study among 14 concussed(15.9±9.8 days post-concussion,mean±SD)individuals and 14 healthy controls matched for age,sex,and driving *** completed a driving simulator and CNT(CNS Vital Signs)assessment within 48 h of symptom resolution.A driving-RT composite(ms)was derived from 3 simulated driving scenarios:stoplight(green to yellow),evasion(avoiding approaching vehicle),and pedestrian(person running in front of vehicle).The CNT domains included verbal and visual memory;CNT-RT(simple-,complex-,Stroop-RT individually);simple and complex attention;motor,psychomotor,and processing speed;executive function;and cognitive *** t tests and Hedge d effect sizes assessed driving-RT differences between groups,Pearson correlations(r)examined driving RT and CNT domain relationships among cohorts separately,and p values were controlled for false discovery rate via Benjamini-Hochberg procedures(a=0.05).Results:Concussed participants demonstrated slower driving-RT composite scores than controls(mean difference=292.86 ms;95%confidence interval(95%CI):70.18515.54;p=0.023;d=0.992).Evasion-RT(p=0.054;d=0.806),pedestrian-RT(p=0.258;d=0.312),and stoplight-RT(p=0.292;d=0.585)outcomes were not statistically significant after false-discovery rate corrections but demonstrated medium to large effect sizes for concussed *** concussed individuals,driving-RT outcomes did not significantly correlate with CNT domains(r-range:0.51 to 0.55;p>0.05).No correlations existed between driving-RT outcomes a

关键词： Mild traumatic brain injury Motor vehicle Neurocognitive function Response time Return to driving

Benefit of combination β-blocker and endoscopic treatment to prevent variceal rebleeding: A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第47期16卷 5982-5992页

作者： Natalie Funakoshi frédérique Ségalas-Largey Yohan Duny frédéric Oberti Jean-Christophe Valats Michael Bismuth Jean-Pierre Daurès Pierre Blanc Department of Hepato-gastroenterology B Saint Eloi Hospital University Hospital of Montpellier Department of Statistics University Hospital of Nimes Department of Hepato-gastroenterology University Hospital of Angers

AIM: To determine whether the association of β-blockers with endoscopic treatment is superior to endoscopic treatment alone for the secondary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleeding. METHODS: Randomised controlled trials comparing sclerotherapy (SCL) with SCL plus β-blockers (BB) or banding ligation (BL) with BL plus BB were identif *** outcomes were overall and 6, 12 and 24 mo rebleeding rates, as well as overall and 6, 12 and 24 mo mortality. Two statistical methods were used: Yusuf-Peto, and Der Simonian and Laird. Inter-trial heterogeneity was systematically taken into account. RESULTS: Seventeen randomised controlled trials were included, 14 with SCL and 3 with BL. Combination β-blocker and endoscopic treatment signif icantly reduced rebleeding rates at 6, 12 and 24 mo and overall [odds ratio (OR): 2.20, 95% conf idence interval (CI): 1.69-2.85, P<0.0001] compared to endoscopic treatment alone. Mortality at 24 mo was signif icantly lower for the combined treatment group (OR: 1.83, 95% CI:1.16-2.90, P= 0.009), as well as overall mortality (OR: 1.43, 95% CI:1.03-1.98, P= 0.03). CONCLUSION: Combination therapy should thus be recommended as the fi rst line treatment for secondary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleeding.

关键词： Oesophageal varices Portal hypertension Cirrhosis Secondary prevention β-blockers Banding ligation

The four stages of development： a historical prospective of external counterpulsation

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2010年第2期7卷 74-78页

作者： John ck Hui Zhen-Sheng Zheng Cardiology Dept State University of New YorkStony BrookNew Yorkand Vasomedical IncWestburyNew YorkUSA The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation Health Ministry of China and Cardiology DeptThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yet-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

There are four stages in medical device *** beginning starts with some new understanding of physiological concepts which evolve into the formation of an innovative idea. The second stage is the technical development phase,from idea to the development of a design to technical reality. At this stage,capital funding and patent applications for the development are necessary but they are not considered here. The third stage is experimental and clinical studies,a data gathering phase to provide evidence of safety and effectiveness of the applications of the device.

关键词：历史体外技术开发医疗器械创新思想专利申请应用程序数据收集

The role of temperature‐enhanced fault closure in promoting postinjection pressure diffusion and seismicity in enhanced geothermal systems

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2023年第4期2卷 394-405页

作者： Yinlin Ji Yuedu Chen hannes Hofmann Yuan Zhang Arno Zang Günter Zimmermann Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Key Laboratory of In‐situ Property‐improving Mining of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanChina Institute of Applied Geosciences Technische Universität BerlinBerlinGermany Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining(CUMT) Ministry of EducationSchool of MinesChina University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouChina

Post shut‐in seismic events in enhanced geothermal systems(EGSs)occur predominantly at the outer rim of the co‐injection seismic *** concept of postinjection fracture and fault closure near the injection well has been proposed and validated as a mechanism for enhancing post shut‐in pressure diffusion that promotes seismic *** phenomenon is primarily attributed to the poro‐elastic closure of fractures resulting from the reduction of wellbore pressure after injection ***,the thermal effects in EGSs,mainly including heat transfer and thermal stress,may not be trivial and their role in postinjection fault closure and pressure evolution needs to be *** this study,we performed numerical simulations to analyze the relative importance of poro‐elasticity,heat transfer,and thermo‐elasticity in promoting postinjection fault closure and pressure *** numerical model wasﬁrst validated against analytical solutions in terms ofﬂuid pressure diffusion and against heatedﬂow‐through experiments in terms of thermal *** then quantiﬁed and distinguished the contribution of each individual mechanism by comparing four different shut‐in scenarios simulated under different coupled *** results highlight the importance of poro‐elastic fault closure in promoting postinjection pressure buildup and seismicity,and suggest that heat transfer can further augment the fault closure‐induced pressure increase and thus potentially intensify the postinjection seismic hazard,with minimal contribution from thermo‐elasticity.

关键词： enhanced geothermal system(EGS) fault closure hydraulic stimulation postinjection seismicity thermal effects thermo‐poro‐elasticity

Dental stem cell-conditioned medium for tissue regeneration: Optimization of production and storage

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第4期14卷 287-302页

作者： Batoul Chouaib frédéric Cuisinier Pierre-Yves Collart-Dutilleul Laboratory Bioengineering and Nanosciences UR_UM104 University of MontpellierMontpellier 34000France

BAckGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)effects on tissue regeneration are mainly mediated by their secreted substances(secretome),inducing their paracrine *** Conditioned medium(CM),including soluble factors(proteins,nucleic acids,lipids)and extracellular vesicles is emerging as a potential alternative to cell ***,the manufacturing of CM suffers from variable procedures and protocols leading to varying results between ***,there is no welldefined optimized procedure targeting specific applications in regenerative *** To focus on conditioned medium produced from dental MSC(DMSC-CM),we reviewed the current parameters and manufacturing protocols,in order to propose a standardization and optimization of these manufacturing *** We have selected all publications investigating the effects of dental MSC secretome in in vitro and in vivo models of tissue regeneration,in accordance with the PRISMA *** A total of 351 results were *** based on the inclusion criteria described above,118 unique articles were included in the systematic ***-CM production was considered at three stages:before CM recovery(cell sources for CM),during CM production(culture conditions)and after production(CM treatment).CONCLUSION No clear consensus could be recovered as evidence-based methods,but we were able to describe the most commonly used protocols:donors under 30 years of age,dental pulp stem cells and exfoliated deciduous tooth stem cells with cell passage between 1 and 5,at a confluence of 70%to 80%.CM were often collected during 48 h,and stored at-80°*** is important to point out that the preconditioning environment had a significant impact on DMSCCM content and efficiency.

关键词： Tissue engineering Mesenchymal stem cells Dental Conditioned medium Secretome Regeneration

Developing a Pedagogy of Education for Sustainable Futures:Experiences and Observations from Danish Preschools

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ECNU Review of Education 2019年第4期2卷 475-496页

作者： Stig Brostrom Thorleif frøkjær Danish School of Education Aarhus UniversityTuborgvej 164Building D1062400 København NVDenmark University College Copenhagen

Purpose:This article aims to outline an approach to education for sustainability based on play and science ***/Approach/Methods:While deviated from traditional academic articles,this article has combined knowledge drawn from various action research projects and personal observations from a number of preschool ***:The article results in the development of an educational method:a scientific playworld to support emergent science and ***/Value:The constructed educational approach is value-oriented and challenges children to strike a balance between pessimism and optimism in addressing major societal themes.

关键词： Action research play playworld science sustainable development

Imaging of the gastrointestinal tract-novel technologies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第2期15卷 160-168页

作者： Jens Brφndum frφkjr Asbjφrn Mohr Drewes Hans Gregersen Mech-Sence Aalborg HospitalDK-9000 Aalborg Denmark Department of Radiology Aalborg Hospital DK-9000 Aalborg Denmark Mech-Sence Aalborg Hospital DK-9000 Aalborg Denmark Mech-Sense Department of Medical Gastroenterology Aalborg University Hospital DK-9000 Aalborg Denmark National Center for Ultrasound in Gastroenterology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI) Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University Denmark Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI) Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University DK-9000 Aalborg Denmark

Imaging of the gastrointestinal tract is very useful for research and clinical studies of patients with symptoms arising from the gastrointestinal tract and in visualising anatomy and pathology. Traditional radiological techniques played a leading role in such studies for a long time. However, advances in non-invasive modalities including ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), etc, have in the last decades revolutionised the way in which the gastrointestinal tract is studied. The resolution of imaging data is constantly being improved and 3D acquisition, tools for fi ltering, enhancement, segmentation and tissue classif ication are continually being developed. Additional co-registration techniques allow multimodal data acquisition with improved classif ication of tissue pathology. Furthermore, new functional imaging techniques have become available. Altogether, the future of gastrointestinal imaging looks very promising which will be of great benef it in clinical and research studies of gastrointestinal diseases. The purpose of this review is to highlight the capabilities of the newest techniques to explore the detailed morphology, biomechanical properties, function and pathology of the gastrointestinal tract.

关键词： Computed tomography Gastrointestinaltract Imaging Magnetic resonance Radiology Ultrasound