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Optimizing Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy Using a Neural Intelligent Agent-Based Platform

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International Journal of Intelligence Science 2021年第2期11卷 70-96页

作者： hamdi ben abdessalem Alexie Byrns Claude Frasson Département d’Informatique et de Recherche Opérationnelle Université de Montréal Montréal Canada

Alzheimer’s disease affects millions of persons every year. Negative emotions such as stress and frustration have a negative impact on memory function and Alzheimer's patients experience more negative emotions than healthy adults. Non-pharmacological treatment such as immersion in virtual environments could help Alzheimer patients by reducing their negative emotions, but it has restrictions and requirements. In this work, we present three virtual reality relaxing systems in which the patients are immersed in relaxing environments. We propose to use intelligent agents in order to adapt the relaxing environment to each participant and optimize its relaxation effect. The intelligent agents track the emotions of patients using electroencephalography as input in order to adapt the environments. We designed each system with different levels of intelligence in order to analyze the impact of the adaptation on the patients. Experiments were performed for each system on participants with subjective cognitive decline. Results show that these relaxing systems can reduce negative emotions and improve participants’ memory performance. The positive effects on affective state and memory persisted for a longer period of time and were generally more effective for the systems with more intelligence. We believe that the combination of a relaxing environment, virtual reality, intelligent agents for adapting

关键词： EEG Brain Assessment Intelligent Agent Virtual Reality Alzheimer’s Disease Subjective Cognitive Decline Emotions Adaptation Emotional Intelligence

Cognitive Workload Assessment of Aircraft Pilots

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2022年第10期12卷 474-484页

作者： Maxime Antoine hamdi ben abdessalem Claude Frasson Departement d’Informatique et de Recherche Operationnelle Universite de Montreal Montreal Canada

In this research, we study the cognitive workload of aircraft pilots during a simulated takeoff procedure. We propose a proof-of-concept setup environment to gather heart rate, pupil dilation, and brain cognitive workload data during an A320 takeoff within a simulator. Experiments were performed during which we collected 136 takeoffs across 13 pilots for more than 9 hours of time-series data. Moreover, this paper investigates the correlations between heart rate, pupil dilation, and cognitive workload during such exercise and found that a spike in cognitive load during a critical moment, such as an engine failure, augments a pilot’s heart rate and pupil dilation. Results show that a critical moment within a takeoff procedure increases a pilot’s cognitive load. Next, we used a stacked-LSTM model to predict cognitive workload 5 seconds into the future. The model was able to produce accurate predictions.

关键词： Cognitive Workload Aviation Heart Rate Pupil Dilation Machine Learning Deep Learning EEG

Detection and Recuperation of Mental Fatigue

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2023年第2期13卷 15-31页

作者： Alyssa Hajj Assaf hamdi ben abdessalem Claude Frasson Département d’Informatique et de Recherche Opérationnelle Université de Montréal Montréal Canada

Mental fatigue is a complex state that results from prolonged cognitive activity. Symptoms of mental fatigue can include change in mood, motivation, and temporary deterioration of various cognitive functions involved in goal-directed behavior. Extensive research has been done to develop methods for recognizing physiological and psychophysiological signs of mental fatigue. This has allowed the development of many AI-based models to classify different levels of fatigue, using data extracted from eye-tracking device, EEG, or ECG. In this paper, we present an experimental protocol which aims to both generate/measure mental fatigue and provide effective strategies for recuperation via VR sessions paired with EEG and eye tracking devices. This paper first provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art of mental fatigue predictive factors, measurement methods, and recuperation strategies. Then the paper presents an experimental protocol resulting from the state-of-the-art to 1) generate and measure mental fatigue and 2) evaluate the effectiveness of virtual therapy for fatigue recuperation, using a virtual reality (VR) simulated environment. In our work, we successfully generated mental fatigue through completion of cognitive tasks in a virtual simulated environment. Participants showed significant decline in pupil diameter and theta/alpha score during the various cognitive tasks. We trained an RBF SVM classifier from Electroencephalogram (EEG) data classifying mental fatigue with 95% accuracy on the test set. Finally, our results show that the time allocated for virtual therapy did not improve pupil diameter in post-relaxation period. Further research on the impact of relaxation therapy on relaxation therapy should allocate time closer to the standard recovery time of 60 min.

关键词： Mental Fatigue Recovery Machine Learning Mental Workload Task-Engagement Virtual Reality EEG Pupil Diameter

Identifying Brain Characteristics of Bright Students

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Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2018年第3期10卷 93-103页

作者： Ramla Ghali hamdi ben abdessalem Claude Frasson Roger Nkambou Department of Computer Science Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal Canada Department of Computer Science and Operations Research Université de Montréal Montréal Canada

Gifted students have different ways of learning. They are characterized by a fitful level of attention and intuitive reasoning. In order to distinguish gifted students from normal students, we conducted an experiment with 17 pupils, willing participants in this study. We collected different types of data (gender, age, performance, initial average in math and EEG mental states) in a web platform called NetMath intending for the learning of mathematics. We selected ten tasks divided into three difficulty levels (easy, medium and hard). Participants were invited to respond to top-level exercises on the four basic operations in decimals. Our first results confirmed that the student’s performance has no relation with age. A younger 9-year-old student achieved a higher score than the group with an average of 68.18%. This student can be considered as a gifted one. The gifted students can be also characterized by a mean value of attention (around 60%). They also can be defined by slightly weaker values of their mental states of attention and workload in comparison with the weak pupils.

关键词： NetMath Platform Performance Workload Attention Relaxation Decimal Numbers

EEG Analysis of the Contribution of Music Therapy and Virtual Reality to the Improvement of Cognition in Alzheimer’s Disease

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2020年第8期13卷 187-201页

作者： Alexie Byrns hamdi ben abdessalem Marc Cuesta Marie-Andrée Bruneau Sylvie Belleville Claude Frasson Département d’Informatique et de Recherche Opérationnelle Université de Montréal Montréal Canada Centre de Recherche de l’Institut de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal Canada

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, affecting nearly 9.9 million new people every year. The disease provokes important memory and cognitive impairment, eventually causing individuals to forget their loved ones and rendering them completely dependent on their caretakers. Alzheimer’s patients typically experience more negative emotions, such as frustration and apathy, than healthy older adults. There is currently no cure for the disease. Our research group explores how the integration of virtual reality (VR) and an EEG-based intelligent agent in music therapy can alleviate psychological and cognitive symptoms of the disease. We propose a theory explaining how, through activation of the brain reward system, music can reduce negative emotions, increase positive emotions and as a result increase performance on cognitive tasks. The results of our experimental study concord with our theory: emotional states of participants are improved, as per recorded through EEG, and performances on memory tasks show improvement following the intervention. We believe that the combination of EEG brain assessment, VR and music therapy is a promising method for emotional states and cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Assessment Virtual Reality Music Therapy Neurofeedback Memory Cognition

Optimizing Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy Using a Neural Intelligent Agent-Based Platform

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Cognitive Workload Assessment of Aircraft Pilots

International Journal of Intelligence Science（智能科学国际期刊） 2021年第2期

作者： hamdi ben abdessalem Alexie Byrns Claude Frasson

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Detection and Recuperation of Mental Fatigue

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science（行为与脑科学期刊） 2022年第10期

作者： maxime antoine hamdi ben abdessalem claude frasson

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A New Non-centrosymmetric Microporous Fluorinated Iron Phosphate： Structural Elucidation, Spectroscopic Study and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science（行为与脑科学期刊） 2023年第2期

作者： Alyssa Hajj Assaf hamdi ben abdessalem Claude Frasson

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2016年第4期32卷 519-526页

作者： Nabaa BOUZIDIA Besma hamdi Abdelhamid ben SALAH Laboratory of Materials Science and Environment Faculty of Sciences of Sfax University of Sfax PB 1171 3000 SFAX Tunisia

The crystal structure of a new non-centrosymmetric microporous fluorinated iron phosphate, （H30）2[Fe4（H2O）2F4（PO4）2（HPO4）2]（H2O）, was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and the result reveals that it belongs to the orthorhombic system with four molecules in the unit cell（space group P212121）. Thus, the complex was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic techniques（Fourier transform infrared and Fourier transform Raman） and 19F MAS NMR. The elemental analysis of the sample was also carried out. The chiral inorganic sheets, which stacked along [100] showed the presence of FeF2O4 as well as FeF2O3H2O octahedra, PO4 besides HPO4 tetrahedra, hydronium ions（H3O＋） and isolated water molecules. Hirshfeld surface analysis, especially dnom surface and fingerprint plots, were used for decoding the intermolecular interactions in the crystal network and the contribution of component units for the construction of the 3D architecture. From the Hirshfeld surfaces and 2D fingerprint analysis, it was found that the subtle interactions, such as H...H associating the third intense interaction of all intercontacts, provide extra stabilization in addition to the presence of the strong hydrogen bonds mentioned above.

关键词： Non-centrosymmetric structure Iron fluorinated phosphate Hirshfeld surface analysis