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Correlations between serum kidney injury molecule-1,cystatin C and immunosuppressants:A cross-sectional study of renal transplant patients in Bahrain

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第3期38卷 269-277页

作者： Kannan Sridharan Shamik Shah Mona Al hammad Fatima Ali Mohammed Sindhan Veeramuthu Mona Abdulla Taher Mustafa Mohamed hammad Lamees Jawad Eman Farid Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Nephrology Salmaniya Medical ComplexManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain Salmaniya Medical Complex ManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Laboratory Medicine Salmaniya Medical ComplexManamaKingdom of Bahrain Department of Microbiology Immunologyand Infectious DiseasesCollege of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain

Renal transplant patients receive several immunosuppressive drug regimens that are potentially nephrotoxic for *** creatinine is the standard for monitoring kidney function;however,cystatin C(Cys C)and kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1)have been found to indicate kidney injury earlier than serum creatinine and provide a better reflection of kidney ***,we assessed Cys C and KIM-1 serum levels in renal transplant patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil,tacrolimus,sirolimus,everolimus,or cyclosporine to evaluate kidney *** used both the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)2021 equation,which is based on creatinine and combined creatinine with Cys C,and the CKD-EPI 2012 equation,which is based on Cys C alone,to estimate glomerular filtration rate(GFR).Then,we assessed the association between serum KIM-1 and GFR<90 mL per minute per 1.73 *** observed significantly higher serum Cys C levels in patients with the elevated serum creatinine,compared with those with normal serum *** estimated GFRs based on creatinine were significantly higher than those based on the other equations,while a significant positive correlation was observed among all *** KIM-1 levels were negatively correlated with the estimated GFRs by the CKD-EPI Cys C and the combined creatinine with Cys C equations.A serum KIM-1 level above 0.71 ng/mL is likely to indicate GFR<90 mL per minute per 1.73 *** observed a significant correlation between serum creatinine and Cys C in our renal transplant ***,serum KIM-1 may be used to monitor renal function when using potentially nephrotoxic drugs in renal transplants.

关键词： KIM-1 cystatin C mycophenolate mofetil tacrolimus everolimus sirolimus cyclosporine

Multi-Elemental Chemostratigraphy,Sequence Development,Depositional History,and Environmental Importance of Early Eocene Red Beds(Kuldana Formation)in NW Himalayas,Pakistan

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 349-375页

作者： Amir Shahzad George Kontakiotis Thierry Adatte Khawaja Shoaib Ahmed Muhammad Tayyib Riaz hammad Tariq Janjuhah Evangelia Besiou Institute of Geology University of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan Department of Historical Geology-Paleontology Faculty of Geology and GeoenvironmentSchool of Earth SciencesNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensPanepistimiopolisZografou15784Greece Institute of Earth Sciences(ISTE) University of LausanneLausanneCH-1015Switzerland Department of Geology Shaheed Benazir Bhutto UniversitySheringalPeshawar18050Pakistan

The Eocene Kuldana Formation(KF)in the Yadgar area of Pakistan,comprises a diverse range of sedimentary facies,including variegated red beds of shales,mudstones,and sandstones,as well as interbedded limestone and *** this study,we conducted an integrated micropaleontological,sedimentological,mineralogical,and geochemical investigation to determine the depositional setting,biochronology,provenance,and paleoclimate of the *** study identified six lithofacies and six microfacies,which indicate a variety of environments ranging from floodplains and channels to the margins and shallow marine *** nannofossil biostratigraphy places the KF in the Early Eocene,more precisely the NP10 zone(Ypresian),and the fossil zone of benthic foraminifera classifies the study section as the Shallow Benthic Zone SBZ-8(Middle Ilerdian 2).In terms of petrography,the KF sandstone was classified as litharenite and feldspathic litharenite,while the QtFL diagram suggests a recycled *** proxies indicate an oxidizing environment,a high-to-low regular sedimentation rate,moderate-to-intense chemical weathering in the source region,and a warm-humid to dry climate during the deposition of ***,the findings suggest that the deposition of KF marks the end of Neo-Tethys due to the Early Eocene Indian–Kohistan collision and that the uplifting of the Himalayas provided the source for the deposition of KF in the foreland *** study provides new insights into the depositional environment,biochronology,provenance,and paleoclimate of KF,and highlights the potential for red beds as reliable indicators of oxygenation levels in proximity to mineral deposits.

关键词： sedimentary microfacies Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum stratigraphic correlations paleoenvironmental reconstruction nannofossils paleontology

Flavone improves liver damage in nicotine-exposed rats via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第8期14卷 341-349页

作者： Nora A.Elsayed Fatma SM Moawed Esraa SA Ahmed Ahmed hammad Omayma AR Abo-Zaid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department Faculty of Vet.Med.Benha UniversityBenha cityEgypt Health Radiation Research National Center for Radiation Research and TechnologyEgyptian Atomic Energy AuthorityCairoEgypt Radiation Biology Department National Center for Radiation Research and TechnologyEgyptian Atomic Energy AuthorityCairoEgypt

Objective:To assess the hepatoprotective effects of flavone on nicotine-induced liver ***:Thirty-six rats were allocated into six groups:the control group,the nicotine group,the flavone alone groups(10 and 25 mg/kg/body weight),and the nicotine groups treated with flavone(10 and 25 mg/kg/body weight).Liver function,oxidative stress,Nrf2 pathway(HO-1,Nrf2,and Keap-1),and inflammatory markers(IL-17,TNF-α,and NF-κB)were ***,a histopathological examination of liver tissues was ***:Nicotine increased liver damage,inflammation,and oxidative ***,flavone suppressed nicotine-induced liver enzymes,oxidative stress,and inflammation,as manifested by increased antioxidants and decreased malondialdehyde level,liver enzymatic activities,and inflammatory ***(10 and 25 mg/kg/body weight)also reduced the level of Keap-1 and increased HO-1 and Nrf2 levels in the liver of nicotine-exposed ***:Flavone has hepatoprotective properties and may slow the progression of liver injury by reducing oxidative stress,liver enzymes,and inflammation possibly via the Nrf2 pathway.

关键词： Flavone Nicotine Liver Nrf2 HO-1 NF-κB

Radiographic Equipment and Accessories as a Potential Source of Nosocomial Infection

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第3期14卷 147-155页

作者： Lina Fahmi hammad Essam Hussain Mattar Hanadi Talal Ahmedah Mohamed Zain Shamweel Ahmad Hiba Shamweel Radiological Sciences Department College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh KSA Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences King Abdulaziz University Rabegh KSA Botany and Microbiology Department College of Science King Saud University Riyadh KSA Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences College of Medical Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al Kharj KSA Al-Haram Diagnostic Research and Training Center Srinagar Kashmir

Background: Nosocomial infections have become a major challenge in healthcare facilities as they affect the quality of medical care. Radiological imaging plays a crucial role in medical diagnosis. However, the equipment and accessories used increase the risk of transmission of nosocomial bacteria. Objective: This study aims to reveal the extent and nature of microbiological contamination in four hospital diagnostic imaging departments to determine their potential role in the spread of nosocomial bacteria and to evaluate the effectiveness of routine daily disinfection practices in controlling microorganisms in diagnostic imaging departments. Methods & Results: In each department, swabs were taken from the surfaces of selected parts of the equipment and accessories three times a day (early morning, noon, and evening) for five consecutive days. Bacteria were isolated from 65 swabs (36.1% of all samples). The bacteria were isolated 3 times (4.6%) in the morning, 16 times (24.6%) at midday, and 46 times (70.7%) in the evening. The bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli (isolated 34 times;52.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (20 times;30.8%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (6 times;9.3%), and Klebsiella species (5 times;7.7%). Discussion & Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that radiology equipment and accessories are not free of bacteria and further improvements in the sterilization and disinfection of radiology equipment and accessories are needed to protect staff and patients from nosocomial infections.

关键词： Diagnostic Imaging Department Nosocomial Infection Radiographic Accessories Radiographic Equipment

Protectivity of Freeze Dried Inactivated Rift Valley Fever Vaccine

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 21-37页

作者： Diana M. Abulmagd Mohamed Hassan Atwa Noha Ezz Aldin Marwa Yehia hammad Taradi Abdel Fattah Said Rift Valley Fever Vaccine Research Department Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute Agriculture Research Center (ARC) Cairo Egypt

Background: Vaccinations for animals are crucial for food production, animal welfare, public health, and animal health. They are an affordable way to stop animal sickness, increase food production efficiency, and lessen or stop the spread of zoonotic diseases to humans. Animal vaccines that are both safe and efficacious are vital to modern culture. The vaccine should induce a strong, protective and prolonged immune response against the antigenic factor. In order to achieve these goals, novel vaccination techniques and an efficient adjuvant are required to render the vaccine immunogenically protective and trigger a strong immune response. Aim: Our study aims to promote and enhance the immunogenicity against RVF virus disease through lyophilized inactivated RVF vaccine through induction of early cellular, high and prolonged humeral immunity in vaccinated animals using cabopol as stabilizer and Saponin or normal saline as a diluent at time of vaccination. Moreover, manufacturing of these vaccines is easy to be done. Results: The gained results revealed that RVF freeze-dried vaccine with Carbopol that reconstituted using Saponin elicited better immune response than that reconstituted using normal saline (NaCl). The cell mediated immune response as represented by lymphocyte blastogenesis and phagocytic activity were markedly increased with high levels when we used Saponin as a diluent than that in group vaccinated with vaccine diluted with NaCl, on the other side the humeral immune response in group vaccinated using the Saponin as diluent is more detected and stayed within the protective level till the end of 11th month post vaccination (1.5 TCID50) while the immune response induced after using normal saline as a diluent stayed within the protective level till the end of 10th month post vaccination (1.8 TCID50). Conclusion: The use of Saponin as a diluent for reconstitution of the freeze dried RVF vaccine is preferable than the

关键词： Rift Valley Fever Saponin Cabopol Binary Ethylenemine Serum Neutralization Test

活性赤泥-聚吡咯复合材料对活性黄-145染料的吸附研究

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水处理技术 2024年第5期50卷 47-53页

作者： Muhammad Talha Majeed 李扬 hammad Saulat 吴博文李攀钰胡浩权大连理工大学化工学院煤化工研究所辽宁大连116024

染料是一种结构复杂、具有剧毒的有机化合物,对人体毒害作用大。本研究制备了一种基于活性赤泥(activated red mud,ARM)和聚合吡咯(polypyrrole,PPy)的吸附剂,并应用于水溶液中染料的吸附脱除。通过吸附实验研究了溶液pH、吸附剂种类、... 详细信息

染料是一种结构复杂、具有剧毒的有机化合物,对人体毒害作用大。本研究制备了一种基于活性赤泥(activated red mud,ARM)和聚合吡咯(polypyrrole,PPy)的吸附剂,并应用于水溶液中染料的吸附脱除。通过吸附实验研究了溶液pH、吸附剂种类、吸附时间、添加量和染料初始浓度对吸附过程的影响,并对ARM-PPy复合材料进行分析表征,阐明了活性黄染料-145(RYD-145)的吸附作用机制。RYD-145在ARM-PPy上的吸附过程与三种吸附等温线关联极好(R2>0.99),其中Langmuir吸附最合适。根据Langmuir吸附模型的拟合结果,RYD-145的最大吸附量是442.5 mg/g。热力学研究表明,RYD-145分子在ARM-PPy的吸附过程中,焓变(ΔH)和熵变(ΔS)均增加,这表明该过程为吸热过程,且表面RYD-145分子排列具有随机性。研究表明,ARM-PPy具有高效处理阴离子和阳离子染料污染废水的能力,且具有较好的成本效益。

关键词：吸附染料赤泥活性黄染料-145 聚吡咯

Decoding molecular mechanisms:brain aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2279-2299页

作者： Mahnoor Hayat Rafay Ali Syed hammad Qaiser Mohammad Uzair Khalid Al-Regaiey Roaa Khallaf Lubna Abdullah Mohammed Albassam Imdad Kaleem Xueyi Wang Ran Wang Mehwish SBhatti Shahid Bashir Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Basic&Applied SciencesInternational Islamic University Islamabad(IIUI)IslamabadPakistan Department of Bioengineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Mental Health Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Biosciences Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South(COMSATS University)IslamabadPakistan Department of Psychiatry The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Neuroscience Center King Fahad Specialist Hospital DammamDammamSaudi Arabia

The complex morphological,anatomical,physiological,and chemical mechanisms within the aging brain have been the hot topic of research for *** aging process alters the brain structure that affects functions and cognitions,but the worsening of such processes contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's *** these observable,mild morphological shifts,significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity critically influence the aging *** these changes is important for maintaining cognitive health,especially given the increasing prevalence of age-related conditions that affect *** review aims to explore the age-induced changes in brain plasticity and molecular processes,differentiating normal aging from the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease,thereby providing insights into predicting the risk of dementia,particularly Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain aging cognitive health dementia molecular mechanisms neuronal activity neuroplasticity neurotransmission

Variable viscosity effects on the flow of MHD hybrid nanofluid containing dust particles over a needle with Hall current——a Xue model exploration

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2022年第5期74卷 121-131页

作者： Muhammad Ramzan hammad Alotaibi Department of Computer Science Bahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of ScienceTaif UniversityPOBox 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia

This study scrutinizes the flow of engine oil-based suspended carbon nanotubes magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)hybrid nanofluid with dust particles over a thin moving needle following the Xue *** analysis also incorporates the effects of variable viscosity with Hall *** heat transfer analysis,the effects of the Cattaneo–Christov theory and heat generation/absorption with thermal slip are integrated into the temperature *** Tiwari–Das nanofluid model is used to develop the envisioned mathematical *** similarity transformation,the governing equations for the flow are translated into ordinary differential *** bvp4c method based on Runge–Kutta is used,along with a shooting *** are used to examine and depict the consequences of significant parameters on involved *** results revealed that the temperature of the fluid and boundary layer thickness is diminished as the solid volume fraction is ***,with an enhancement in the variable viscosity parameter,the velocity distribution becomes more *** results are substantiated by assessing them with an available study.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid dusty fluid variable viscosity Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model Hall current

Offshore Carbonate Facies Characterization and Reservoir Quality of Miocene Rocks in the Southern Margin of South China Sea

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第5期94卷 1547-1561页

作者： hammad Tariq JANJUHAH Abubaker ALANSARI Department of Geology Shaheed Benazir Bhutto UniversitySheringal Upper DirKPKPakistan Department of Geology American University of BeirutRiad El-SolhBeirut11072020Lebanon Department of Geosciences University Technology PETRONAS32610PerakMalaysia

Carbonate rocks are important hydrocarbon reservoirs around the globe and in Southeast Asia a key one,particularly,is the Central Luconia *** the internal characteristics,distribution,geometry and lateral extent of these rocks is essential for exploration and production *** work on Miocene carbonate reservoir facies,north of Bintulu,offshore Sarawak includes qualitative and quantitative analysis of photomicrographs and reservoir quality,considering especially ***,these carbonates are known as Cycles IV and V and are represented by eight major facies types(F-1 to F-8).They comprise:coated grain packstone(F-1)(av.Ф=3%,***=0.5 m D)(av=Average;?=total porosity,and Kh=permeability);massive coral lime grainstone(F-2)(av.Ф=14.7%,***=6 m D);oncolite lime grain-dominated packstone(F-3)(av.Ф=10%,***=4 m D);skeletal lime/dolo-packstone(F-4)(av.Ф=15%,***=4.6 m D);coral(platy)lime mud-dominated packstone(F-5)(av.Ф=4%,***=0.5 m D);coral(branching)lime-dominated pack-grainstone(F-6)(av.Ф=15%,***=1 m D);cross-bedded skeletal lime packstone(F-7)(av.Ф=20%,***=2 m D);and bioturbated carbonate mudstone/chalk(F-8)(av.Ф=8%,***=0.8 m D).Study of thin sections reveals that red algae,foraminifera,and corals are the dominant fossil components with a minor admixture of skeletal fragments of echinoderms,bivalves,bryozoans,and green *** parameters,e.g.,facies characterization,petrography,porosity–permeability value,and microporosity value were utilized to obtain a reliable reservoir *** microporosity value was quantified using digital image analysis software and is significant for recognition of good reservoir *** of the presence of microporosity against the total porosity in the carbonate rocks has improved the correlation coefficient(R2)value,which has increased from 0.51 to 0.82.

关键词： carbonates petrography grain types porosity-permeability hydrocarbons microporosity offshore Sarawak