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Assessing the microbiota of recycled bedding sand on a Wisconsin dairy farm

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 601-612页

作者： Hannah E.Pilch Andrew J.Steinberger Donald C.Sockett Nicole Aulik Garret Suen Charles J.Czuprynski Department of Pathobiological Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Department of Bacteriology University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Microbiology Doctoral Training Program University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA

Background:Sand is often considered the preferred bedding material for dairy cows as it is thought to have lower bacterial counts than organic bedding materials and cows bedded on sand experience fewer cases of lameness and disease.Sand can also be efficiently recycled and reused,making it cost-effective.However,some studies have suggested that the residual organic material present in recycled sand can serve as a reservoir for commensal and pathogenic bacteria,although no studies have yet characterized the total bacterial community composition.Here we sought to characterize the bacterial community composition of a Wisconsin dairy farm bedding sand recycling system and its dynamics across several stages of the recycling process during both summer and winter using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.Results:Bacterial community compositions of the sand recycling system differed by both seasons and stage.Summer samples had higher richness and distinct community compositions,relative to winter samples.In both summer and winter samples,the diversity of recycled sand decreased with time drying in the recycling room.Compositionally,summer sand 14 d post-recycling was enriched in operational taxonomic units(OTUs)belonging to the genera Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas,relative to freshly washed sand and sand from cow pens.In contrast,no OTUs were found to be enriched in winter sand.The sand recycling system contained an overall core microbiota of 141 OTUs representing 68.45%±10.33%SD of the total bacterial relative abundance at each sampled stage.The 4 most abundant genera in this core microbiota included Acinetobacter,Psychrobacter,Corynebacterium,and Pseudomonas.Acinetobacter was present in greater abundance in summer samples,whereas Psychrobacter and Corynebacterium had higher relative abundances in winter samples.Pseudomonas had consistent relative abundances across both seasons.Conclusions:These findings highlight the potential of recycled bedding sand as a bacterial reservoir that warrants further study.

关键词： Bovine Dairy farm Microbiota Recycled bedding sand 16S rRNA sequencing

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Increasing phosphorus fertilizer value of recycled iron phosphates by prolonged flooding and organic matter addition

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 631-640页

作者： Rochelle Joie SARACANLAO hannah VAN RYCKeL Mieke VeRBeeCK Maarten eVeRAeRT erik SMOLDeRS Division of Soil and Water Management Department of Earth and Environmental ScienceKU Leuven Soil Service of Belgium

Iron(Fe) minerals are commonly used to remove phosphorus(P) from waste streams, producing P-loaded Fe(Ⅲ) oxides or Fe(Ⅱ) phosphate minerals(e.g., vivianite). These minerals may be used as fertilizers to enhance P circularity if solubilized in soil. Here, we tested the P fertilizer value of recycled Fe phosphates(FePs) in a pot trial and in an incubation experiment, hypothesizing that P release from FePs is possible under Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing conditions. First, a pot trial was set up with rice(Oryza sativa) in all combinations of soil flooding or not, three P-deficient soils(acid, neutral, and calcareous), and six FePs(three Fe(Ⅲ)Ps and three Fe(Ⅱ)Ps) referenced to triple superphosphate(TSP) or zero amendments. Shoot P uptake responded to TSP application in all treatments but only marginally to FePs. The redox potential did not decrease to-200 mV by flooding for a brief period(13 d) during the pot trial. A longer incubation experiment(60 d) was performed, including a treatment of glutamate addition to stimulate reductive conditions, and P availability was assessed with CaCl2extraction of soils. Glutamate addition and/or longer incubation lowered soil redox potential to e longer term, Fe(Ⅲ) minerals released P,and adequate P was reached in the calcareous soil and in the neutral soil amended with Fe(Ⅲ)P-sludge. It can be concluded that prolonged soil flooding and organic matter addition can enhance the P fertilizer efficiency of FePs. Additionally, application of FeP in powder form may enhance P availability.

关键词： agronomic efficiency circular economy P-loaded Fe(III) oxides paddy soil redox vivianite

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3-Dimensional Kinematic Comparison of Arm Movements between an Individual with NGLY1 Deficiency and a Neurotypical Individual

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第4期13卷 122-146页

作者： Charles S. Layne Christopher A. Malaya Brock Futrell Dacia Martinez Diaz Christian Alfaro hannah e. Gustafson Subhalakshmi Chandrasekaran Rhea M. Phatak Bernhard Suter Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston TX USA Center for Neuromotor and Biomechanics Research University of Houston Houston TX USA Center for Neuro engineering and Cognitive Science University of Houston Houston TX USA Department of Computer Science and engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA Blue Bird Circle Rett Center Texas Children&#8217s Hospital Houston TX USA Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA

NGLY1 Deficiency is an ultra-rare autosomal recessively inherited disorder. Characteristic symptoms include among others, developmental delays, movement disorders, liver function abnormalities, seizures, and problems with tear formation. Movements are hyperkinetic and may include dysmetric, choreo-athetoid, myoclonic and dystonic movement elements. To date, there have been no quantitative reports describing arm movements of individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency. This report provides quantitative information about a series of arm movements performed by an individual with NGLY1 Deficiency and an aged-matched neurotypical participant. Three categories of arm movements were tested: 1) open ended reaches without specific end point targets;2) goal-directed reaches that included grasping an object;3) picking up small objects from a table placed in front of the participants. Arm movement kinematics were obtained with a camera-based motion analysis system and “initiation” and “maintenance” phases were identified for each movement. The combination of the two phases was labeled as a “complete” movement. Three-dimensional analysis techniques were used to quantify the movements and included hand trajectory pathlength, joint motion area, as well as hand trajectory and joint jerk cost. These techniques were required to fully characterize the movements because the NGLY1 individual was unable to perform movements only in the primary plane of progression instead producing motion across all three planes of movement. The individual with NGLY1 Deficiency was unable to pick up objects from a table or effectively complete movements requiring crossing the midline. The successfully completed movements were analyzed using the above techniques and the results of the two participants were compared statistically. Almost all comparisons revealed significant differences between the two participants, with a notable exception of the 3D initiation area as a percentage of the complete movement. The statistical tests of these measures revealed no signi

关键词： NGLY1 Deficiency Developmental Disorders Kinematics 3 Dimensional Analyses

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Regulation of enolase activation to promote neural protection and regeneration in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1457-1462页

作者： hannah MMcCoy Rachel Polcyn Naren LBanik Azizul Haque Department of Microbiology and Immunology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Department of Neurosurgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Ralph H.Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center CharlestonSCUSA

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a debilitating condition characterized by damage to the spinal cord resulting in loss of function,mobility,and sensation with no U.S.Food and Drug Administration-approved cure.enolase,a multifunctional glycolytic enzyme upregulated after SCI,promotes pro-and anti-inflammatory events and regulates functional recovery in SCI.enolase is normally expressed in the cytosol,but the expression is upregulated at the cell surface following cellular injury,promoting glial cell activation and signal transduction pathway activation.SCI-induced microglia activation triggers pro-inflammatory mediators at the injury site,activating other immune cells and metabolic events,i.e.,Rho-associated kinase,contributing to the neuroinflammation found in SCI.enolase surface expression also activates cathepsin X,resulting in cleavage of the C-terminal end of neuron-specific enolase(NSe)and non-neuronal enolase(NNe).Fully functional enolase is necessary as NSe/NNe C-terminal proteins activate many neurotrophic processes,i.e.,the plasminogen activation system,phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B,and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase.Studies here suggest an enolase inhibitor,eNOblock,attenuates the activation of Rho-associated kinase,which may decrease glial cell activation and promote functional recovery following SCI.Also,eNOblock inhibits cathepsin X,which may help prevent the cleavage of the neurotrophic C-terminal protein allowing full plasminogen activation and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase activity.The combined NSe/cathepsin X inhibition may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing neuroinflammation/degeneration and promoting neural cell regeneration and recovery following SCI.The role of cell membrane-expressed enolase and associated metabolic events should be investigated to determine if the same strategies can be applied to other neurodegenerative diseases.Hence,this review discus

关键词： cathepsin X eNOblock enolase glia mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase neurodegeneration neuroinflammation phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B Rho-associated protein kinase spinal cord injury

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Disinfection byproducts in chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas: Role of brominated DBPs and association with mutagenicity

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 253-263页

作者： hannah K.Liberatore eric J.Daiber Sridevi A.Ravuri Judith e.Schmid Susan D.Richardson David M.DeMarini Air Methods and Characterization Division Center for Environmental Measurement and ModelingU.S.Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNC 27711USA Student Services Authority U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyNational Exposure Research LaboratoryAthensGA 30605USA National Health and environmental effects Research Laboratory U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNC 27711USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Although the health benefits of swimming are well-documented, health effects such as asthma and bladder cancer are linked to disinfection by-products(DBPs) in pool water. DBPs are formed from the reaction of disinfectants such as chlorine(Cl) or bromine(Br) with organics in the water. Our previous study(Daiber et al., environ. Sci. Technol. 50, 6652;2016) found correlations between the concentrations of classes of DBPs and the mutagenic potencies of waters from chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas. We extended this study by identifying significantly different concentrations of 21 individual DBPs in brominated or chlorinated pool and spa waters as well as identifying which DBPs and additional DBP classes were most associated with the mutagenicity of these waters. Using data from our previous study, we found that among 21 DBPs analyzed in 21 pool and spa waters, the concentration of bromoacetic acid was significantly higher in Brwaters versus Cl-waters, whereas the concentration of trichloroacetic acid was significantly higher in Cl-waters. Five Br-DBPs(tribromomethane, dibromochloroacetic acid, dibromoacetonitrile, bromoacetic acid, and tribromoacetic acid) had significantly higher concentrations in Br-spa versus Cl-spa waters. Cl-pools had significantly higher concentrations of ClDBPs(trichloroacetaldehyde, trichloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, and chloroacetic acid), whereas Br-pools had significantly higher concentrations of Br-DBPs(tribromomethane, dibromoacetic acid, dibromoacetonitrile, and tribromoacetic acid). The concentrations of the sum of all 4 trihalomethanes, all 11 Br-DBPs, and all 5 nitrogen-containing DBPs were each significantly higher in brominated than in chlorinated pools and spas. The 8 Br-DBPs were the only DBPs whose individual concentrations were significantly correlated with the mutagenic potencies of the pool and spa waters. These results, along with those from our earlier study, highlight the importance of Br-DBPs in the mutagenicity of these recreational waters.

关键词： Swimming pools Hot tubs Mutagenicity Disinfection byproducts Spas

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Advances of nanotechnologies for hydraulic fracturing of coal seam gas reservoirs:potential applications and some limitations in Australia

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第2期9卷 1-18页

作者： hannah Marsden Sudeshna Basu Alberto Striolo Melanie MacGregor Department of Chemical engineering University College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson Lakes BvdMawson LakesSA 5195Australia Department of earth Sciences University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BSUK School of Chemical Biological and Materials EngineeringUniversity of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science&Technology College of Science and EngineeringFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSA 5042Australia

Some of the most promising potential applications of nanotechnology to hydraulic fracturing of coal seam gas(CSG)are reviewed with a focus on Australian CSG wells.Three propitious applications were identifed:(1)Nanoparticle enhanced viscoelastic surfactants(VeS)fracturing fuids to prevent fuid loss by up to 30%,made possible by the formation of pseudo-flter cakes and reducing the viscosity of the VeS fuids.Besides,there is no requirement of clay control additives or biocides.(2)Nano-proppants to extend fracture networks and reduce proppant embedment by introducing them prior to the emplacement of larger proppants.Fly Ash nanoparticles can be particularly efective because of their high sphericity and mechanical strength.(3)Nanoparticle-coated proppants,to mitigate the migration of particle fnes by restricting them close to their source by adsorption,with MgO being the most efective.The use of nanotechnology in hydraulic fracturing applications is currently hindered due to a discordant regulatory environment compounded by the cost of the nanoparticles themselves,as well as,a lack of feld data to validate the technology under real downhole conditions.Although the necessary feld tests are unlikely to be conducted for as long as abundant natural gas is available,exploratory studies could pave the way for future applications.

关键词： Coal bed methane Nanoparticles Fracturing fuids Proppant Natural gas

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Changes of water chemistry from rainfall to stream flow in Obagbile Catchment, Southwest Nigeria

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Regional Sustainability 2022年第2期3卷 170-181页

作者： Mojisola hannah OMOGBeHIN Isaac Ayo OLUWATIMILeHIN Department of Geography Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle Ife220101Nigeria

Water chemistry changes when it flows through different pathways.This study aims to characterize the differences of water(including rainwater,overland flow,soil water,groundwater,and stream water)chemistry of five kinds of water in Obagbile Catchment in Southwest Nigeria,determine the changes in water chemistry that occur as the water moves from one pathway to another,and identify the factors responsible for the water chemistry changes.To do these,we collected 50 water samples from 10 heavy storms that received equal to or more than 10 mm of rain within an hour to test the changes of water chemical properties across various pathways in this study.The results show that overland flow had the highest p H and electrical conductivity(eC)and rainwater had the lowest values of the two parameters.Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Cl^(ˉ),and HCOO^(ˉ) were found to have their highest concentrations in stream water;meanwhile,NO_(3)^(–),NH_(4)^(+),and SO_(4)^(2–) were found to have almost the same low concentrations in all the water samples.K+was only dominant in stream water;while dissolved organic carbon(DOC)was lowest in rainwater,same in overland flow,soil water,and groundwater samples,and highest in stream flow.Principal component analysis(PCA)showed that for all the water samples from different pathways,two factors mainly accounted for the total variances.The two factors were related to the crustal and anthropogenic sources in rainwater,suggesting that the high loadings of major cations(e.g.,Ca^(2+) and Mg^(2+)) in rainwater samples are soil-derived.The PCA for the overland flow and soil water showed strong correlations among pH,eC,and the concentrations of Na^(+),Mg^(2+),HCOO^(-),and CH_(3)COO^(-),while the high loadings of all the parameters and the strong correlations among each other were evident in the stream water.In conclusion,the chemical constituents found in water are also the components of pathways through which the water flows.The major factors responsible for the change in the chemical properties of water in Obagbile Catchm

关键词： Water chemistry Rainwater Overland flow Soil water Obagbile Catchment Principal component analysis

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Impact of mechanical bowel preparation in elective colorectal surgery:A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第4期24卷 519-536页

作者： Katie e Rollins hannah Javanmard-emamghissi Dileep N Lobo Gastrointestinal Surgery Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham Queen’s Medical Centre

AIM To analyse the effect of mechanical bowel preparation vs no mechanical bowel preparation on outcome in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery.MeTHODS Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies comparing adult patients receiving mechanical bowel preparation with those receiving no mechanical bowel preparation, subdivided into those receiving a single rectal enema and those who received no preparation at all prior to elective colorectal surgery. ReSULTS A total of 36 studies(23 randomised controlled trials and 13 observational studies) including 21568 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery were included. When all studies were considered, mechanical bowel preparation was not associated with any significant difference in anastomotic leak rates(OR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.74 to 1.10, P = 0.32), surgical site infection(OR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.80 to 1.24, P = 0.96), intraabdominal collection(OR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.63 to 1.17, P = 0.34), mortality(OR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.57 to 1.27, P = 0.43), reoperation(OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.75 to 1.12, P = 0.38) or hospital length of stay(overall mean difference 0.11 d, 95%CI:-0.51 to 0.73, P = 0.72), when compared with no mechanical bowel preparation, nor when evidence from just randomized controlledtrials was analysed. A sub-analysis of mechanical bowel preparation vs absolutely no preparation or a single rectal enema similarly revealed no differences in clinical outcome measures. CONCLUSION In the most comprehensive meta-analysis of mechanical bowel preparation in elective colorectal surgery to date, this study has suggested that the use of mechanical bowel preparation does not affect the incidence of postoperative complications when compared with no preparation. Hence, mechanical bowel preparation should not be administered routinely prior to elective colorectal surgery.

关键词： bowel preparation Mechanical antibiotics morbidity mortality surgery outcome complications meta-analysis

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Recent advances in room temperature phosphorescence of crystalline boron containing organic compounds

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Aggregate 2022年第4期3卷 15-22页

作者： hannah e.Hackney Dmitrii F.Perepichka Department of Chemistry McGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada

In organic compounds,room temperature phosphorescence(RTP)is a rare,yet highly desirable,property that is important for a wide variety of applications,including tissue imaging,anticounterfeiting technologies,photodynamic therapy,and organic light-emitting devices.While most organic RTP molecules rely on heavy atoms or carbonyl functional groups to accelerate singlet-to-triplet intersystem crossing,in the past few years there have been several reports of RTP induced by boroncontaining functional groups.This minireview covers the recent literature on RTP of crystalline boroorganic compounds and analyzes the connections between molecular structure,intermolecular interactions,and the resulting phosphorescence.

关键词： luminescence organic crystals organoboron chemistry room temperature phosphorescence

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A general spatial-temporal framework for short-term building temperature forecasting at arbitrary locations with crowdsourcing weather data

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Building Simulation 2023年第6期16卷 963-982页

作者： Reisa F.Widjaja Wenbo Wu Zhi Zhou Renhao Sun hannah C.Fontenot Bing Dong Department of Management Science&Statistics The University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA energy Systems Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL60439USA Department of Mechanical&Aerospace engineering Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA

Weather forecasting has been a critical component to predict and control building energy consumption for better building energy management.Without accessibility to other data sources,the onsite observed temperatures or the airport temperatures are used in forecast models.In this paper,we present a novel approach by utilizing the crowdsourcing weather data from neighboring personal weather stations(PWS)to improve the weather forecast accuracy around buildings using a general spatial-temporal modeling framework.The final forecast is based on the ensemble of local forecasts for the target location using neighboring PWSs.Our approach is distinguished from existing literature in various aspects.First,we leverage the crowdsourcing weather data from PWS in addition to public data sources.In this way,the data is at much finer time resolution(e.g.,at 5-minute frequency)and spatial resolution(e.g.,arbitrary location vs grid).Second,our proposed model incorporates spatial-temporal correlation information of weather variables between the target building and a set of neighboring PWSs so that underlying correlations can be effectively captured to improve forecasting performance.We demonstrate the performance of the proposed framework by comparing to the benchmark models on temperature forecasting for a building located at an arbitrary location at San Antonio,Texas,USA.In general,the proposed model framework equipped with machine learning technique such as Random Forest can improve forecasting by 50%compares with persistent model and has 90%chance to outperform airport forecast in short-term forecasting.In a real-time setting,the proposed model framework can provide more accurate temperature forecasting results compared with using airport temperature forecast for most forecast horizon.Moreover,we analyze the sensitivity of model parameters to gain insights on how crowdsourcing data from the neighboring personal weather stations impacts forecasting performance.Finally,we implement our model in other cities such as Syracuse and C

关键词： crowdsourcing data machine learning spatial temporal model weather forecasting

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