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medication beliefs predict medication adherence in ambulatory patients with decompensated cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第40期23卷 7321-7331页

作者： Kelly L Hayward Patricia C Valery Jennifer H martin Antara Karmakar Preya J Patel Leigh U Horsfall Caroline J Tallis Katherine A Stuart Penny L Wright David D Smith Katharine m Irvine Elizabeth E powell W Neil Cottrell Pharmacy Department Princess Al-exandra Hospital The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Cancer and Chronic Disease Research Group QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute School of medicine and Public Health The University of Newcastle The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra Hospital The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra Hospital Statistics Unit QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland

AIm To investigate the impact of medication beliefs, illness perceptions and quality of life on medication adherence in people with decompensated *** One hundred adults with decompensated cirrhosis completed a structured questionnaire when they attended for routine outpatient hepatology review. measures of self-reported medication adherence(morisky medication Adherence Scale), beliefs surrounding medications(Beliefs about medicines Questionnaire), perceptions of illness and medicines(Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire), and quality of life(Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire) were examined. Clinical data were obtained via patient history and review of medical records. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and stepwise backwards regression techniques were used to construct the multivariable logistic regression model. Statistical significance was set at alpha = *** medication adherence was " High " in 42 % o f participants, "medium" in 37%, and "Low" in 21%. Compared to patients with "High" adherence, those with "medium" or "Low" adherence were more likely to report difficulty affording their medications(P ment helpfulness(P = 0.003) and stronger medication concerns relative to medication necessity beliefs(P = 0.003). People with "Low" adherence also experienced greater symptom burden and poorer quality of life, including more frequent abdominal pain(P = 0.023), shortness of breath(P = 0.030), and emotional disturbances(P = 0.050). multivariable analysis identified having stronger medication concerns relative to necessity beliefs(Necessity-Concerns Differential ≤ 5, OR = 3.66, 95%CI: 1.18-11.40) and more frequent shortness of breath(shortness of breath score ≤ 3, OR = 3.87,95%CI: 1.22-12.25) as independent predictors of "Low"*** The association between "Low" adherence and patients having strong concerns or doubting the necessity or helpfulness of their medications should be explor

关键词： medication adherence medication beliefs Illness perceptions Quality of life Liver cirrhosis

Low serum neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody levels in mildly affected COVID-19 convalescent patients revealed by two different detection methods

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 936-944页

作者： Berislav Bosnjak Saskia Catherina Stein Stefanie Willenzon Anne Katrin Cordes Wolfram Puppe Gunter Bernhardt Inga Ravens Christiane Ritter Christian R.Schultze-Florey Nina Godecke Jorg martens hannah Kleine-Weber markus Hoffmann Anne Cossmann mustafa Yilmaz Isabelle Pink marius m.Hoeper Georg m.N.Behrens Stefan Pohlm ann Rainer Blasczyk Thomas F.Schulz Reinhold Forster Institute of Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany lnstitute of Virology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Department of Hematology HemostasisOncology and Stem Cell TransplantationHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Institute of Transfusion medicine and Transplant Engineering Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research GottingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology University GottingenGottingenGermany Department of Rheum atology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Public Health Department HannoverGermany Department of Pneumology and German Centre of Lung Research(DZL) Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site Hannover-BraunschweigHannoverGermany Cluster of Excellence RESIST(EXC 2155) Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany

Neutralizing antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain(RBD)of the SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)block severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)entry into cells via surface-expressed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2).We used a surrogate virus neutralization test(sVNT)and SARS-CoV-2 S protein-pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV)vector-based neutralization assay(pVNT)to assess the degree to which serum antibodies from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)convalescent patients interfere with the binding of SARS-CoV-2 S to *** tests revealed neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies in the sera of ~90% of mildly and 100% of severely affected COVID-19 convalescent ***,sVNT and pVNT results correlated strongly with each other and to the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG and IgA ***,levels of neutralizing antibodies correlated with the duration and severity of clinical symptoms but not with patient *** to pVNT,sVNT is less sophisticated and does not require any biosafety *** this assay is also much faster and cheaper,sVNT will not only be important for evaluating the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in a population but also for identifying promising plasma donors for successful passive antibody therapy.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing antibody Serum ELISA

Designing extra-curricular dance programs: UK physical education and dance teachers’ perspectives

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Open Journal of Preventive medicine 2013年第1期3卷 111-117页

作者： Simon J. Sebire Jade mcNeill Laura Pool Anne m. Haase Jane powell Russell Jago Centre for Exercise Nutrition & Health Sciences School for Policy Studies University of Bristol Bristol UK Faculty of Health & Life Sciences University of the West of England Bristol UK

many girls do not engage in sufficient physical activity (PA). Dance is a popular form of PA among UKsecondary school-aged girls and extracurricular dance programs delivered by dance specialists may provide an alternative way to increase PA amongst girls aged 11 - 12. The purpose of this study was to explore the views of physical education and dance teachers on the structure, content and delivery of an extra-curricular dance-based PA intervention for adolescent girls. methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with eleven physical education teachers and eleven dance teachers, and were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Themes identified addressed key logistical and content/delivery-based factors to be considered when designing a dance-based PA intervention. Logistical factors included optimizing participant recruitment and aligning external providers with school behavior management policies. Content/delivery factors focused on teacher-student rapport, facilitating dance competence, and balancing teacher and student-led time. Conclusions: This formative study highlighted that an extra-curricular dance-based PA intervention would be welcomed inUK schools. A number of considerations central to the design and delivery of such a program were identified from key user groups which can be used to inform the development of school-based dance (and non-dance) interventions aimed at increasing PA amongst adolescent girls.

关键词： Physical Activity Intervention Intervention Design Qualitative Research

Effects of target pre-heating and expansion on terahertz radiation production from intense laser-solid interactions

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2014年第1期2卷 13-17页

作者： X.H.Yuan Y.Fang D.C.Carroll D.A.macLellan F.Du N.Booth m.Burza m.Chen R.J.Gray Y.F.Jin Y.T.Li Y.Liu D.Neely H.powell G.Scott C.-G.Wahlstrm J.Zhang P.mcKenna Z.m.Sheng Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences SUPA Department of Physics University of Strathclyde Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Department of Physics Lund University

The first experimental measurements of intense(～7 × 1019 W cm-2) laser-driven terahertz(THz) radiation from a solid target which is preheated by an intense pulse of laser-accelerated protons is reported. The total energy of the THz radiation is found to decrease by approximately a factor of 2 compared to a cold target reference. This is attributed to an increase in the scale length of the preformed plasma, driven by proton heating, at the front surface of the target,where the THz radiation is generated. The results show the importance of controlling the preplasma scale length for THz production.

关键词： target heating terahertz radiation

Early versus Late Tracheostomy for Ventilator Dependence after Cardiovascular Surgery: Long-Term Results

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2013年第3期3卷 114-118页

作者： Joseph m. Ladowski hannah E. Downey Bennet J. Ladowski Joseph S. Ladowski Lutheran Hospital of Indiana Fort Wayne USA

Although concerns exist about the possibility of infecting a sternotomy wound by performing a tracheostomy early after cardiac surgery, it has been shown that tracheostomy performed before postoperative day 10 can improve outcomes for cardiovascular surgery patients who require long-term ventilation. We retrospectively reviewed all charts for patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery and required tracheostomy at a single-institution site from January 2005 to July 2012. Patients were divided into two groups based upon whether their tracheostomy was performed less than 10 days after their initial operation (early tracheostomy) or ≥10 days after their initial operation (late tracheostomy). Preoperative demographics and postoperative complications were studied. There were no new mediastinitis episodes following tracheostomy. Early tracheostomy was associated with higher 90-day (74.4% vs 56.8%) and 180-day (47.4% vs 28.7%, p 0.047) survival when compared to late tracheostomy. Early tracheostomy after cardiovascular surgery does not seem to be associated with an increased rate of mediastinitis but is associated with improved survival.

关键词： Surgery Cardiovascular Injury Lung Intensive Care mediastinitis

Identification of common and distinct origins of human serum and breastmilk IgA1 by mass spectrometry-based clonal profiling

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2023年第1期20卷 26-37页

作者： Kelly A.Dingess max Hoek Danique m.Hvan Rijswijk Sem Tamara maurits Aden Boer Tim Veth mirjam J.A.Damen Arjan Barendregt michelle Romijn hannah G.Juncker Britt Jvan Keulen Gestur Vidarsson Johannes Bvan Goudoever Albert Bondt Albert J.R.Heck Biomolecular mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of UtrechtPadualaan 8Utrecht 3584 CHThe Netherlands Netherlands Proteomics Center Padualaan 8Utrecht 3584 CHThe Netherlands Amsterdam UmC Vrije UniversiteitUniversity of AmsterdamEmma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam Reproduction&Development Research InstituteDepartment of PediatricsAmsterdamthe Netherlands Department of Experimental Immunohematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands

The most abundant immunoglobulin present in the human body is IgA. It has the highest concentrations at the mucosal lining and in biofluids such as milk and is the second most abundant class of antibodies in serum. We assessed the structural diversity and clonal repertoire of IgA1-containing molecular assemblies longitudinally in human serum and milk from three donors using a mass spectrometry-based approach. IgA-containing molecules purified from serum or milk were assessed by the release and subsequent analysis of their Fab fragments. Our data revealed that serum IgA1 consists of two distinct structural populations, namely monomeric IgA1 (∼80%) and dimeric joining (J-) chain coupled IgA1 (∼20%). Also, we confirmed that IgA1 in milk is present solely as secretory (S)IgA, consisting of two (∼50%), three (∼33%) or four (∼17%) IgA1 molecules assembled with a J-chain and secretory component (SC). Interestingly, the serum and milk IgA1-Fab repertoires were distinct between monomeric, and J-chain coupled dimeric IgA1. The serum dimeric J-chain coupled IgA1 repertoire contained several abundant clones also observed in the milk IgA1 repertoire. The latter repertoire had little to no overlap with the serum monomeric IgA1 repertoire. This suggests that human IgA1s have (at least) two distinct origins;one of these produces dimeric J-chain coupled IgA1 molecules, shared in human serum and milk, and another produces monomeric IgA1 ending up exclusively in serum.

关键词： Antigen binding fragment Immunoglobulin A1 Clonal repertoires human milk Serum

Tipping the balance:Haemoglobinopathies and the risk ofdiabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2016年第1期7卷 8-13页

作者： Henry J Baldwin Aislinn E Green Kayleigh m Spellar Philip J Arthur hannah G Phillips Jeetesh V Patel University of Nottingham medical School Nottingham NG7 2UHUnited Kingdom University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS TrustWest Midlands B18 7QHUnited Kingdom Sandwell medical Research Unit LyndonSandwell General HospitalWest Midlands B71 4HJUnited Kingdom

AIm: To establish a link between the risk of diabetes with haemoglobinopathies by examining available evidence of the effects of iron and blood glucose homeostasis from molecular to epidemiological ***: A systematic literature search was performed using electronic literature databases using various search terms. The International Diabetes Federation World Atlas was used to generate a list of populations with high rates of diabetes. Pub med, Scopus and Google Scholar were used to identify which of these populations also had a reported prevalence of haemoglobin ***: Abnormalities in iron homeostasis leads to increases in reactive oxygen species in the blood. This promotes oxidative stress which contributes to peripheral resistance to insulin in two ways:(1) reduced insulin/insulin receptor interaction; and(2) β-cell dysfunction. Hepcidin is crucial in terms of maintaining appropriate amounts of iron in the body and is in turn affected by haemoglobinopathies. Hepcidin also has other metabolic effects in places such as the liver but so far the extent of these is not well understood. It does however directly control the levels of serum ferritin. High serum ferritin is found in obese patients and those with diabetes and a meta-analysis of the various studies shows that high serum ferritin does indeed increase diabetes ***: From an epidemiological standpoint, it is plausible that the well-documented protective effects of haemoglobinopathies with regard to malaria may have also offered other evolutionary advantages. By contributing to peripheral insulin resistance, haemoglobinopathies may have helped to sculpt the so-called "thrifty genotype", which hypothetically is advantageous in times of famine. The prevalence data however is not extensive enough to provide concrete associations between diabetes and haemoglobinopathies- more precise studies are required.

关键词： Diabetes Ferritin Haemoglobinopathy Ironmetabolism malaria

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency after pancreaticoduodenectomy: Current evidence and management

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2020年第2期11卷 20-31页

作者： Adithya m Pathanki Joseph A Attard Elizabeth Bradley Sarah powell-Brett Bobby V m Dasari John R Isaac Keith J Roberts Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias Department of HPB and Liver Transplantation Queen Elizabeth HospitalUniversity Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Queen Elizabeth HospitalUniversity Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom

Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)is the commonest procedure performed for pancreatic *** exocrine insufficiency(PEI)may be caused or exacerbated by surgery and remains underdiagnosed and *** aim of this review was to ascertain the incidence of PEI,its consequences and management in the setting of PD for indications other than chronic pancreatitis.A literature search of databases(mEDLINE,EmBASE,Cochrane and Scopus)was carried out with the meSH terms“pancreatic exocrine insufficiency”and“Pancreaticoduodenectomy”.Studies that analysed PEI and its complications in the setting of PD for malignant and benign disease were *** reporting PEI in the setting of PD for chronic pancreatitis,conference abstracts and reviews were *** incidence of PEI approached 100%following PD in some *** pre-operative incidence varied depending on the characteristics of the patient cohort and it was higher(46%-93%)in series where pancreatic cancer was the predominant indication for *** was also recorded with regards to the method used for the diagnosis and evaluation of pancreatic function and *** enzyme replacement therapy is the mainstay of the *** is common and remains undertreated after *** studies are required for the identification of a welltolerated,reliable and reproducible diagnostic test in this setting.

关键词： Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Pancreaticoduodenectomy Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy Pancreatic cancer malabsorption Steatorrhoea

冀东迁西三屯营地区早太古宙三组片麻岩的岩石地球化学及其成因

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地质论评 1993年第3期39卷 205-215页

作者：刘武旭杨振升 D.powell m.F.Thirlwall C.L.R.Friend 长春地质学院地质系伦敦大学R.H.B.新立学院地质系牛津综合理工学院地质系

冀东迁西三屯营地区的高级变质杂岩,主要由早太古宙的三组片麻岩所组成。岩石地球化学研究表明,较早期的三屯营片麻岩为钙碱性石英闪长质岩石,除U和Th外,它不亏损不相容元素。较晚期的小关庄片麻岩和秋花峪片麻岩,分别为钙碱性石英闪长... 详细信息

冀东迁西三屯营地区的高级变质杂岩,主要由早太古宙的三组片麻岩所组成。岩石地球化学研究表明,较早期的三屯营片麻岩为钙碱性石英闪长质岩石,除U和Th外,它不亏损不相容元素。较晚期的小关庄片麻岩和秋花峪片麻岩,分别为钙碱性石英闪长质和钙碱性英云闪长—奥长花岗质岩石,二者均发生了不相容元素的亏损。三屯营地区的岩石亏损与未亏损是源岩浆所具有的特征,可能是初始地壳形成时上地幔不均匀造成的。

关键词：麻粒岩早太古宙岩石地球化学