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Rapid testing methods for food contaminants and toxicants

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第11期14卷 2243-2264页

作者： Jiachi Chiou Arthur Ho Hon Leung hang Wai lee Wing-tak Wong Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Food Safety and Technology Research CenterThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Food Biological Safety Control Food Safety and Technology Research CentreThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute

Food safety is one of the major concerns in every country regardless of the economic and social development. The frequent occurrence of food scandals in the world has led the Chinese government to implement several strategies to fortify the food supply system to a high food safety standard. This relies heavily on laboratory testing services but conventional methods for detection of food contaminants and toxicants are limited by sophisticated sample preparation procedures, long analysis time, large instruments and professional personnel to meet the increasing demands. In this review, we have incorporated most of the current and potential rapid detection methods for many notorious food contaminants and toxicants including microbial agents, toxic ions, pesticides, veterinary drugs and preservatives, as well as detection of genetically modified food genes and adulterated edible oil. Development of rapid, accurate, easy-to-use and affordable testing methods could urge food handlers and the public to actively screen for food contaminants and toxicants instead of passively relying on monitoring by the government examination facility. This review also provides several recommendations including how to encourage the public to engage in the food safety management system and provide optimal education and financial assistance that may improve the current Chinese food safety control system.

关键词： rapid testing food contaminants and toxins microbial agents pesticides veterinary drugs preservatives formaldehyde nitrite nitrate test strips

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Human embryonic stem cells as an in vitro model for studying developmental origins of type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第8期12卷 761-775页

作者： Andy Chun-hang Chen Kai Fai lee William Shu Biu Yeung Yin Lau lee Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChina

The developmental origins of health and diseases(DOHaD)is a concept stating that adverse intrauterine environments contribute to the health risks of *** the theory emerged more than 30 years ago,many epidemiological and animal studies have confirmed that in utero exposure to environmental insults,including hyperglycemia and chemicals,increased the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases(NCDs).These NCDs include metabolic syndrome,type 2 diabetes,and complications such as diabetic *** the effects of different environmental insults on early embryo development would aid in understanding the underlying mechanisms by which these insults promote NCD *** stem cells(ESCs)have also been utilized by researchers to study the *** have pluripotent characteristics and can be differentiated into almost every cell lineage;therefore,they are excellent in vitro models for studying early developmental *** importantly,human ESCs(hESCs)are the best alternative to human embryos for research because of ethical *** this review,we will discuss different maternal conditions associated with DOHaD,focusing on the complications of maternal ***,we will review the differentiation protocols developed to generate different cell lineages from ***,we will review how hESCs are utilized as a model for research into the *** effects of environmental insults on hESC differentiation and the possible involvement of epigenetic regulation will be discussed.

关键词： Development origins of health and diseases Maternal diabetes Environmental insults Type 2 diabetes Human embryonic stem cells Epigenetics

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Summer Monsoon Indices on June Rainfall in Hong Kong and Its Vicinity

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第5期30卷 789-799页

作者： WU Man-chi TONG hang-wai lee Tsz-cheung Hong Kong Observatory Hong Kong China

Climatologically, June is usually the wettest month in Hong Kong. With significant interannual variation of the summer monsoon, the rainfall variability in June is also large. As Hong Kong is in close proximity to the peripheries of different monsoon regions, the variability of June rainfall largely depends on the relative strength of various monsoon systems. In the present study, a new index comparing the relative condition of the western North Pacific summer monsoon and the South China Sea summer monsoon is developed based on the difference between the respective monsoon indices WNPMI （western North Pacific summer monsoon index） and UMI （unified monsoon index）. It is shown that June rainfall in Hong Kong and its vicinity is better correlated with this new index than either WNPMI or UMI alone. Based on the signs of the new index in conjunction with those of WNPMI and UMI, a framework to stratify the monsoon conditions into different configurations together with a simple scheme to summarize the associated rainfall responses is formulated. This study highlights how the rainfall variability on a local or regional scale can be quantified by the broad-scale conditions of different monsoon systems.

关键词： Hong Kong South China Sea summer monsoon western North Pacific summer monsoon mon- soon index June rainfall bootstrap regional monsoon

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High-efficiency single and tandem fullerene solar cells with asymmetric monofluorinated diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymer

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 236-245,I0007页

作者： Shafket Rasool Quoc Viet Hoang Doan Van Vu Chang Eun Song hang Ken lee Sang Kyu lee Jong-Cheol lee Sang-Jin Moon Won Suk Shin Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT) 141 Gajeong-roYuseongDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology(UST)217 CajeongroYuseongDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Vietnam Standards and Quality Institute(VSQI) Directorate for StandardsMetrology and Quality(STAMEQ)No.8.Hoang Quoc VietCau GiayHanoiViet Nam

Design and synthesis of low bandgap(LBG) polymer donors is inevitably challenging and their processability from a non-halogenated solvent system remains a hurdle to overcome in the area of highperformance polymer solar cells(PSCs).Due to a high aggregation tendency of LBG polymers,especially diketopyrrolopyrrole(DPP)-based polymers coupled with bithiophenes in the polymer backbones,their widespread adoption in non-ha logena ted solvent-processed PSCs has been ***,a novel LBG DPP-based polymer,called PDPP4 T-1 F with asymmetric arrangement of fluorine atom,has been successfully synthesized and showed an outstanding power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 10.10% in a singlejunction fullerene-based ***,an impressive PCE of 13.21% has been achieved in a tandem device from a fully non-halogenated solvent system,which integrates a wide bandgap PDTBTBz-2 F polymer in the bottom cell and LBG PDPP4 T-1 F polymer in the top *** achieved efficiency is the highest value reported in the literature to date in fullerene-based tandem *** found that a uniformly distributed interpenetrating fibril network with nano-scale phase separation and anisotropy of the polymer backbone orientation for efficient charge transfer/transport and suppressed charge recombination in PDPP4 T-1 F-based PSCs led to outstanding PCEs in single and tandem-junction PSCs.

关键词： Low bandgap polymers Diketopyrrolopyrrole Tandem polymer solar cells Non-halogenated solvent Monofluoro-bithiophene

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Enrichment by air classification of indium components from In-containing scrap powders scraped by sand-blasting chamber shields of sputter coaters

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Rare Metals 2010年第1期29卷 1-8页

作者： Sungkyu lee Soo-Bok Jeong hang-Chul Jung Hyun Seon Hong Yongseung Yun Sang Mo Woo Plant Engineering Center Institute for Advanced Engineering633-2 Goan-ri Baegam-myeon Cheoin-gu Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 449-863 Korea Division of Chemical and Materials Engineering Ajou University 5 Wonchon Youngtong Suwon Gyeonggi-do 443-749 Korea Minerals and Materials Processing Division Korea Institute of Geo-science and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) 30 Gajeong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-350 Korea Plant Engineering Center Institute for Advanced Engineering633-2 Goan-ri Baegam-myeon Cheoin-gu Yongin-siGyeonggi-do 449-863 Korea 9 Digit Co. Ltd. 20BL-10L Namdong Industrial Complex428-9 Nonhyeon-dong Namdong-gu Incheon 405-848 Korea

Raw scrap powders containing 10 wt.% In were recovered by sand-blasting chamber shields of sputter coaters and used as a sole source of indium components for both sieving and air-classification. Sieving was performed first as a feasibility test, and enrichment of indium component was possible up to 19 wt.% with a mesh size of 635. With this experimental basis, the raw scrap powders were air-classified into 12 lots according to the revolution per minute （r/min） of a single horizontally arranged classifying wheel： 4000, 6000, 8000, 10000, 12000, and 14000 r/rain. The particle cut size varied from 56 to 5 μm with turbo wheel speeds corresponding to 4000 to 14000 r/min, respectively, and enrichment of indium component was possible in fine overflow fractions at all turbo wheel speeds while the indium components were not concentrated in all of the coarse underflow fractions. The grade of the indium components became higher with decreasing particle size of the air-classified scrap powders, with the highest grade obtained in the fine overflow fraction with a turbo wheel speed of 14000 r/min. The amount of indium in the fine overflow fractions varied between 15.9 wt.% and 31.5 wt.%. All in all, the grade or purity of the indium component improved rather significantly from 15.9 wt.% to 31.5 wt.% by air-classification, but this also resulted in overall decrease in recovery rate from 99.33% to 49.64%. Therefore, enrichment and separation of indium should be optimized for maximum recovery and grade of the indium components, which can be used as raw materials in the subsequent electro-refining processes.

关键词： indium air-classification recycling indium tin oxide gas-cyclone dry dispersion

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Behaviorist Fundamentalism Turns Radical:ETIM/TIP’s Islamic Fundamentalist Representations and Narratives

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2015年第4期9卷 85-99,I0005页

作者： Yee lak Elliot lee Department of Cultural and Religious Studies Chinese University of Hong Kong

Many contemporary Islamic terrorist groups have been identified as forms of religious ***,the narratives and representations constructed by many of these groups contain traces of religious *** this article,ETIM/TIP’s narratives and representations are examined as a case *** group’s power discourses as they relate to religious fundamentalism are analyzed through examining the group’s rhetoric of its own origin,its current situation,and its reactions toward this *** power discourse of an unconventional“Orientalism”and the use of behaviorist logic are especially ***,the presence of behaviorism in religious fundamentalist narratives suggests the need for China to revise its official national counterterrorist *** of continuing the current behaviorist rhetoric in the legal framework,this article suggests a deconstruction-ultimately,a discouragement-of religious behaviorism to prevent the radicalization of Muslims in the country.

关键词： East Turkistan Islamic Movement(ETIM)/Turkistan Islamic Party(TIP) Religious Fundamentalism Terrorism Orientalism Behaviorism Radicalization Salafism Jihad

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Investigation of Domain Wall Velocity to External Fields for High-Quality Waveguide-Type Periodically Poled LiNbO_(3) Fabrication

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第Z1期24卷 131-135页

作者： Soo Woo Kwon Woo Seok Yang H M lee Woo Kyung Kim hang Yong lee Dae Ho Yoon Yo Seung Song Department of Materials Engineering Hankuk Aviation UniversityGoyang 412-791Korea Nano Bio-Photonics Team Korea Electronics Technology InstituteBundang 463-816Korea Department of Advanced Material Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 440-746Korea

The Ti-doped waveguide-type periodically poled LiNbO_(3)(PPLN)were fabricated and the dependence of domain wall velocity on an external field applied for domain inversion was *** whole polarization reversal process was computer-controlled to regulate domain wall expansion at a feedback time shorter than 5μ*** coercive voltage and several values of excess voltage were applied on 500μm-thick wafers serially connected to a 1-MOhm external resistor which had an effect of the poling current reduction,*** deceleration of domain wall *** domain wall velocity is sensitive to the poling voltage,precisely speaking,to the excess *** domain wall velocities were 28.70,16.02 and 5.75μm·s^(-1)under poling field of 23.5,22.0 and 21.0 kV·mm^(-1),***,average duty cycle of PPLN is about 49.93%.

关键词： periodically poled lithium niobate coerciv field duty cycle domain wall velocity quasi phase matching

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Gravitational Equivalence Theorem and Double-Copy for Kaluza-Klein Graviton Scattering Amplitudes

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Research 2022年第4期2022卷 411-420页

作者： Yan-Feng hang Hong-Jian He Tsung-Dao lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology(MOE)Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Modern Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Center for High Energy Physics Peking UniversityBeijingChina

We analyze the structure of scattering amplitudes of the Kaluza-Klein (KK) gravitons and of the KK gravitational Goldstone bosons in the compactified 5d general relativity (GR). Using a general Rξ gauge fixing, we study the geometric Higgs mechanism for the massive spin-2 KK gravitons. We newly propose and prove a gravitational equivalence theorem (GRET) to connect the scattering amplitudes of longitudinal KK gravitons to that of the KK gravitational Goldstone bosons, which formulates the geometric gravitational Higgs mechanism at the scatteringS-matrix level. We demonstrate that the GRET provides a general energy cancellation mechanism guaranteeing the N-point longitudinal KK graviton scattering amplitudes to have their leading energy dependence cancelled down by a large power factor of E^(2N)(N≥4) up to any loop level. We propose an improved double-copy approach to construct the massive KK graviton (Goldstone) amplitudes from the KK gauge boson (Goldstone) amplitudes. With these, we establish a new correspondence between the two types of energy cancellations in the four-point longitudinal KK amplitudes at tree level: E^(4)→E0 in the KK gauge theory and E^(10)→E^(2) in the KK GR theory.

关键词： theory gauge guarantee

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High-entropy alloys and compounds for electrocatalytic energy conversion applications

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SusMat 2021年第4期1卷 482-505页

作者： hang Liu Lenus Syama Like Zhang Carmen lee Chuntai Liu Zhengfei Dai Qingyu Yan State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina Xi’an Jiaotong University Suzhou Institute SuzhouChina École Nationale Superieure des Ingenieurs en Arts Chimiques et Technologiques ToulouseFrance School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of EducationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina

High-entropy materials,composed of five or more elements in near-equiatomic percentage,have been attracting tremendous interests due to their advantageous properties in a variety of ***,electrocatalysis on high-entropy alloys(HEAs)and high-entropy compounds(HECs)has emerged as a new and promising material owing to the tailored composition and the disordered con-figuration of HEAs and *** extensive efforts have been devoted to investigating the catalytic nature of HEAs and HECs,the details related to the active sites and intrinsic activity of such catalysts still remain uncertain due to the complexity of the multicomponent *** this review,the recent progress of HEAs and HECs is systematically reviewed in terms of their synthetic strate-gies and electrocatalytic ***,the computationally assisted methods(e.g.,density functional theory[DFT])are also presented to discover and design the optimumHEA-andHEC-based ***,the appli-cations of HEAs and HECs in electrocatalytic energy conversion reactions will be discussed,including hydrogen evolution reaction,oxygen evolution reaction,oxygen reduction reaction,carbon dioxide reduction reaction,nitrogen reduction reaction,methanol oxidation reaction,and ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR).Moreover,the prospects and future opportunities for this research field are cau-tiously discussed.A series of upcoming challenges and questions are thoroughly proposed from the experimental and theoretical aspects as well as other future applications in electrocatalysis.

关键词： alloys entropy compounds

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Unilateral pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis as a rare form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第18期8卷 4186-4192页

作者： Jae-Ha lee hang-Jea Jang Jin-Han Park Hyun-Kuk Kim Sunggun lee Ji-Yeon Kim Seong-Ho Kim Department of Internal Medicine Haeundae Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineBusan 48108South Korea Department of Pathology Haeundae Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineBusan 48108South Korea

BACKGROUND Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis(PPFE)is a rare idiopathic interstitial pneumonia characterized by predominantly upper lobe involvement with pleural fibrosis and subjacent parenchymal ***,there have been increasing reports of PPFE,and PPFE might coexist with other interstitial lung diseases in the lower lobe and upper ***,cases of unilateral PPFE are *** SUMMARY A 75-year-old Korean male presented to our hospital with chronic dry cough and exertional *** patient’s symptoms started 6 mo previously and had been gradually *** the time of presentation,he felt dyspnea when walking at his own *** findings suggested PPFE,but the lesion was localized in the upper lobe of the right *** multidisciplinary discussion,a transbronchial lung biopsy in the right upper lobe revealed collapsed alveoli with parenchymal fibroelastosis,and elastic van Gieson staining demonstrated septal elastosis with intra-alveolar collagenosis,which met the histopathologic criteria of definite *** multidisciplinary discussion in an experienced interstitial lung disease center,we confirmed the diagnosis of unilateral ***,we confirmed the progression of PPFE on radiologic findings during the followup *** Clinicians should consider PPFE,even in cases with unilateral,predominantly upper lung involvement in interstitial lung disease patients through multidisciplinary discussion.

关键词： Interstitial lung disease Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis Progression Unilateral Multidisciplinary discussion Case report

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