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Clinical effectiveness of adding probiotics to a low FODMAP diet:Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第25期9卷 7417-7432页

作者： Beril Turan Göksel Bengi Ruksan Cehreli hale akpınar Müjde Soytürk Department of Internal Medicine Dokuz Eylül UniversityIzmir 35000Turkey Department of Gastroenterology Dokuz Eylul University IzmirIzmir 35000Turkey Department of Preventive Oncology Dokuz Eylül UniversityInstitute of Oncologyİzmir 35000Turkey

BACKGROUND There are various studies showing the relationship between irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and diet,and some dietary adjustments are recommended to reduce *** recent years,there is a growing number of studies that show a 4-8 wk low fermentable oligo,di-and mono-saccharides and polyols(FODMAP)diet has a 50%-80%significant effect on symptoms in IBS *** is strong evidence suggesting that changes in fecal microbiota have an impact on IBS *** on this argument,probiotics have been used in IBS treatment for a long *** is seen,the FODMAP diet and probiotics are used separately in IBS *** To evaluate the effectiveness of adding probiotics to a low FODMAP diet to control the symptoms in patients with *** The patients who were admitted to the Gastroenterology Clinic of Dokuz Eylul University Hospital and diagnosed with IBS according to Rome IV criteria were enrolled into the *** were randomized into 2 groups each of which consisted of 50 *** patients were referred to a dietitian to receive dietary recommendations for the low FODMAP diet with a daily intake of 9 *** patients were asked to keep a diary of foods and beverages they *** patients in Group 1 were given supplementary food containing probiotics(2 g)once a day in addition to their low FODMAP diet,while the patients in Group 2 were given a placebo once a day in addition to their low FODMAP *** analogue scale(VAS),the Bristol Stool Scale and IBS Symptom Severity Scale(IBSSSS)scores were evaluated before and after the 21 d *** The rate of adherence of 85 patients,who completed the study,to the FODMAP restricted diet was 92%,being 90%in Group 1 and 94%in Group *** mean scores of VAS and IBS-SSS of the patients in Group 1 before treatment were 4.6±2.7 and 310.0±78.4,respectively,and these scores decreased to 2.0±1.9 and 172.0±93.0 after treatment(both P<0.001).The mean VAS and IBS-SSS scores of the patients in G

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Probiotics Low Fermentable Oligo,Di-and Mono-Saccharides and Polyols diet Visual Analogue Scale the Bristol Stool Scale Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptom Severity Scale

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FIXED-POINT CONTINUATION APPLIED TO COMPRESSED SENSING:IMPLEMENTATION AND NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2010年第2期28卷 170-194页

作者： Elaine T.hale Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics Rice University

Fixed-point continuation （FPC） is an approach, based on operator-splitting and continuation, for solving minimization problems with l1-regularization：min ｜｜x｜｜1＋uf（x）.We investigate the application of this algorithm to compressed sensing signal recovery, in which f（x） = 1/2｜｜Ax-b｜｜2M,A∈m×n and m≤n. In particular, we extend the original algorithm to obtain better practical results, derive appropriate choices for M and u under a given measurement model, and present numerical results for a variety of compressed sensing problems. The numerical results show that the performance of our algorithm compares favorably with that of several recently proposed algorithms.

关键词： l1 regularization Fixed-point algorithm Continuation Compressed sensing,Numerical experiments.

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Decay threshold of acetylated rattan (Calamus manan) against soft rot

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 375-380页

作者： Norul Hisham Hamid Mike hale Department of Forest Production Faculty of Forestry University Putra of Malaysia School of Environment Natural Resources and Geography Bangor University

We investigated the resistance of acetylated rattan against soft rot and other soil inhabiting micro-organisms in comparison with wood of beech and Scots pine. Calamus manan of 10 and 13 years old under rubber tree canopy was acetylated to different levels by reaction times （0.25 to 30 hours） and was tested for soft rot decay for 32 weeks. Acetylated rattan at decay protection thresholds of 15.4% and 16.2% weight gain （WG） were fully protected, as shown by both weight loss and strength loss criteria. The static bending properties of untreated rattan decayed by soft rot were significantly lower than for acetylated rattan.

关键词： acetylation cultivated rattan soft rot static bending properties

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Pretreatment with adenosine and adenosine A1 receptor agonist protects against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第4期13卷 538-547页

作者： V Haktan Ozacmak hale Sayan Department of Physiology School of Medicine Zonguldak Karaelmas University Kozlu 67600 Zonguldak Turkey

AIM： To examine the effects of adenosine and A1 receptor activation on reperfusion-induced small intestinal injury. METHODS： Rats were randomized into groups with sham operation, ischemia and reperfusion, and systemic treatments with either adenosine or 2-chloro-N^6-cyclopentyladenosine, A1 receptor agonist or 8-cyclopentyl- 1,3-clipropylxanthine, A1 receptor antagonist, plus adenosine before ischemia. Following reperfusion, contractions of ileum segments in response to KCl, carbachol and substance P were recorded. Tissue myeloperoxidase,malondialdehyde, and reduced glutathione levels were measured. RESULTS： Ischemia significantly decreased both contraction and reduced glutathione level which were ameliorated by adenosine and agonist administration. Treatment also decreased neutrophil infiltration and membrane lipid peroxidation. Beneficial effects of adenosine were abolished by pretreatment with A1 receptor antagonist. CONCLUSION： The data suggest that adenosine and A1 receptor stimulation attenuate ischemic intestinal injury via decreasing oxidative stress, lowering neutrophil infiltration, and increasing reduced glutathione content.

关键词： Adenosine Adenosine A1 receptor Intestinalischemia Pharmacological preconditioning

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Chebfun and numerical quadrature

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Science China Mathematics 2012年第9期55卷 1749-1760页

作者： hale Nicholas TREFETHEN Lloyd N Mathematical Institute University of OxfordOxford OX1 3LBUK

Chebfun is a Matlab-based software system that overloads Matlab's discrete operations for vectors and matrices to analogous continuous operations for functions and *** begin by describing Chebfun's fast capabilities for Clenshaw-Curtis and also Gauss-Legendre,-Jacobi,-Hermite,and-Laguerre quadrature,based on algorithms of Waldvogel and Glaser,Liu and *** we consider how such methods can be applied to quadrature problems including 2D integrals over rectangles,fractional derivatives and integrals,functions defined on unbounded intervals,and the fast computation of weights for barycentric interpolation.

关键词： Chebfun Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature Gauss quadrature barycentric interpolation formula Riemann-Liouville integral fractional calculus

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Small and Medium Enterprises and Global Risks: Evidence from Manufacturing SMEs in Turkey

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第1期11卷 59-73页

作者： Ali Asgary Ali Ihsan Ozdemir hale Ozyürek Disaster and Emergency Management School of Administrative StudiesYork UniversityTorontoON M3J 1P3Canada Business Administration Department Business SchoolAnkara Yildirim Beyazit UniversityEsenboga CampusAnkaraTurkey KOSGEB(Small and Medium Industry Development Organization) AnkaraTurkey

This study investigated how small and medium enterprises(SMEs) in a country perceive major global risks. The aim was to explore how country attributes and circumstances affect SME assessments of the likelihood,impacts, and rankings of global risks, and to find out if SME risk assessment and rankings differ from the global rankings. Data were gathered using an online survey of manufacturing SMEs in Turkey. The results show that global economic risks and geopolitical risks are of major concern for SMEs, and environmental risks are at the bottom of their ranking. Among the economic risks, fiscal crises in key economies and high structural unemployment or underemployment were found to be the highest risks for the SMEs. Failure of regional or global governance, failure of national governance, and interstate conflict with regional consequences were found to be among the top geopolitical risks for the SMEs. The SMEs considered the risk of largescale cyber-attacks and massive incident of data fraud/theft to be relatively higher than other global technological *** social instability and failure of urban planning were among the top societal risks for the SMEs. Although the global environmental and disaster risks were ranked lowest on the list, man-made environmental damage and disasters and major natural hazard-induced disasters were ranked the highest among this group of risks. Overall, the results show that SMEs at a country level, for example Turkey, perceive global risks differently than the major global players.

关键词： Global risks Risk assessment Risk matrix Small and medium enterprises Turkey

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Electro-Optics and Band Gap Energies of Nanosilver-Coated TiO2 Nanotubes on Titanium Metal

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2018年第2期31卷 153-163页

作者： Ugursoy Olgun Mustafa Gülfen Fatih Ustel hale Arslan Department of Chemistry Faculty of Arts and Sciences Sakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering Sakarya University 54187 Sakarya Turkey

TiO2 nanotubes on Ti metal surface were prepared by the electrochemical anodization method. Then, nanosilver was deposited onto the nanotubes by the electroless dip coating and the anodization. The obtained TiO2 nanotubes were examined by using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, and UV–Vis. The electrochemical band gap（Eg^CV） of the nanosilver-coated TiO2 nanotubes prepared by the anodization was found as 1.54 eV. Using the UV–Vis measurements, the optical band gap energy（Eg^op.） was calculated as 1.51 eV for the Ag/TiO2 nanotubes obtained by electroless dip coating. The electrical conductivity of the TiO2 nanotubes also increased from 3.0 × 10^-4 to 34.7 S/cm after nano Ag deposition by the anodization *** Ag/TiO2 nanotubes with low band gap and high electrical conductivity are desirable for the applications in electronics, Li-ion batteries, and solar cells.

关键词： Electrochemical anodization TiO2 nanotubes Nano Ag deposition Band gap energy Electrical conductivity

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Patterns of climber distribution in temperate forests of the Americas

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第6期9卷 724-733页

作者： Annik Schnitzler Javier Amigo Brack hale Christophe Schnitzler Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux(LIEC) UMR 7360 Universitéde LorraineMetzFrance Laboratorio de Botánica Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de Santiago de CompostelaA CoruñaSpain Franklin University Switzerland SorengoSwitzerland Facultédes Sciences du Sport UnistraUniversitéde StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance

Aims and Methods We propose a standard protocol at the landscape to continental scale for examining to what extent the range of ecological conditions found in temperate latitudes explains the variations in climber species richness and *** protocol was tested in forests of the two *** data set included 151 climber *** selected four categorical traits and grouped these species into six clusters with regard to these *** records of American forests were first gathered into alliances,second combined with bioclimatic indices(rainfall,temperature,continentality).We obtained a total of 59 vegetational units in which we calculated values of climber species richness and proportion of *** units were ultimately gathered into five forest formations(characterized by leaf longevity).Wetlands and uplands were considered *** Findings Our results emphasize clear trends in large-scale patterns of climber distribution,independently of *** species richness(in particular woody climbers)peaks in moist and warm upland forests with oceanic climates,and where conifers are *** flooded areas,climber richness is also very high and peaks in seasonally flooded large *** ecological conditions of frost,dryness or lack of nutrients,climber species richness,abundance and trait diversity decline,resulting in the dominance of small,twining and deciduous life traits.

关键词： American forest bioclimatic indices climber life traits standart protocol species richness

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Capsule endoscopy:Current practice and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第24期20卷 7752-7759页

作者： Melissa F hale Reena Sidhu Mark E McAlindon Department of Gastroenterology Royal Hallamshire HospitalSheffield S10 2JFUnited Kingdom

Capsule endoscopy (CE) has transformed investigation of the small bowel providing a non-invasive, well tolerated means of accurately visualising the distal duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Since the introduction of small bowel CE thirteen years ago a high volume of literature on indications, diagnostic yields and safety profile has been presented. Inclusion in national and international guidelines has placed small bowel capsule endoscopy at the forefront of investigation into suspected diseases of the small bowel. Most commonly, small bowel CE is used in patients with suspected bleeding or to identify evidence of active Crohn’s disease (CD) (in patients with or without a prior history of CD). Typically, CE is undertaken after upper and lower gastrointestinal flexible endoscopy has failed to identify a diagnosis. Small bowel radiology or a patency capsule test should be considered prior to CE in those at high risk of strictures (such as patients known to have CD or presenting with obstructive symptoms) to reduce the risk of capsule retention. CE also has a role in patients with coeliac disease, suspected small bowel tumours and other small bowel disorders. Since the advent of small bowel CE, dedicated oesophageal and colon capsule endoscopes have expanded the fields of application to include the investigation of upper and lower gastrointestinal disorders. Oesophageal CE may be used to diagnose oesophagitis, Barrett’s oesophagus and varices but reliability in identifying gastroduodenal pathology is unknown and it does not have biopsy capability. Colon CE provides an alternative to conventional colonoscopy for symptomatic patients, while a possible role in colorectal cancer screening is a fascinating prospect. Current research is already addressing the possibility of controlling capsule movement and developing capsules which allow tissue sampling and the administration of therapy.

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Small bowel Indications Technology Oesophageal Colon

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Histopathological profile of gastritis in adult patients seen at a referral hospital in Kenya

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第30期13卷 4117-4121页

作者： Ahmed Kalebi Farzana Rana Walter Mwanda Godfrey Lule Martin hale Department of Pathology University of Nairobi and Kenyatta National Hospital Kenya Department of Medicine University of Nairobi and Kenyatta National Hospital Kenya Department of Anatomical Pathology University of Witwatersrand and National Health Laboratory Services Johannesburg South Africa

AIM： To conduct a detailed histological study of gastritis in adult patients attending an endoscopy clinic at a Kenyan teaching and referral hospital.METHODS： Biopsy specimens from consecutive patients were examined and graded according to the Updated Sydney System for H pylori infection, chronic inflammation, neutrophil activity, glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. Also documented were gastric tissue eosinophil counts and presence of lymphoid follicles.RESULTS： The rate of the graded variables, in the antrum and corpus respectively, were as follows： H pylori infection （91%, 86%）, chronic inflammation （98%, 93%）, neutrophil activity （91%, 86%）, glandular atrophy （57%, 15%） and intestinal metaplasia （11%, 2%）. Lymphoid follicles were noted in 11% of cases. Duodenal and gastric ulcers were documented in 32% and 2% respectively. The mean eosinophil count was 5.9 ±0.74 eosinophils/ HPF and 9.58 ± 0.93 eosinophils/HPF in the corpus and antrum respectively. Significant association was found between the degree of H pylori colonisation with chronic inflammation, neutrophil activity and antral glandular atrophy. Biopsies from the antrum and corpus showed significant histopathological discordance for all the graded variables. H pylori negative cases were associated with recent antibiotic use.CONCLUSION： The study the chief cause of gastritis reaffirms that H pylori is in this environment. The majority of patients show a moderate to high degree of inflammation but a low degree of glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. The study shows that interrelationships between the histological variables in this African population are similar to those found in other populations worldwide including non-African populations.

关键词： Hpylori Gastritis Stomach Gastric atrophy Intestinal metaplasia Tissue eosinophils Peptic ulcer African enigma Sydney system

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