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Efficient stochastic parallel gradient descent training for on-chip optical processor

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第4期7卷 5-15页

作者： Yuanjian Wan Xudong Liu Guangze Wu Min Yang Guofeng Yan Yu zhang Jian Wang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Optics Valley Laboratory Wuhan 430074China

In recent years,space-division multiplexing(SDM)technology,which involves transmitting data information on multiple parallel channels for efficient capacity scaling,has been widely used in fiber and free-space optical communication *** enable flexible data management and cope with the mixing between different channels,the integrated reconfig-urable optical processor is used for optical switching and mitigating the channel ***,efficient online train-ing becomes intricate and challenging,particularly when dealing with a significant number of *** we use the stochastic parallel gradient descent(SPGD)algorithm to configure the integrated optical processor,which has less com-putation than the traditional gradient descent(GD)*** design and fabricate a 6×6 on-chip optical processor on silicon platform to implement optical switching and descrambling assisted by the online training with the SPDG ***,we apply the on-chip processor configured by the SPGD algorithm to optical communications for optical switching and efficiently mitigating the channel crosstalk in SDM *** comparison with the traditional GD al-gorithm,it is found that the SPGD algorithm features better performance especially when the scale of matrix is large,which means it has the potential to optimize large-scale optical matrix computation acceleration chips.

关键词： optical communications optical signal processing channel descrambling optical neural network chip silicon photonics

Structural Characteristics and Evolution of a Weighted Sino-US Container Shipping Network

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第5期34卷 810-828页

作者： zhang Tiantian XI Daping JIANG Wenping FENG Yuhao WANG Chuyuan HU Xini National Engineering Research Center of GIS China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China School of Resources and Environmental Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430074China

This study selected the Sino-US route data from the top 30 global container liner companies between December 1,2019,and December 29,2019,as the data source utilizing the complex network research *** constructs a Sino-US container shipping network through voyage weighting and analyzes the essential structural characteristics to explore the network’s complex structural *** network’s evolution is examined from three perspectives,namely,time,space,and event influence,aiming to comprehens-ively explore the network’s evolution *** results revealed that:1)the weighted Sino-US container shipping network exhib-its small-world and scale-free *** hub ports in the United States include NEW YORK NY,SAVANNAH GA,LOS ANGELES CA,and OAKLAND CA,whereas ShangHAI serving as the hub port in *** geographical distribution of these hub ports is uneven.2)Concerning the evolution of the weighted Sino-US container shipping network,from a temporal perspective,the evolution of the regional structure of the entire Sino-US region and the Inland United States is in a stage of radiative expansion and de-velopment,with a need for further enhancement in competitiveness and development *** evolution of the regional structure of southern China and Europe is transitioning from the stage of radiative expansion and development to an advanced equilibrium *** shipping development in Northern China,the Western and Eastern United States,and Asia is undergoing significant changes but faces challenges of fierce competition and *** a spatial perspective,the rationality and effectiveness of the improved weighted Barrat-Barthelemy-Vespignani(BBV)model are confirmed through theoretical *** applicability of the improved evolution model is verified by simulating the evolution of the weighted Sino-US container shipping *** an event impact per-spective,the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has not fundamentally affecte

关键词： container shipping network structure characteristics network evolution voyage weighting improved Barrat-Barthelemy-Vespignani(BBV)model

A mite parasitoid,Pyemotes zhonghuajia,negatively impacts the fitness traits and immune response of the fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 205-216页

作者： Yanfei Song Tai’an Tian Yichai Chen Keshi zhang Maofa Yang Jianfeng Liu Institute of Entomology Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous RegionGuizhou University/Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Crop Pests in GuiyangMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuiyang 550025China Administration of Guizhou Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve Jiangkou 554400China Centre for Biodiversity and Biosecurity School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAuckland 1072New Zealand College of Tobacco Science Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Parasitoids are key regulators in ecological communities and widely used as agents in biocontrol *** fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda,recently invaded multiple continents and caused substantial economic losses in *** zhonghuajia,a newly identified mite parasitoid,has shown potential for controlling various agricultural insect ***,this study tested the performance of *** in parasitising *** also investigated the sublethal effects of parasitism by *** on host fitness traits,transgenerational impacts,and cellular and humoral *** result showed that the fifth-instar larvae of *** parasitised by 40 *** were all dead(i.e.,a lethal effect),while parasitism by 5 or 10 *** was considered sublethal since many *** survived to adulthood and produced offspring after *** sublethal influences from parasitism by *** resulted in reduced pupal weight,adult emergence rate and fecundity,but increased developmental time and *** at both lethal(40 mites)and sublethal(10 mites)levels impaired the cellular and humoral immunity of *** study presents the first empirical evidence that mite parasitoids can negatively influence host ***,it provides insights into the biocontrol potential of mite parasitoids and their interactions with hosts.

关键词： Pyemotes zhonghuajia Spodoptera frugiperda immunity parasitically-induced influence biocontrol parasitoid

Quantum Spin Exchange Interactions to Accelerate the Redox Kinetics in Li–S Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 370-383页

作者： Yu Du Weijie Chen Yu Wang Yue Yu Kai Guo Gan Qu Jianan zhang Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Catalytic and Functional Materials Preparation of Zhengzhou City College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People’s Republic of China

Spin-engineering with electrocatalysts have been exploited to suppress the“shuttle effect”in Li–S *** selec-tion,spin-dependent electron mobility and spin potentials in activation barriers can be optimized as quantum spin exchange interactions lead-ing to a significant reduction of the electronic repulsions in the orbitals of ***,we anchor the MgPc molecules on fluorinated carbon nanotubes(MgPc@FCNT),which exhibits the single active Mg sites with axial *** to the density functional theory calculations,the electronic spin polarization in MgPc@FCNT not only increases the adsorption energy toward LiPSs intermediates but also facilitates the tunneling process of electron in Li–S *** a result,the MgPc@FCNT provides an initial capacity of 6.1 mAh cm^(-2) even when the high sulfur loading is 4.5 mg cm^(-2),and still maintains 5.1 mAh cm^(-2) after 100 *** work provides a new perspective to extend the main group single-atom catalysts enabling high-performance Li–S batteries.

关键词： Metal phthalocyanines Spin polarization Electrocatalysis Li–S batteries

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基于卡通-纹理模型的激光吸收光谱层析成像

中国激光 2024年第6期51卷 220-230页

作者：司菁菁吕东灿张瑞程银波刘畅燕山大学信息科学与工程学院河北秦皇岛066004 河北农业大学海洋学院河北秦皇岛066003 爱丁堡大学工程学院英国爱丁堡EH93JL 河北省信息传输与信号处理重点实验室河北秦皇岛066004

可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱层析成像(TDLAT)是一种重要的光学非侵入式燃烧检测技术。然而,TDLAT逆问题的欠定性本质使得现有迭代层析成像算法重建的燃烧场温度分布图像存在较大误差。针对该问题,笔者将图像处理领域的卡通-纹理模型引入TD... 详细信息

可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱层析成像(TDLAT)是一种重要的光学非侵入式燃烧检测技术。然而,TDLAT逆问题的欠定性本质使得现有迭代层析成像算法重建的燃烧场温度分布图像存在较大误差。针对该问题,笔者将图像处理领域的卡通-纹理模型引入TDLAT,提出了基于卡通-纹理模型的温度重建算法(TRACT)。该算法利用全变差约束下的Landweber算法重建气体吸收密度图像中的卡通成分,较好地恢复其中的平滑特征与边缘结构;构建改进的迭代收缩阈值算法深度展开网络,并用其重建气体吸收密度图像中的细节纹理成分;通过卡通成分重建与纹理成分重建的相互补充,提高气体吸收密度图像的整体重建质量,进而提高燃烧场温度分布图像的重建质量。利用火焰动力学模拟器生成的仿真数据与利用TDLAT实验系统实际测量数据进行的重建实验均表明,与现有的迭代层析成像算法相比,TRACT重建的燃烧场温度分布图像在客观评价指标与主观视觉质量方面均有较大提升。

关键词：光谱学可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱层析成像温度重建双线测温法卡通-纹理模型

Enhanced potassium storage of carbon nanofibers as binderfree anodes enabled by coupling ultra-small amorphous Sb_(2)O_(3),graphene modification and sulfur doping

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 51-64页

作者： Zhao Huang Yu-Kang Lou Lin Peng Yuan Peng Meng-Meng Wang Ming zhang College of Railway Transportation Hunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou 412007China College of Semiconductors(College of Integrated Circuits) Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research InstituteHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education College of Semiconductors(College of Integrated Circuits)Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Considering the intrinsic advantages of natural copiousness and cost-effectiveness of potassium resource,potassium-ion batteries(KIBs) are booming as prospective alternatives to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) in large-scale energy storage scenarios. Nevertheless, lacking desirable electrodes for reversibly hosting the bulky K+hinders the widespread application of KIBs, and it needs to be urgently solved. Hereon, the porous S-doped Sb_(2)O_(3)-graphene-carbon(SAGC) nanofibers are manufactured through an adjustable and facile approach, which involves electrospinning, in situ etching and sulfuration. The synthesized SAGC is featured by the ultra-small amorphous Sb_(2)O_(3) homogeneously wrapped inside the carbon matrix, as well as the co-incorporation of graphene and sulfur. Tentatively,the SAGC nanofiber sheets are applied as binder-free anodes for KIBs, exhibiting a prominent cycling life(256.72 m Ah·g^(-1) over 150 cycles at 100 m A·g^(-1)) and rate·g^(-1) over 100 cycles at 1 A·g^(-1)). The positive synergy among all the active components accounts for the distinguished performances of the SAGC. By reinforcing the tolerability to the swelling stress, producing the valid electrochemical active sites, and promoting the charge transferring for reversible K+uptake, the SAGC finally renders the excellent cyclability, capacity, and rate capability. Moreover, the extrinsic electrochemical pseudocapacitance characteristics induced by the porous carbon substrate elevate the K-storage capacity of the SAGC as well. It is hoped that the conclusions drawn may offer new insights into a direction for the high-performance binderfree KIB anodes.

关键词： S-doped Sb_(2)O_(3)-graphene-carbon Nanofibers Binder-free Anodes Potassium-ion batteries

Photonic neuromorphic architecture for tens-of-task lifelong learning

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 519-530页

作者： Yuan Cheng Jianing zhang Tiankuang Zhou Yuyan Wang Zhihao Xu Xiaoyun Yuan Lu Fang Sigma Laboratory Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Beijing 100084China Institute for Brain and Cognitive Science Tsinghua University(THUIBCS)Beijing 100084China

Scalable,high-capacity,and low-power computing architecture is the primary assurance for increasingly manifold and large-scale machine learning *** electronic artificial agents by conventional power-hungry processors have faced the issues of energy and scaling walls,hindering them from the sustainable performance improvement and iterative multi-task *** to another modality of light,photonic computing has been progressively applied in high-efficient neuromorphic ***,we innovate a reconfigurable lifelong-learning optical neural network(L2 ONN),for highly-integrated tens-of-task machine intelligence with elaborated algorithm-hardware *** from the inherent sparsity and parallelism in massive photonic connections,L2 ONN learns each single task by adaptively activating sparse photonic neuron connections in the coherent light field,while incrementally acquiring expertise on various tasks by gradually enlarging the *** multi-task optical features are parallelly processed by multi-spectrum representations allocated with different *** evaluations on freespace and on-chip architectures confirm that for the first time,L2 ONN avoided the catastrophic forgetting issue of photonic computing,owning versatile skills on challenging tens-of-tasks(vision classification,voice recognition,medical diagnosis,etc.)with a single ***,L2 ONN achieves more than an order of magnitude higher efficiency than the representative electronic artificial neural networks,and 14×larger capacity than existing optical neural networks while maintaining competitive performance on each individual *** proposed photonic neuromorphic architecture points out a new form of lifelong learning scheme,permitting terminal/edge AI systems with light-speed efficiency and unprecedented scalability.

关键词： life neural versatile

DNA methylation profiles in cancer:functions,therapy,and beyond

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第2期21卷 111-116页

作者： Jinrong Zhu Yongjie Yang Li Li Jiuren Tang Rongxin zhang Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation School of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

DNA methylation in cancer DNA methylation,a reversible post-replication modification,defines gene expression and function in different physiologic *** is quite common among global DNA modifications,while promoter hypermethylation often occurs in local regions during cancer,as in CpG island formation,thereby perpetuating the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.

关键词： cancer suppressor thereby

车致振动响应递归量化分析在桥梁结构损伤识别中的应用

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振动工程学报 2024年第7期37卷 1098-1106页

作者：杜昌骏张静杨栋陈诚贺文宇合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院安徽合肥230009 广州大学工程抗震研究中心广东广州510006 广州大学工程抗震减震与结构安全教育部重点实验室广东广州510006

基于移动车辆引起的桥梁结构动力响应,采用递归量化分析的方法对结构进行损伤识别。用固定宽度的滑动窗将桥梁结构上任意两个位置的响应信号分成若干小段,并对每一小段信号进行递归量化分析,进而提取特征构造损伤指标。损伤向量随着滑... 详细信息

基于移动车辆引起的桥梁结构动力响应,采用递归量化分析的方法对结构进行损伤识别。用固定宽度的滑动窗将桥梁结构上任意两个位置的响应信号分成若干小段,并对每一小段信号进行递归量化分析,进而提取特征构造损伤指标。损伤向量随着滑动窗的移动得到每一个相对位置的损伤指标,最终实现结构的损伤识别。通过数值模拟验证上述方法,并讨论了单损伤工况和多损伤工况,分析了损伤位置、损伤程度、车辆速度、噪声水平等因素的影响。最后制作实验室模型对递归量化分析的结构损伤识别方法进行了试验验证。数值模拟和试验结果表明,基于递归量化分析的损伤识别方法可以有效识别移动车辆作用下的桥梁结构损伤。

关键词：桥梁结构损伤识别递归量化分析车-桥-耦合滑动窗

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