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Surface-state controlled synthesis of hydrophobic and hydrophilic carbon dots

Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4391-4399页

作者： Chan Wang Yuan Fang Mi Zhang Huan zhuo Qijun Song han zhu Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Jiangsu Snow Leopard Household Chemical Co. Ltd.Wuxi 214400China

It is of great significance to synthesize carbon dots(CDs)with desirable hydrophilicity for the ever-growing application of CDs in different *** this study,the hydrophilic and hydrophobic CDs were facilely prepared by solvothermal treatment of o-dihydroxybenzene and urea in N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF).Optimization experiments revealed that the solvothermal temperature has a great impact on the surface states of the *** hydrophobic CDs with a contact angle of 110.7°was obtained at 200℃.The structural and optical characterizations,along with theoretical calculations elucidated that the lipophilic nature of the CDs was resulting from the formation of polymer *** presence of extended conjugated sp^(2)-domains and amino groups contributed to the red emission of the CDs synthesized at low reaction temperatures(160-200℃).With the further increase of solvothermal temperature,the hydrophobic CDs were gradually transformed to the hydrophilic state accompanying the blue shift of the fluorescence of the *** highly hydrophilic CDs with a contact angle of 25.9°were obtained at 240℃ due to the increased formation of hydrophilic functional groups on the surface of *** red emissive CDs exhibited a sensitive color and fluorescence response to ethanol content while the fluorescence of the blue emissive CDs remained *** combining the two kinds of CDs,a dual-emission sensor was constructed,which was successfully applied for the evaluation of the alcoholic strength in commercial Baijiu commodities in both fluorometric and colorimetric modes.

关键词： carbon dots surface chemistry hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity solvothermal temperature alcoholic strength evaluation

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Space/Air Covert Communications:Potentials,Scenarios,and Key Technologies

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China Communications 2024年第3期21卷 1-18页

作者： Mao Haobin Liu Yanming zhu Lipeng Mao Tianqi Xiao Zhenyu Zhang Rui han zhu Xia Xianggen School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Datathe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong 518172China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77004USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea446-701 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA

Space/air communications have been envisioned as an essential part of the next-generation mobile communication networks for providing highquality global connectivity. However, the inherent broadcasting nature of wireless propagation environment and the broad coverage pose severe threats to the protection of private data. Emerging covert communications provides a promising solution to achieve robust communication security. Aiming at facilitating the practical implementation of covert communications in space/air networks, we present a tutorial overview of its potentials, scenarios, and key technologies. Specifically, first, the commonly used covertness constraint model, covert performance metrics, and potential application scenarios are briefly introduced. Then, several efficient methods that introduce uncertainty into the covert system are thoroughly summarized, followed by several critical enabling technologies, including joint resource allocation and deployment/trajectory design, multi-antenna and beamforming techniques, reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS), and artificial intelligence algorithms. Finally, we highlight some open issues for future investigation.

关键词： artificial intelligence(AI) sixth generation(6G) space-air-ground integrated networks(SAGINs) space/air covert communications

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Edge-assisted indexing for highly dynamic and static data in mixed reality connected autonomous vehicles

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2024年第2期5卷 167-179页

作者： Daniel Mawunyo Doe Dawei Chen Kyungtae han Haoxin Wang Jiang Xie zhu han Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77004USA InfoTech Labs Toyota Motor North America Research and DevelopmentMountain ViewCA 94043USA Department of Computer Science Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30302USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

The integration of Mixed Reality(MR)technology into Autonomous Vehicles(AVs)has ushered in a new era for the automotive industry,offering heightened safety,convenience,and passenger ***,the substantial and varied data generated by MR-Connected AVs(MR-CAVs),encompassing both highly dynamic and static information,presents formidable challenges for efficient data management and *** this paper,we formulate our indexing problem as a constrained optimization problem,with the aim of maximizing the utility function that represents the overall performance of our indexing *** optimization problem encompasses multiple decision variables and constraints,rendering it mathematically infeasible to solve ***,we propose a heuristic algorithm to address the combinatorial complexity of the *** heuristic indexing algorithm efficiently divides data into highly dynamic and static categories,distributing the index across Roadside Units(RSUs)and optimizing query *** approach takes advantage of the computational capabilities of edge servers or RSUs to perform indexing operations,thereby shifting the burden away from the vehicles *** algorithm strategically places data in the cache,optimizing cache hit rate and space utilization while reducing *** quantitative evaluation demonstrates the superiority of our proposed scheme,with significant reductions in latency(averaging 27%-49.25%),a 30.75%improvement in throughput,a 22.50%enhancement in cache hit rate,and a 32%-50.75%improvement in space utilization compared to baseline schemes.

关键词： mixed reality autonomous vehicles data indexing edge computing query optimization

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Explainable-AI-based two-stage solution for WSN object localization using zero-touch mobile transceivers

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 27-45页

作者： Kai FANG Junxin CHEN han zhu Thippa Reddy GADEKALLU Xiaoping WU Wei WANG School of Mathematics and Computer Science Zhejiang A&F University School of Software Dalian University of Technology Faculty of Applied Sciences Macao Polytechnic University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University School of Information Engineering Huzhou University Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Emotional Intelligence and Pervasive Computing Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Shenzhen MSU-BIT University

Artificial intelligence technology is widely used in the field of wireless sensor networks(WSN).Due to its inexplicability, the interference factors in the process of WSN object localization cannot be effectively eliminated. In this paper, an explainable-AI-based two-stage solution is proposed for WSN object localization. In this solution, mobile transceivers are used to enlarge the positioning range and eliminate the blind area for object localization. The motion parameters of transceivers are considered to be unavailable,and the localization problem is highly nonlinear with respect to the unknown parameters. To address this,an explainable AI model is proposed to solve the localization problem. Since the relationship among the variables is difficult to fully include in the first-stage traditional model, we develop a two-stage explainable AI solution for this localization problem. The two-stage solution is actually a comprehensive consideration of the relationship between variables. The solution can continue to use the constraints unused in the firststage during the second-stage, thereby improving the performance of the solution. Therefore, the two-stage solution has stronger robustness compared to the closed-form solution. Experimental results show that the performance of both the two-stage solution and the traditional solution will be affected by numerical changes in unknown parameters. However, the two-stage solution performs better than the traditional solution, especially with a small number of mobile transceivers and sensors or in the presence of high noise. Furthermore,we have also verified the feasibility of the proposed explainable-AI-based two-stage solution.

关键词： explainable AI object localization semidefinite relaxation mobile transceiver two-stage solution closed-form solution

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Endogenous retrovirus activation: potential for immunology and clinical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 21-23页

作者： Jundan Yu Peishan Qiu Jingwen Ai Bo Liu Guan-zhu han Fan zhu Wenhong Zhang Jie Cui Department of Infectious Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases Huashan Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology &Immunology Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Huashen Institute of Microbes and Infections College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Virology and Department of Medical Microbiology School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan University The Institute of Infection and Health Research Fudan University Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology(MOE/MOH) Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan University Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), the remnants of ancient retrovirus infections, constitute approximately 8% of the human genome and play important roles in human evolution, development,and diseases. Multiple drugs, such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and lysine-specific histone demethylase 1inhibitors, reactivate ERVs, induce viral mimicry and trigger innate immune responses to enhance tumor immunogenicity.

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Atmospheric transmission algorithm for pulsed X-rays from high-altitude nuclear detonations based on scattering correction

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 40-52页

作者： Ding-han zhu Xiong Zhang Xiao-Qiang Li Peng Li Yan-Bin Wang Shuang Zhang State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian Beijing 102205China

In high-altitude nuclear detonations,the proportion of pulsed X-ray energy can exceed 70%,making it a specific monitoring signal for such *** pulsed X-rays can be captured using a satellite-borne X-ray detector following atmospheric *** quantitatively analyze the effects of different satellite detection altitudes,burst heights,and transmission angles on the physical processes of X-ray transport and energy fluence,we developed an atmospheric transmission algorithm for pulsed X-rays from high-altitude nuclear detonations based on scattering *** proposed method is an improvement over the traditional analytical method that only computes direct-transmission *** traditional analytical method exhibits a maximum relative error of 67.79% compared with the Monte Carlo *** improved method reduces this error to within 10% under the same conditions,even reaching 1% in certain ***,its computation time is 48,000 times faster than that of the Monte Carlo *** results have important theoretical significance and engineering application value for designing satellite-borne nuclear detonation pulsed X-ray detectors,inverting nuclear detonation source terms,and assessing ionospheric effects.

关键词： High-altitude nuclear detonation Atmospheric transmission Pulsed X-rays Scattering correction Analytical method Monte Carlo method

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外交翻译史研究的价值、路径与任务——兼评《龙与狮的对话:翻译与马戛尔尼访华使团》

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上海翻译 2024年第2期 88-93页

作者：朱含汐浙江大学浙江杭州310058

王宏志的《龙与狮的对话:翻译与马戛尔尼访华使团》是首部从翻译角度研究马戛尔尼使团的著作,不仅重构了早期的中英外交关系,还为中国近代翻译史研究提供了重要参考。基于对该书的阅读与思考,本文指出,翻译在中国近代外交活动中作用巨... 详细信息

王宏志的《龙与狮的对话:翻译与马戛尔尼访华使团》是首部从翻译角度研究马戛尔尼使团的著作,不仅重构了早期的中英外交关系,还为中国近代翻译史研究提供了重要参考。基于对该书的阅读与思考,本文指出,翻译在中国近代外交活动中作用巨大、影响深远;从翻译的视角重审外交事件,过往的“史实”和“史观”也许会发生偏离或反转;翻译史研究需继续加强对原始材料的搜集和考证工作,采用问题导向、文本整体细读、多元互证等方法,还原翻译现场;目前外交翻译史的研究任务主要包括拓展研究面向、反思翻译研究的基本问题、建构历史与翻译的互动关系。

关键词：外交翻译史翻译史外交中英关系

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考虑政府规制下的竞争企业社会责任策略分析

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系统工程理论与实践 2024年第4期44卷 1321-1334页

作者：朱晗李彤唐加福黄伟祥东北财经大学管理科学与工程学院大连116025 东北财经大学辽宁省大数据管理与优化决策重点实验室大连116025 华南理工大学工商管理学院广州510641

随着公众对企业社会责任(corporate social responsibility,CSR)关注的提升,企业社会责任策略的选择极大影响着企业的利润与社会福利,企业如何选择经营策略以及政府如何采取规制措施促进企业CSR合规经营显得愈发重要.基于此,本文构建双... 详细信息

随着公众对企业社会责任(corporate social responsibility,CSR)关注的提升,企业社会责任策略的选择极大影响着企业的利润与社会福利,企业如何选择经营策略以及政府如何采取规制措施促进企业CSR合规经营显得愈发重要.基于此,本文构建双寡头垄断市场下的博弈模型,研究古诺竞争环境下的企业社会责任策略及政府规制措施.从企业视角刻画企业在不同环境下的最优运营策略,分析企业采取CSR合规经营的动机,探究暴露风险(暴露概率与需求敏感度)和CSR合规成本溢价对企业运营策略的影响.在此基础上从政府管理者视角提出五种可行的规制措施以促进企业的CSR合规经营,并分析每种措施的施行效果与对消费者剩余和社会福利的影响.研究表明,政府出台强制性CSR要求可能帮助企业跳出囚徒困境获得更高利润,但同时会损害消费者剩余与社会福利;量化企业CSR努力水平可以有效避免企业的CSR违规经营,提高消费者剩余与社会福利,形成市场-政府-消费者三赢的局面;避免市场过度竞争,对提升市场整体CSR合规程度有一定促进作用,但会带来其他不利影响;设立补贴在最大化社会福利的基础上,能有效激励企业选择CSR合规经营方式;而设立CSR违规罚金,虽然可以促使企业转向CSR合规经营,但会导致社会整体福利下降.

关键词：企业社会责任古诺模型竞争环境规制措施

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基于CNN-SAEDN-Res的短期电力负荷预测方法

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电力自动化设备 2024年第4期44卷 164-170页

作者：崔杨朱晗王议坚张璐李扬东北电力大学现代电力系统仿真控制与绿色电能新技术教育部重点实验室吉林吉林132012 中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院北京100083

基于深度学习的序列模型难以处理混有非时序因素的负荷数据,这导致预测精度不足。提出一种基于卷积神经网络(CNN)、自注意力编码解码网络(SAEDN)和残差优化(Res)的短期电力负荷预测方法。特征提取模块由二维卷积神经网络组成,用于挖掘... 详细信息

基于深度学习的序列模型难以处理混有非时序因素的负荷数据,这导致预测精度不足。提出一种基于卷积神经网络(CNN)、自注意力编码解码网络(SAEDN)和残差优化(Res)的短期电力负荷预测方法。特征提取模块由二维卷积神经网络组成,用于挖掘数据间的局部相关性,获取高维特征。初始负荷预测模块由自注意力编码解码网络和前馈神经网络构成,利用自注意力机制对高维特征进行自注意力编码,获取数据间的全局相关性,从而模型能根据数据间的耦合关系保留混有非时序因素数据中的重要信息,通过解码模块进行自注意力解码,并利用前馈神经网络回归初始负荷。引入残差机制构建负荷优化模块,生成负荷残差,优化初始负荷。算例结果表明,所提方法在预测精度和预测稳定性方面具有优势。

关键词：短期电力负荷预测卷积神经网络自注意力机制残差机制负荷优化

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数据安全认证机构的法律规制

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信息技术与管理应用 2024年第2期3卷 45-56页

作者：朱涵中南财经政法大学法学院

数字时代,以数据安全认证机构为代表的第三方规制主体,充分利用市场的力量,弥补了政府规制互联网企业、保护数据安全的缺陷。然而,数据安全认证机构作为分享了公权力的非国家之权力组织,面临着第三方规制的正当性缺失、容易被互联网企... 详细信息

数字时代,以数据安全认证机构为代表的第三方规制主体,充分利用市场的力量,弥补了政府规制互联网企业、保护数据安全的缺陷。然而,数据安全认证机构作为分享了公权力的非国家之权力组织,面临着第三方规制的正当性缺失、容易被互联网企业“俘获”等规制失灵的理论与实践困境。在“规制空间”的制度范式中,通过对第三方规制主体的程序性再规制,发挥行业组织的社会性治理能力,引入多元主体的力量,补强第三方规制机构的可问责性,形成政府与私人主体的合作规制治理,发挥“硬法”与“软法”兼施的协调配合作用,达到良好社会性规制的效果,助力实现数据安全风险的整体可控和合规保障。

关键词：数据安全认证第三方规制再规制程序法治

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