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Development and evaluation of an online monitoring single-particle optical particle counter with polarization detection

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 585-596页

作者： Weijie Yao Xiaole Pan Yu Tian hang Liu Yuting zhang Shandong Lei Junbo zhang Yinzhou zhang LinWu Yele Sun Zifa Wang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

We developed a single-particle optical particle counter with polarization detection(SOPC)for the real-time measurement of the optical size and depolarization ratio(defined as the ratio of the vertical component to the parallel component of backward scattering)of atmospheric particles,the polarization ratio(DR)value can reflect the irregularity of the *** SOPC can detect aerosol particles with size larger than 500 nm and the maximum particle count rate reaches~1.8×10^(5)particles per *** SOPC uses a modulated polarization laser to measure the optical size of particles according to forward scattering signal and the DR value of the particles by backward S and P signal *** sampling rate of the SOPC was 106#/(sec·channel),and all the raw data were processed *** calibration curve was obtained by polystyrene latex spheres with sizes of 0.5-10μm,and the average relative deviation of measurement was 3.96% for sub 3μm particles.T-matrix method calculations showed that the DR value of backscatter light at 120°could describe the variations in the aspect ratio of particles in the above size *** performed insitu observations for the evaluation of the SOPC,the mass concentration constructed by the SOPC showed good agreement with the PM_(2.5)measurements in a nearby state-controlled monitoring *** instrument could provide useful data for source appointment and regulations against air pollution.

关键词： Instrument development Single particle detection Measurement uncertainty Optical simulation Mass concentration

Forebrain excitatory neuron-specific loss of Brpf1 attenuates excitatory synaptic transmission and impairs spatial and fear memory

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1133-1141页

作者： Baicheng Zhao hang zhang Ying Liu Gaoyu Zu Yuxiao zhang Jiayi Hu Shuai Liu Linya You Department of Human Anatomy&Histoembryology School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics(Ministry of Education) Affiliated Mental Health Center(ECNU)School of Psychology and Cognitive ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai changning Mental Health Center ShanghaiChina NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai ShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention of Shanghai ShanghaiChina

Bromodomain and plant homeodomain(PHD)finger containing protein 1(Brpf1)is an activator and scaffold protein of a multiunit complex that includes other components involving lysine acetyltransferase(KAT)6A/6B/***1,KAT6A,and KAT6B mutations were identified as the causal genes of neurodevelopmental disorders leading to intellectual *** previous work revealed strong and specific expression of Brpf1 in both the postnatal and adult forebrain,especially the hippocampus,which has essential roles in learning and ***,we hypothesized that Brpf1 plays critical roles in the function of forebrain excitatory neurons,and that its deficiency leads to learning and memory *** test this,we knocked out Brpf1 in forebrain excitatory neurons using *** found that Brpf1 deficiency reduced the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents and downregulated the expression of genes Pcdhgb1,Slc16a7,Robo3,and Rho,which are related to neural development,synapse function,and memory,thereby damaging spatial and fear memory in *** findings help explain the mechanisms of intellectual impairment in patients with BRPF1 mutation.

关键词： behavioral test Brpf1 CAMKIIa-Cre intellectual disability miniature excitatory postsynaptic current mRNA-Seq

Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Mg‑13Gd‑0.2Ni Alloy Processed by Extrusion and Aging

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第8期37卷 1367-1376页

作者： hang zhang Jiaying Zhao Rongguang Li Boshu Liu Shanshan Li Sha Sha Yuehong zhang Man Xu Yan Tang School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China Instrumental Analysis Center Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China

In this work,a good combination of strength and ductility is achieved in a Mg-13Gd-0.2Ni alloy by conventional extrusion and following aging *** aged Mg-13Gd-0.2Ni alloy exhibits a yield strength(YS)of 363 MPa,an ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 433 MPa,and an elongation of 11.9%.The aged Mg-13Gd-0.2Ni alloy contains a microstructure with a 95%proportion of dynamically recrystallized(DRXed)grains with a micron size,weak texture,and a high number density of prismaticβ′precipitates within *** bulk compounds enriched with Ni element which are mainly formed during casting and stable in the extruded and aged *** dynamic compounds are formed during extrusion,and a high density of prismaticβ′precipitates are formed during *** high density of prismaticβ′precipitates results in a significant increase in the strength of the Mg-13Gd-0.2Ni alloy,and the YS and UTS are increased by 153 and 136 MPa,*** high proportion of DRXed grains with a weak texture contributes mainly to the high ductility and the fine compounds with a low density at grain boundaries formed during aging have no significant adverse effect on ductility of the aged Mg-13Gd-0.2Ni *** findings for the novel Mg-Gd-Ni alloy can provide guidance for the design of wrought Mg alloys with superior mechanical properties.

关键词： Mg-Gd-Ni alloy Extrusion Aging Strength Ductility

A survey on model-based reinforcement learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 59-84页

作者： Fan-Ming LUO Tian XU hang LAI Xiong-Hui CHEN Weinan zhang Yang YU National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Polixir. ai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Reinforcement learning(RL) interacts with the environment to solve sequential decision-making problems via a trial-and-error approach. Errors are always undesirable in real-world applications, even though RL excels at playing complex video games that permit several trial-and-error attempts. To improve sample efficiency and thus reduce errors, model-based reinforcement learning(MBRL) is believed to be a promising direction, as it constructs environment models in which trial-and-errors can occur without incurring actual costs. In this survey, we investigate MBRL with a particular focus on the recent advancements in deep RL. There is a generalization error between the learned model of a non-tabular environment and the actual environment. Consequently, it is crucial to analyze the disparity between policy training in the environment model and that in the actual environment, guiding algorithm design for improved model learning, model utilization, and policy training. In addition, we discuss the recent developments of model-based techniques in other forms of RL, such as offline RL, goal-conditioned RL, multi-agent RL, and meta-RL. Furthermore,we discuss the applicability and benefits of MBRL for real-world tasks. Finally, this survey concludes with a discussion of the promising future development prospects for MBRL. We believe that MBRL has great unrealized potential and benefits in real-world applications, and we hope this survey will encourage additional research on MBRL.

关键词： reinforcement learning model-based reinforcement learning planning model learning model learning with reduced error model usage

Infrared Fault Detection Method for Dense Electrolytic Bath Polar Plate Based on YOLOv5s

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4859-4874页

作者： Huiling Yu Yanqiu hang Shen Shi Kangning Wu Yizhuo zhang Software Engineering Department of Computer ScienceChangzhou UniversityChangzhou213146China Electrical Engineering Department of Computer ScienceChangzhou UniversityChangzhou213146China

Electrolysis tanks are used to smeltmetals based on electrochemical principles,and the short-circuiting of the pole plates in the tanks in the production process will lead to high temperatures,thus affecting normal *** at the problems of time-consuming and poor accuracy of existing infrared methods for high-temperature detection of dense pole plates in electrolysis tanks,an infrared dense pole plate anomalous target detection network YOLOv5-RMF based on You Only Look Once version 5(YOLOv5)is ***,we modified the Real-Time Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network(Real-ESRGAN)by changing the U-shaped network(U-Net)to Attention U-Net,to preprocess the images;secondly,we propose a new Focus module that introduces the Marr operator,which can provide more boundary information for the network;again,because Complete Intersection over Union(CIOU)cannot accommodate target borders that are increasing and decreasing,replace CIOU with Extended Intersection over Union(EIOU),while the loss function is changed to Focal and Efficient IOU(Focal-EIOU)due to the different difficulty of sample *** the homemade dataset,the precision of our method is 94%,the recall is 70.8%,and the map@.5 is 83.6%,which is an improvement of 1.3%in precision,9.7%in recall,and 7%in map@.5 over the original *** algorithm can meet the needs of electrolysis tank pole plate abnormal temperature detection,which can lay a technical foundation for improving production efficiency and reducing production waste.

关键词： Infrared polar plate fault detection YOLOv5 Real-ESRGAN Marr boundary detection operator Focal-EIoU loss

Alloy strategy to synthesize Pt-early transition metal oxide interfacial catalysts

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3390-3397页

作者： Shi-Long Xu hang Nan Wanqun zhang Yue Lin Sheng-Qi Chu Hai-Wei Liang Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Anhui Jianzhu UniversityHefei 230601China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Metal oxide supported metal catalysts show promising catalytic performance in many industry-relevant ***,the enhancement of performance is often limited by the insufficient metal/metal oxide *** this work,we demonstrate a general synthesis of Pt-early transition metal oxide(Pt-MO_(x),M=Ti,Zr,V,and Y)catalysts with rich interfacial sites,which is based on the air-induced surface segregation and oxidation of M in the supported Pt-M alloy *** characterizations verify the dynamic structural response of Pt-M alloy catalysts to air and the formation of Pt-MO_(x) catalysts with abundant interfacial *** prepared Pt-TiO_(x) interfacial catalysts exhibit improved performance in hydrogenation reactions of benzaldehyde,nitrobenzene,styrene,and furfural,as a result of the heterolytic dissociation of H_(2) at Pt-metal oxide interfacial sites.

关键词： Pt-early transition metal oxide interfacial catalyst alloy oxidation strategy interfacial sites hydrogenation reactions heterolytic dissociation

Machine learning enabled film pressure sensor to identify surface contacts:An application in surface transmission of infectious disease

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Building Simulation 2024年第6期17卷 1023-1036页

作者： Baotian chang Jianchao zhang Yingying Geng Jiarui Li Doudou Miao Nan zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

The global prevalence of infectious diseases has emerged as a significant challenge in recent *** transmission is a potential transmission route of most gastrointestinal and respiratory infectious diseases,which is related to surface touch *** observation,the traditional method of surface touching data collection,is characterized by limited accuracy and high labor *** this work,we proposed a methodology based on machine learning technologies aimed at obtaining high-accuracy and low-labor-cost surface touch behavioral data by means of sensor-based contact *** touch sensing device,primarily utilizing a film pressure sensor and Arduino board,is designed to automatically detect and collect surface contact data,encompassing pressure,duration and *** make certain the surface touch behavior and to describe the behavioral data more accurately,six classification algorithms(*** Vector Machine and Random Forest)have been trained and tested on an experimentally available dataset containing more than 500 surface *** classification results reported the accuracy of above 85%for all the six classifiers and indicated that Random Forest performed best in identifying surface touch behaviors,with 91.8%accuracy,91.9%precision and 0.98 *** study conclusively demonstrated the feasibility of identifying surface touch behaviors through film pressure sensor-based data,offering robust support for the calculation of viral load and exposure risk associated with surface transmission.

关键词： surface transmission touch behavior film pressure sensor random forest infectious disease

Hierarchically porous biochar derived from aerobic granular sludge for high-performance membrane capacitive deionization

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 100-108页

作者： Yurong zhang Xudong Bu Yajun Wang Zhenyu hang Zhiqiang Chen School of Civil Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an710055China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology(SKLUWREHIT)Harbin150090China

Membrane capacitive deionization(MCDI)is a cost-effective desalination technique known for its low energy *** performance of MCDI cells relies on the properties of electrode *** carbon is the most widely used electrode ***,the capacitive carbon available on the market is often ***,we developed hierarchically porous biochar by combining carbonization and activation processes,using easily acquired aerobic granular sludge(AGS)from biological sewage treatment plants as a *** biochar had a specific surface area of 1822.07 m^(2)g^(-1),with a micropore area ratio of 58.65%and a micropore volume of 0.576 cm3 g^(-1).The MCDI cell employing the biochar as electrodes demonstrated a specific adsorption capacity of 34.35 mg g^(-1),comparable to commercially available activated carbon *** study presents a green and sustainable approach for preparing highly efficient,hierarchically porous biochar from AGS,offering great potential for enhanced performance in MCDI applications.

关键词： Membrane capacitive deionization Desalination Aerobic granular sludge Biochar Alkali activation

Optimization of Center of Gravity Position and Anti-Wave Plate Angle of Amphibious Unmanned Vehicle Based on Orthogonal Experimental Method

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 2027-2041页

作者： Deyong Shang Xi zhang Fengqi Liang Chunde Zhai hang Yang Yanqi Niu School of Mechanical Electronic&Information EngineeringChina University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing100083China Institute of Intelligent Mining&Robotics China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing100083China

When the amphibious vehicle navigates in water,the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity greatly influence the navigation *** the relevant research on reducing the navigation resistance of amphibious vehicles by adjusting the angle of the anti-wave plate,there is a lack of scientific selection of parameters and reasonable research of simulation results by using mathematical methods,and the influence of the center of gravity position on navigation characteristics is not considered at the same *** study the influence of the combinations of the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity on the resistance reduction characteristics,a numerical calculation model of the amphibious unmanned vehicle was established by using the theory of computational fluid dynamics,and the experimental data verified the correctness of the numerical *** on this numerical model,the navigation characteristics of the amphibious unmanned vehicle were studied when the center of gravity was located at different positions,and the orthogonal experimental design method was used to optimize the parameters of the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of *** results show that through the parameter optimization analysis based on the orthogonal experimental method,the combination of the optimal angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity is *** the numerical simulation result of resistance is consistent with the predicted optimal *** with the maximum navigational resistance,the parameter optimization reduces the navigational resistance of the amphibious unmanned vehicle by 24%.

关键词： Amphibious unmanned vehicle orthogonal experimental design anti-wave plate center of gravity resistance characteristic